Translate the sentences using the phrasal verbs (Ex.7)
1)Он много пережил с тех пор, как умерла его жена.
2) Если я поправлюсь еще хотя бы на один килограмм, я не смогу нoсить мое любимое платье.
3) Их сблизила общая любовь к опере.
4) Страх заполнил его сердце, и Джек тихо прокрался в дом, стараясь не шуметь.
5) Глаза Сьюзен наполнились слезами, когда она поняла, что попалась на столь старый фокус.
6) За месяц, что она провела там, Роуз не сбросила ни фунта.
7) Рон закончил свою карьеру будучи главой крупной фирмы.
8) Их долги достигли (выросли до) гигантской цифры.
9) В годы его правления уровень безработицы достиг минимума/ максимума.
10) Родители считали, что новый друг Эдны сбил ее с пути.
11) Страх стал закрадываться в сердце Тома, и по мере того, как шло время, тревога возрастала.
10. Explain the meaning of the word-building suffixes in the following derivatives: a) airy, chatty, icy, steely, stony;b) friendly, womanly, sickly.
11. Look up the words affect and effect in a dictionary and find out their possible derivatives and collocations.
12. Fill in the gaps with the most suitable word from the list: affect, effect, affection, affectionate, affectation, affected.
1. She is not really American – her accent is just an ___.
2. He feels a deep fatherly ___ for Oliver.
3. Consumption of large amounts of animal fats has a harmful ___ on your health.
4. Looking back she gave him a tender, ___ smile.
5. Scholars are investigating the ways in which climate changes ___ the ozone layer.
6. He answered the phone in an ___ voice.
7. Jane is completely sincere, quite without ___.
8. He is likely to ___ illness in order to stay off work.
9. Jolly was always a very amiable and ___ child.
10. He approached Kate and forced a smile but his ___ manner only annoyed her.
13. Look up the following synonyms and explain their difference.
a) Bony – lean – skinny – slender – slight – slim – thin
b) Buxom – chubby – fat – obese – overweight – plump – stout
c) Easy – plain – simple
d) Little – meager – minute – slight – small – tiny
e) Nourishing – nutritious – rich
14. Fill in the gaps with one of the synonyms.
a) Bony – lean – skinny – slender – slight – slim – thin
1. At eighty my grandfather was ___ and strong and I expected him to live forever.
2. I have seen May’s son – a small, ___ child with delicate-looking features.
3. James was tall and ___ with brown hair and steel-gray eyes.
4. When I picked up the cat it felt as ___ as a skeleton.
5. Now you have to be a twig to be considered beautiful – like the ___ models who are passed off as the picture of perfect health in their glamorous clothes and makeup.
6. Hester was in her middle forties, ___ , and really good-looking.
7. He had long, ___ , expressive hands, like a concert pianist.
8. She had a runner’s ___ physique and an overall healthy glow
9. She looks so great – how does she stay so ___?
b) Buxom – chubby – fat – obese – overweight – plump – stout
1. Sally never wears a swimming-suit, she thinks she is too ___.
2. The baby reached out with his ___ little finger.
3. Amy, who once had a slim little figure, was now ___ , heavy and matronly, the mother of three children.
4. The doctor said I was slightly ___ and needed more exercise.
5. She was an attractive woman of about 45, fairly ___ and good to look at.
6. Who is that pretty ___ little girl with the dark hair.
7. He may not be clinically ___, but he should lose a lot of weight.
8. Elsie was a ___ healthy-looking woman, quick with a laugh.
9. Paula shrugged her beautiful ___ shoulders.
c) Easy – plain – simple
1. I like this recipe because it is so ___.
2. He does not find it ___ to talk about his personal matters.
3. She was wearing a ___ white dress which in fact cost her a fortune.
4. The instructions are in large print to make them ___ to read.
5. They suggested a ___ but effective solution to the problem.
d) Little – meager – minute – slight – small – tiny
1. Though the room was rather ___, it was comfortable and Anna decided to rent it.
2. I’ve got a very accurate account of the occasion, John described it in ___ detail.
3. They confined themselves to a ___ diet of hard-boiled eggs and raw tomatoes.
4. They all admired the pretty ___ house of Soames’ at Montpellier Square.
5. There was a ___ change, almost unnoticeable.
6. She had a ___ waist which had not thickened, in spite of the six babies she had carried beneath it.
7. What he managed to drag out of them was a ___ sum of $ 20, hardly enough to keep his body and soul together.
8. It was quite warm and a ___ breeze was blowing.
9. The poor ___ thing has cut her finger.
e) Nourishing – nutritious – rich
1. Food high in carbohydrates contains little ___ material needed to build up tissue.
2. For Christmas she usually makes a very ___ cake. I don’t remember the recipe, I only know that she puts a lot of eggs, cream and sugar into it.
3. Beans are said to be ___ but I don’t much like them.
4. Mr. Fatty wants to slim, so he should avoid eating ___ food.
15. Look up the following words related to the concept of eating and discuss their semantic peculiarities; illustrate their usage with examples from the text or your own sentences.
- to eat, feed, consume;
- to have smth to eat, have a snack, grab a bite/ something to eat;
- to overeat, gorge (oneself), stuff oneself, make a pig of oneself;
- to chew, munch, crunch;
- to swallow, gulp, bolt (down), devour, gobble up/ down, polish off;
- to nibble, pick at, sip;
- to be a gourmet, be a glutton/ a big/ hearty eater, be a picky/ fussy eater
16. Match the following definitions with the words above.
- eat very small amount of food because not hungry;
- swallow a large amount in a way that shows you are very hungry;
- eat very quickly and noisily, taking much food in your mouth;
- eat very quickly, hardly chewing the food, because you are in a hurry;
- eat or drink smth – used esp. in scientific or technical contexts;
- bite food several times and turn it around in your mouth;
- eat everything available, with great enjoyment, until there is none left;
- eat a small meal in the time between your main meals;
- eat noisily something hard;
- eat too much so that you cannot eat any more;
- eat taking small bites;
- inform. eat quickly, smth like a sandwich, because you are in a hurry;
- eat smth with continuous movements of your mouth, especially when you are enjoying your food;
- regularly eat too much in a way that is bad for your health
17. Suggest Russian equivalents of the following set expressions and comment on the symbolic meaning of their word-components denoting animals.
- to eat like a horse
- to eat like a pig; to make a pig/ hog of oneself
- dog’s dinner/ breakfast
- as hungry as a wolf; wolf hunger; to wolf smth down
- to eat like a bird
- to drink like a fish
18. a) Match the method of cooking and its definition.
| Baking | A | cooking in steam; used for puddings, fish etc | |
| Boiling | B | cooking by direct heat, putting food over or underneath a flame or a heated electric object | |
| Braising | C | cooking food in water, with just enough to cover it, at a temperature lower than 100C, very gently and slowly | |
| Broiling/ grilling | D | cooking meat, vegetables or fruit very slowly in a small amount of water and its own juices | |
| Frying | E | cooking by mixing around in very hot oil/ fat for a very short time; used for chips, doughnuts etc | |
| Roasting | F | cooking (especially bread) by means of dry heat in an oven | |
| Simmering | G | cooking (especially meat) by dry heat, either in front of an open fire, over coals or in an oven | |
| Steaming | H | cooking food in water at 100C | |
| Stewing | I | meat is first browned, then cooked till it is tender in a covered pot with a small amount of fat and water added | |
| Stir-frying | J | cooking food gently in hot oil, butter or fat, usually in a covered pan |
b) What can you do to the following foodstuffs? Choose the verbs below: cream, eggs, fish, meat, cereals and pastry, fruit and vegetables
baste chop mash scramble whip
crack mince shell whisk bone
peel shred braise grate grind
steam simmer grill roast carve
knead roll stew skin boil
beat dice poach bake sift
19. Fill in the gaps with the most suitable word.
1) No, thank you. I don’t ___ sugar in tea.
a) put; b) consume; c) take
2) The meat is as tough as an old boot, you have to ___ it for a long time.
a) bite; b) munch; c) chew
3) Jill was reading a book, ___ a raw carrot as she read.
a) chewing; b) biting; c) crunching
4) Mrs. Proper told her son it was impolite to ___ his food so greedily.
a) stuff; b) gobble; c) bolt
5) Don’t ___ your food ___. Chew it carefully, we have plenty of time.
a) gobble up; b) bolt down; c) polish off
6) They stood around sipping beer and ___ little snacks.
a) nibbling on; b) picking at; c) bolting down
7) Have a ___ of brandy, it will make you feel better.
a) swallow; b) sip; c) touch
8) ___ your food will give you indigestion.
a) Bolting; b) Gorging; c) Munching
9) My mother likes to ___ her own bread.
a) roast; b) bake; c) grill
10) Will you put some water on, please, ready to ___ the potatoes.
a) boil; b) bake; c) braise
11) Will you ___ some cheese to put in this sauce?
a) grind; b) grate; c) powder
12) The meat must be cooked in the ___ for an hour.
a) grate; b) grill; c) oven; d) stove
13) The dish had a very interesting taste as it was ___ with lemon.
a) flavoured; b) pickled; c) seasoned; d) spiced
14) These are ___ potatoes, not the end of last season’s.
a) fresh; b) new; c) young
15) The apple was absolutely ___ and so sour that I had to put some sugar on it.
a) ripe; b) green; c) raw
16) Don’t put any cream on my wild strawberries, I prefer them ___.
a) natural; b) plain; c) raw
17) You should eat more ___ vegetables like lettuce or cucumbers.
a) raw; b) green; c) fresh
18) Frozen vegetables are not so nutritious as ___ ones. But if you do eat them, do not ___ them before cooking.
a) fresh, b) raw, c) fresh,
defrost; melt; soften
19) Put the salt into the water and let it ___ before adding the pasta.
a) dissolve; b) melt; c) dilute
20) ___ the sugar and butter in a saucepan, then add the flour and knead well.
a) Thaw; b) Melt; c) Dissolve