Тема 5. Sports and Games in Our Life

People all over the world are fond of sports and games. That is one of the things in which people of every nationality and class are united. All kinds of physical exercises are very useful to make our bodies strong enough to keep ourselves fit and healthy. The most popular outdoor winter sports are shooting, hunting and hockey, in the I countries where the weather is frosty and there is much snow- skating, skiing and tobogganing. Some people greatly enjoy figure-skat­ing and ski-jumping. It's so nice to go to the skating-rink or to the forest on a frosty sunny day!

Summer affords excellent opportunities for swimming, boating, yachting, cycling, gliding and many other sports. Among outdoor I games football takes the first place in public interest; this game is played in all countries of the world. The other games that have firmly established themselves in favour in different countries are golf, lawn-tennis, cricket, volley-ball, basket-ball, and so on. Badminton is also very popular.

All the year round many people indulge in boxing, wrestling, ath­letics, gymnastics and track and field events. Scores of young girls and women go in for callisthenics. Over the last few years aerobics has become popular with young girls. It helps them to be slim, healthy and strong. The founder of this kind of sport was a well-known American actress Jane Fonda. Being a great enthusiast of aerobics she has been trying to initiate many young women from all over the world into this sport. Among indoor games the most popular are billiards, table-tennis, I draughts and some others, but the great international game is chess, of course. The results of. chess tournaments are studied and discussed і by thousands of enthusiasts in different countries all he can to be healthy. Physically inactive people get old earlier than those who have plenty of exercises. If you do daily exercises you feel refreshed, have a good posture, and that makes you good. I can add that good health is better than the best medicine. You have “A sound mind in a sound body”, as the old Latin saying goes. The English proverb “ sickness in the body brings sickness to the mind expresses a similar idea, but from a different point of view.

Word List on the Subject "Sport and Games"

to be fond of smth.— полюбляти, подоба­тися

to unite[ju:'nait] — об'єднувати

outdoor winter games— зимові ігри на відкритому повітрі

shooting— стрільба

hunting— полювання

tobogganing— санний спорт

to afford excellent opportunities for smth.— надавати чудові можли­вості для чого-небудь

yachting['jo:tin] — вітрильний спорт

gliding— планерний спорт

to establish oneself in favour— бути в пошані

golf— гольф

lawn-tennis— теніс

to indulge in smth.— захоплюватися чимось, займатися (спортом)

boxing— бокс

wrestling— боротьба

track and field events— легка атлетика

to go in for smth.— захоплюватися чимось

callisthenics— рит­мічна гімнастика

enthusiast— ентузіаст

toinitiate[I'nifieit] into smth. -прилучати кого-небудь до чого-небудь

indoor games— ігри під дахом

tournament— турнір

tomake smb. kin— робити кого-небудь близьким

inactive— бездіяльний, пасивний

to feel refreshed— почувати себе освіженим

mind —дух

similar— подібний

archery— стрільба з лука

artistic gymnastics- художня гімнастика

boxing— бокс

car (motorcycle) racing— автогонки (мотогонки)

cycling— їзда на велосипеді

diving['daivin] — стрибки у воду

fencing['fensin] — фехтування

figure-skating -—фігурне катання

gliding— планерний спорт

gymnastics— гімнастика

mountaineering— альпінізм

rowing and canoeing— веслування

skating— катання на ковзанах

ski-jumping— стрибки на лижах

sky diving (parachuting) — стрибки з парашутом

swimming— плавання

weight-lifting— піднімання штанги

wrestling— боротьба

yachting—вітрильний спорт

athletics (track-and-field)— атлетика (легка атлетика)

discus (hammer, javelin) throwing— метання диска (молота, списа)

high (long, triple) jump— стрибки у висоту (у довжину, потрійні)

hurdle races['ha:dl'reisiz] — гони з перешкодами

marathon — марафонський біг

pole vault (vaulting)— стрибки з упором або жeрдиною

race (run) —біг

Тема 6. Travelling

Modern life is impossible without travelling. True, we often get tired of the same surroundingsand daily routine. Hencesome relaxation is essential to restoreour mental and physical resources. That is why the best place of relaxation, in my opinion, is the one where you have never been before. And it is by means of travelling that you get to that place.

To understand how true it is you've got to go to a railway sta­tion,a sea or a river port or an airport.There you are most likely to see hundreds of people hurrying to board a train, a ship or a plane.

To be on the safe sideand to spare yourself the trouble of stand­inglong hours in the line,you'd better book tickets in advance. Allyou have to do is to ring up the airport or the railway station book­ing office and they will send your ticket to your place. And, of course, before getting off you have to make your preparations.You should settleall your businessesand visit your friends and relatives. On the eveof your departure you should packyour things in a suitcase. When the day of your departurecomes you call a taxi and go to the airport

or the railway station.

For some time you stay in the waiting-room.If you are hungry you take some refreshments. In some time the loudspeaker announcesthat the train or the plane is in and the passengersare invited to take their seats. If you travel by train you find your carriage,enter the corridor and find your berth. Itmay be a lower berth, which is more convenient or an upper one. You put your suitcase into a special box under the lower seat. Then you arrange your smaller packageson the racks. Insome time the train starts off. Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages; You can see the country you are travelling through and enjoy the beautiful nature. It may be an express train or a passenger one. There is no doubt it's much more convenient to travel by an express train, because it does not stop at small stations and it takes you less time to get to your destination.

But if you are in a hurryand want to save your time you'd better travel by plane, because it is the fastest way of travelling. After the procedureof registration you board the plane at last. You sit down in a comfortable armchair and in a few minutes you are already above the clouds. The land can be seen below between the clouds and it looks like a geographical map. After the plane gained its regular heightthe stewardess brings in some mineral water. You can sit and read abook or a magazine, look through the window to watch the passing clouds change their colour from white to black.

Some people prefer to travel by ship when possible. A sea voy­age is very enjoyable, indeed. But to my mind the best way of trav­elling is by car. The advantages of this way of spending your holiday are that you don't have to buy aticket, you can stop wherever you wish, where there is something interesting to see. And for this rea­sontravelling by car is popular for pleasure trips while people usual­ly take a train or a plane when they are travelling on business.

When you get tired of relaxation, you become home-sickand feel like returning home.You realize that "East or West — home is best," as the saying goes.

Word List on the Subject "Travelling"

surroundings[sэ'raundinz] — околиці, середовище

routine[ru:'ti:n] — певний режим, заведений порядок, рутина

hence— звідси, отже

relaxation— відпочинок від роботи, перепочинок, розвага

to be essential— бути необхідним

to restore— відновлювати, відшкодовувати, відроджувати

railway station— залізничний вокзал

airport— аеропорт

to board a train (ship, etc.)— сісти на потяг (корабель і т.д.)

train— потяг

ship — корабель, судно, пароплав

plane— літак

to be on the safe side — про всяк випадок

to spare oneself the trouble of— позбавити себе від турбот, позбутися турбот

to stand in the line— стояти в черзі

in advance— завчасно

to make one's preparations— готуватися

to settle one's business— влаштовувати справи

on the eve— напередодні

to pack— вкладати речі, паку­ватися

suitcase— валіза

departure[di'pa:tfa] — відправлення

waiting-room— зал чекання

to announce[a'nauns] — повідомляти

passenger— пасажир

carriage— вагон

berth— місце (для лежання)

package— пакет, пакунок

rack— сітка

destination— місце призначення; мета (подорожі)

to be in a hurry— поспішати

procedure[pra:'si:d33] — процедура

height— висота

for this reason— з цієї причини

to become home-sick— нудьгувати по дому

to feel like returning home— хотіти повернутися додому

railway ticket, railroad ticket— залізничний квиток

one-way ticket, single ticket— квиток в один кінець

return ticket— зворотний квиток

round trip ticket— квиток туди й назад

ticket machine— автомат з про­дажу квитків

reduced fare ticket— пільговий квиток

child's ticket— дитячий квиток