А) Использование (употребление)
Past Simple используется:
1) для действия, которое произошло в определенное время в прошлом. Время указано или уже известно:
He produced a new film last year.
2) для действий, которые произошли немедленно одно за другим в прошлом:
She opened the window and called him.
3) когда мы говорим об обычаях и привычках прошлого, которых уже нет; для этого часто используется выражение used to:
People lived (used to live) in caves thousands years ago.
4) когда мы говорим о людях, которых уже нет в живых:
Chaplin starred in many famous films.
Следующие временные указатели обычно используются с Past simple:
last night, then, in 1945, two days ago, when, yesterday.
Past Continuous
а) Образование: Past Continuous образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в Past Simple (was, were) и причастия I смыслового глагола.
I was writing a composition at three o’clock yesterday.
They were playing chess after dinner yesterday.
а) Использование (употребление):
Past Continuous используется:
1) для действия, которое было в развитии в указанное время в прошлом, без упоминания, когда оно началось или закончилось:
At two o’clock yesterday afternoon they were visiting their grandparents.
2) для действия, которое было в развитии, когда другое действие прервало его. Для действия в развитии используется Past Continuous; для действия, которое прервало его – Past Simple:
They were boating when the rain started.
3) для двух и более одновременных прошедших действий:
He was playing tennis while she was watching him.
4) для описания атмосферы повествования до представления основного события:
They were sitting under the trees. The sun was shining and the birds were singing.
Следующие временные указатели обычно используются с Past Continuous:
when, while, as, all day, at 2 o’clock yesterday.
In this exercise you have to read a sentence about the present and then write a sentence about the past.
Example: Tom usually gets up at 7.30. Yesterday........he got up at 7.30............
1. Tom usually wakes up early. Yesterday morning .........................................
2. Tom usually walks to work. Yesterday ..........................................................
3. Tom is usually late for work. Yesterday .........................................................
4. Tom usually has a sandwich for lunch. Yesterday .........................................
5. Tom usually goes out in the evening. Yesterday evening ..............................
6. Tom usually sleeps very well. Last night ...................................................….
2. This time you have to put one of these verbs in each sentence:
hurt teach spend sell throw fall catch buy cost
Example: I was hungry, so I.........bought.........something to eat in the shop.
1. Tom's father...............................him how to drive when he was 17.
2. Don................................down the stairs this morning and.........................his leg.
3. We needed some money so we................................our car.
4. Ann.……......a lot of money yesterday. She...……..a dress which......£50.
5. Jim.................................the ball to Sue who................................it.
3. In this exercise you have to write questions. A friend has just come back from holiday and , you are asking him about it.
Examples: where / go? ………. Where did you go?……………
food/good?………….Was the food good? …………
1. how long / stay there? ...................................................................................
2. stay in a hotel? ...................................................................................………
3. go alone? ..............................................................................................……
4. how / travel? ..........................................................................................……
5. the weather / fine? .......................................................................................….
6. what / do in the evenings? ...............................................................................
7. meet any interesting people? ...........................................................…………
4. This time you have to put the verb into the correct form. All the sentences are past.
Example: I.......didn’t go......(not/go) to work yesterday because I........wasn’t.......(not/be) very well.
1. Tom...........(not/shave) this morning because he...........(not/have) time.
2. We.................(not/eat) anything because we.................(not/be) hungry.
3. I......................(not/rush) because I.................................(not/be) in a hurry.
4. She...…...(not/be) interested in the book because she..........(not/understand) it.
5. Here is a list of some things that Ann did yesterday (and the times at which she did them):
| 1.8.45-9.15 had breakfast 2. 9.15-10.00 read the newspaper 3. 3 10.00-12.00 cleaned her flat | 4 12.45-1.30 had lunch 5 2.30-3.30 washed some clothes 6 4.00-6.00 watched television | |
| Now write sentences saying what she 1. At 9 o'clock …she was having breakfast…… | was doing at these times: 4. At 1 o'clock……………… | |
| 2. At 9.30 she ................... | 5. At 3 o'clock ........................... | |
| 3. At 11 o'clock .............….. | 6. At 5 o'clock ............................. |