Sum up the Russian article below in English using your active vocabulary

Одно из приоритетных направлений деятельности организации «Эйдж Консерн» – программа «Возвращение домой из больницы», которая нацелена на оказание помощи инвалидам и старикам, страдающим различными тяжелыми недугами. Помощь особенно необходима тем, кто только что выписался из больницы.

Первые 2-3 недели после выписки такие люди совершенно беспомощны, они не уверены в своих силах и не знают, как дальше будет строится их жизнь. В организации для каждого клиента разрабатывается индивидуальная программа, которая предусматривает, прежде всего, адаптацию домашних условий. Необходимо устроить все так, чтобы человеку, ослабевшему после тяжелой болезни, или частично парализованному, было удобно обслуживать себя. В программу входит также психологическая поддержка и комплекс мер по реабилитации клиента. Организация предоставляет реабилитационное оборудование (например, для обеспечения безопасности в ванной комнате или приспособлений для людей с нарушениями слуха и зрения).

В отдельных случаях клиенты временно помещаются в специализированные учреждения. Так, дом для престарелых св. Антония осуществляет реабилитационную программу «Жизнь дома», рассчитанную на тех, кто имеет проблемы в самообслуживании, например, после инсульта. Программа рассчитана на 6 недель, в течение которых человек может заново овладеть утраченными бытовыми навыками и приспособиться к самостоятельной жизни. Для этого в доме св. Антония есть специально оборудованная кухня, ванная и т.д. – «кабинеты бытовой реабилитации».

Кстати сказать, в Англии есть особая медицинская специальность – терапевт (occupational therapist), который помогает решать проблемы самообслуживания и трудовой деятельности после тяжелой болезни или травмы. Он, в частности, назначает комплекс лечебной физкультуры для укрепления силы мышц, повышения устойчивости и равновесия, руководит процессом бытовой реабилитации.

В Великобритании очень хорошо развита информационная служба, которая собирает данные о различных видах помощи пожилым людям и инвалидам и предоставляет им информацию относительно медицинского и социального обслуживания, транспорта, жилищных вопросов и т.д. Сообщить о своих трудностях и получить нужную информацию можно по телефону, в офисе службы или вызвав сотрудника службы на дом. Услуги эти бесплатные и доступны всем независимо от возраста и финансового положения, что особенно важно для тех, кто изолирован от общества в связи с тяжелой болезнью, имеет нарушение подвижности, зрения, слуха и т.д. Получая информацию, человек имеет возможность сделать выбор средств для решения своей проблемы.

FINAL DISCUSSION

I. Translate the following statements into Russian and comment on them.

1. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak. Weak in pain, but weaker still, … in pleasure. For under the torments of pleasure, what coward ices, what betrayals of self and of others will it not commit (A. Huxley)!

2. [Modern civilization] … multiplies the ills to which flesh is heir (R.M. MacIver).

3. Our hygiene and regimen are rapidly pushing back old age and death, and keeping men hale and hearty (H.G. Wells).

4. Age is not important unless you’re a cheese (Helen Hayes).

5. I never feel age… If you have creative work, you don’t have age or time (Louise Nevelson).

6. Perpetual optimism is a force multiplier (Colin Powell).

II. Comment on the following proverbs and sayings in connection with the problems under discussion.

- A sound mind in a sound body

- To go to bed with lamb and rise with the lark.

- Good health is above wealth/ Wealth is nothing without health

- Diseases are the interests of pleasure

- A remedy is worse than disease

- What can’t be cured must be endured

- Like cures like

III. Write an essay on one of the following topics.

1) My idea of healthy eating.

2) Harmful physical and psychological effects of obesity.

3) The spirit is willing, the flesh is weak.

4) A man is as old as he feels, a woman is as old as she looks.

5) Methods of overcoming aftereffects of stress.

6) Health is not valued till sickness comes.

7) Advice on a healthy way of living, Or how to be fit.

8) Traditional medicine and alternative methods of treatment.

9) Professional sports: pros and cons.

10) Social and psychological roots of drug abuse.

11) Implications of being an invalid.

12) Human nature: progressing or degrading.

UNIT III

FAMILY AND MARRIAGE

Text 1

RICH MAN, POOR MAN

(an extract)

Rudolph went down another short street and turned to his left on Vanderhoff Street, where he lived. Vanderhoff Street ran parallel to Broadway and seemed to be trying to emulate it, but doing it badly, like a poor man in a baggy suit and scuffed shoes pretending he had arrived in a Cadillac. The shops were small and the wares in their windows were dusty, as though the owners knew there really was no use. Quite a few of the shop fronts were still boarded up, having closed down in 1930 or 1931. When new sewer lines were laid down before the war the WPA had felled all the trees which had shaded the sidewalks and nobody had bothered to plant new ones. Vanderhoff was a long street and as he approached his own house the street became shabbier and shabbier, as though just the mere act of going south was somehow spiritually a decline.

His mother was in the bakery, behind the counter, with a shawl around her shoulders, because she was always cold. The building was on a corner, so there were two big windows and his mother kept complaining that with all that glass there was no way of keeping the shop warm. She was putting a dozen hard rolls in a brown paper bag for a little girl. There were cakes and tarts displayed in the front window, but they were no longer baked in the cellar. At the start of the war, his father, who did the baking, had decided that it was more trouble than it was worth and now a truck from a big commercial bakery stopped every morning to deliver the cakes and pastries and Axel confined himself to baking the bread and rolls. When pastries had remained in the window three days, his father would bring them upstairs for the family to eat. Rudolph went in and kissed his mother and she patted his cheek. She always looked tired and was always squinting a little, because she was a chain smoker and the smoke got into her eyes.

“Why so early?” she asked.

“Short practice today,” he said. He didn’t say why. “I’ll take over here. You can go upstairs now.”

“Thank you,” she said. “My Rudy.” She kissed him again. She was very affectionate with him. He wished she would kiss his brother or sister once in a while, but she never did. He had never seen his mother kiss his father.

“I’ll go up and make dinner,” she said. She was the only one in the family who called supper dinner. Rudolph’s father did the shopping, because he said his wife was extravagant and didn’t know good food from bad, but most of the time she did the cooking.

She went out of the front door. There was no door that opened directly from the bakery to the hallway and the staircase that led up to the two floors above, where they lived, and he saw his mother pass the shop window, framed in pastry and shivering as the wind hit her. It was hard for him to remember that she was only a little over forty. Her hair was graying and she shuffled like an old lady.

He got out a book and read. It would be slow in the shop for another hour. The book he was reading was E. Burke’s speech On Conciliation With the Colonies, for his English class. It was so convincing that you wondered how all those supposedly smart men in Parliament hadn’t agreed with him. What would America have been like if they had listened to Burke? Would there have been earls and dukes and castles? He would have liked that. Sir Rudolph Jordache, Colonel in the Port Philip Household Guards.

The family ate in the kitchen. The evening meal was the only one they all ate together because of the father’s hours of work. They had lamb stew tonight. Despite rationing, they always had plenty of meat because Rudolph’s father was friendly with the butcher, Mr. Haas, who didn’t ask for ration tickets because he was German, too. Rudolph felt uneasy about eating black market lamb on the same day that Henry Fuller had found out his brother had been killed, but all he did about it was ask for a small portion, mostly potatoes and carrots, because he couldn’t talk to his father about fine points like that.

His brother Thomas, the only blond in the family, besides the mother, who really couldn’t be called blond anymore, didn’t seem to be worried about anything as he wolfed down his food. Thomas was just a year younger than Rudolph, but was already as tall and much stockier than his brother. Gretchen, Rudolph’s older sister, never ate much, because she worried about her weight. His mother just picked at her food. His father, a massive man in shirt-sleeves, ate enormously, wiping his thick, black moustache with the back of his hand from time to time.

Gretchen didn’t wait for the three-day-old cherry pie that they had for dessert, because she was due at the Army hospital just outside town where she worked as a volunteer nurse’s aid five nights a week. When she stood up, the father made his usual joke. “Be careful,” he said. “Don’t let those soldiers grab you. We don’t have enough rooms in this house to set up a nursery.”

“Pa,” Gretchen said reproachfully.

“I know soldiers,” Axel Jordache said. “Just be careful.”

Gretchen was a neat, proper, beautiful girl, Rudolph thought, and it pained him that his father talked like that to her. After all, she was the only one in the family who was contributing to the war effort.

When the meal was over, Thomas went out, too, as he did every night, – to loaf around. He never did any homework and he got terrible marks at school. He was still a freshman at high school, although he was nearly sixteen. He never listened to anybody. Axel Jordache went into the living room to read the evening newspaper before going down to the cellar for the night’s work. Rudolph stayed in the kitchen to dry the dishes after his mother had washed them. If I ever get married, Rudolph thought, my wife will not have to wash dishes.

When the dishes were done, the mother got out the ironing board and Rudolph went upstairs to the room he shared with his brother, to do his homework. He knew that if ever he was going to escape eating in a kitchen and listening to his father and wiping dishes it was going to be through books, so he was always the best prepared student in the class for all examinations.

(by Irwin Shaw)

EXERCISES

1. Look up the following references for relevant cultural and historical information: Broadway, the war, Burke Edmund, Household Guards, rationing.