Напишите электронное письмо другу по переписке, расскажите ему о себе.

17. Прочтите отрывок из трактата Витрувия и скажите, отличается ли его представление об образовании инженера-строителя от современного.

Education of the architect

The architect should be equipped with knowledge of many branches of study and varied kinds of learning. This knowledge is the child of practice and theory. Practice is the continuous and regular exercise of employment where manual work is done with any necessary material according to the design. Theory, on the other hand, is the ability to demonstrate and explain the productions of dexterity on the principles of proportion.

An architect ought to have a knowledge of drawing so that he can readily make sketches to show the appearance of the work which he proposes. Geometry, also, is of much assistance in architecture, and in particular it teaches us the use of the rule and compasses, by which especially we acquire skills in making plans for buildings in their grounds. By means of optics, again, the light in buildings can be drawn from fixed quarters of the sky. It is true that it is by arithmetic that the total cost of buildings is calculated and measurements are computed, but difficult questions involving symmetry are solved by means of geometrical theories and methods.

He ought to be both naturally gifted and able to instruct. Neither natural ability without instruction nor instruction without natural ability can make the perfect artist. Let him be educated, skillful with the pencil, instructed in geometry, know much history, have followed the philosophers with attention, understand music, have some knowledge of medicine, know the opinions of the jurists, and be acquainted with astronomy and the theory of the heavens.

The architect should also have knowledge of the study of medicine on account of the questions of climates, air, the healthiness and unhealthiness of sites, and the use of different waters. And as for principles of law, he should know those which are necessary such as the laws about drains, windows, and water supply. And other things of this sort should be known to architects, so that, before they begin upon buildings, they may be careful not to leave disputed points for the householders to settle after the works are finished, and so that in drawing up contracts the interests of both employer and contractor may be wisely safe-guarded.

As for philosophy, it makes an architect high-minded and not self-assuming, courteous, just, and honest. This is very important, for no work can be rightly done without honesty and incorruptibility.

manual work ['mxnjuql wWk] – ручной труд

dexterity [deks'terItI] – ловкость, сноровка

acquaint [q'kweInt] – знакомить, познакомить

heaven ['hevn] – небеса

drain [dreIn] – водосток, канализация

treats of [trJt Pv] – обсуждать

conduct [kqn'dAkt] – проводить

high-minded ["haI'maIndId] – благородный

self-assuming [self q'sjHm] – самонадеянный, высокомерный, надменный

Time for fun

Прочитайте и расскажите друзьям.

Job Interview

Reaching the end of a job interview, the human resources person asked a young engineer fresh out of MIT, "And what starting salary were you looking for?"

The engineer said, "In the neighborhood of $125,000 a year, depending on the benefits package."

The interviewer said, "Well, what would you say to a five-week vacation, 14 paid holidays, full medical and dental, company matching your retirement fund to 50% of your salary, and a company car leased every two years, say, a red Corvette?"

The young engineer sat up straight and said, "Wow! Are you kidding?"

The interviewer replied, "Yeah, but you started it."

MIT – Массачусетский технологический институт

Corvette – [kL'vet]

1.3. MY SPECIALITY

Запомните следующие слова.

to deal ( dealt, dealt (with) [dJl, delt] v иметь дело с, быть связанным с

design [dI'zaIn] n проектирование, конструирование, планирование; v чертить, проектировать, конструировать

harbour ['hRbq] n гавань

repair [rI'peq] n ремонт; v ремонтировать, восстанавливать; исправлять

to oppose to [q'pqVz] v противопоставлять(ся)

militaryy ['mIlItqrI] a военный

fortifications ["fLtIfI'keISqnz] n pl укрепления; фортификационные сооружения

ditch[dIC] n канава, ров; траншея

armed forces ['Rmd 'fLsIz] вооруженные силы

concrete ['kPNkrJt] n бетон; v бетонировать

reinforced cconcrete ["rJIn'fLst] железобетон

residential ["re zI'denSql] a жилой

transport facilities ['trxnspLt fq'sIlItIz] транспорт; транспортные средства

prefabricated elements [prI'fxbrIkeItid 'elImqnts] сборные элементы

prefabricated cconstruction полносборное строительство

highway engineering дорожное строительство

dam [dxm] n дамба, плотина, запруда

preliminary [prI'lImInqrI] a предварительный

site ['saIt] n место для застройки; строительная площадка

feasibilityy ["fIzq'bIlItI] n осуществимость, выполнимость; возможность, вероятность

feasible ['fJzqbl] a осуществимый, выполнимый; подходящий, годный; возможный, вероятный

to determine [dI'tE:mIn] v определять

means['mJnz] n средство, средства

safe[seIf] a безопасный

safety ['seifti] n безопасность

effecient [I'fISqnt] a квалифицированный, умелый; эффективный, действенный; продуктивный

to advise [qd'vaIz] v советовать; консультировать

to develop [dI'velqp] v развивать; разрабатывать

to implement ['ImplIment] v выполнять, осуществлять; проводить в жизнь

application["xplI'keISqn] n применение, приложение; прикладная программа

to select [sI'lekt] v выбирать

structural material ['strAkCqrql mq'tIrIql] конструкционный материал

equipment [I'kwIpmqnt] n оборудование

collaboration [kq"lxbq'reISqn] n сотрудничество

to prepare [prI'peq] v готовить

specification(s) ["spesIfI'keISqn(z)] n спецификация, технические условия

drawing ['drLIN] n рисунок, чертеж

to supervise ['sjHpqvaIz] v смотреть, надзирать; заведовать, руководить

to commission [kq'mISqn] v вводить (в действие или эксплуатацию)

to complete [kqm'plJt] v завершать

civil engineering design строительная часть проекта

engineering designтехнологическая часть проекта; инженерное проектирование; технические расчеты

structural analysis ['strAkCqrql q'nxlIsIs] строительная механика; расчет конструкций; структурный анализ

foundation["faun'deISqn] n основание; фундамент; организация, учреждение

foundation engineering фундаментостроение; основания и фундаменты (дисциплина)

quality ['kwPlItI] n качество

to depend on [dI'pend] v зависеть от

profound [pre'faVnd] a глубокий

state-of-the-art-technology ['steIt qv Dq 'Rt tek'nPlqGI] = cutting-edge technology ['kAtIN"eG] передовая технология, современная технология; передовая техника, современная техника

environment[In'vaIqrqnmqnt] n окружающая среда

environment conscious["kPnSqs] = environmentally friendly ['frendlI] учитывающий необходимость защиты окружающей среды

structural works ['strAkCqrql 'wE:ks] строительные работы

to pollute [pq'lHt] v загрязнять

to be supposed to do smth [sq'pqVzd] иметь определенные обязанности

to prevent [prI'vent] v предотвращать

damage ['dxmIG] n ущерб, вред; v повреждать, причинять ущерб

2. Прочитайте однокоренные слова и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на словообразовательные суффиксы.

Know, knowledge, well-known; oppose, opposition; sand, sandy; wood, wooden; force, reinforced; nature, natural; conduct, conductor; require, requirement; select, selection; apply, application; understand, understanding; implement, implementation; safe, safety; advise, advisor; equip, equipment; collaborate, collaboration; found, foundation; pollute, pollution; prevent, prevention.