Ex. 1.7 Put the gerund in brackets into Active or Passive form.
1. He was always ready for (to help) people. 2. He was very glad of (to help) in his difficulty. 3. On (to allow) to leave the room the children immediately ran out into the yard and began (to play). In (to make) this experiment they came across some very interesting phenomena. 5. The results of the experiment must be checked and rechecked before (to publish). 6. David was tired of (to scold) all the time. 7. The watch requires (to repair). 8. The problem is not worth (to discuss). 9. Jane Eyre remembered (to lock) up in the red room for (to contradict) Mrs. Reed. 10. Why do you avoid (to speak) to me? 11. She tried to avoid (to speak) to. 12. The doctor insisted on (to send) the sick man to hospital. 13. The child insisted on (to send) home at once. 14. Do you mind him (to examine) by a heart specialist? 15. He showed no sigh of (to recognize) me. 16. She showed no sign of (to surprise). 17. He had a strange habit of (to interfere) in other people's business. 18. I was angry at (to interrupt) every other moment.
Ex. 1.8 Put the gerund in brackets into the proper form. Remember that after verbs to want, to need, to deserve, to require, and to be worth we use active gerund.
E.g. My watch needs repairing(but not being repaired).
1. The machine needs (to clean). 2. I am quite serious in (to say) that I don't want to go abroad. 3. He seemed sorry for (to be) inattentive to his child. 4. She confessed of (to forget) to send the letter. 5. The old man could not stand (to tell) what he should do. 6. Going to the party was no use: he had no talent for (to dance). 7. After thoroughly (to examine) the student, the professor gave him a satisfactory mark. 8. After thoroughly (to examine) by the examination commission, the student was given a satisfactory mark. 9. She accused him of (to steal) her purse. 10. She reproached me for (not to write) to her. 11. This job is not worth (to take). 12. After (to look) through and (to mark) the students' papers, the teacher handed them back. 13. After (to look) through and (to mark), the papers were handed back to the students. 14. These clothes want (to wash). 15. David was very glad of (to find) his aunt. 16. Excuse me for (to break) your beautiful vase. 17. You never mentioned (to be) to Greece. 18. She was proud of (to award) the cup of a champion. 19. I don't remember ever (to meet) your sister. 20. I don't remember (to ask) this question by anybody. 21. The cat was punished for (to break) the cup. 22. The cat was afraid of (to punish) and hid itself under the sofa.
| Remember some verbs and phrases after which we use the gerund with a definite preposition | |
| to accuse of | to keep on |
| to agree to | to insist on |
| to approve of | to look forward to |
| to be afraid of | to object to |
| to be proud of | to persist in |
| to congratulate on | to prevent from |
| to depend on | to succeed in |
| to dream of | to suspect of |
| to feel like | to thank for |
| to give up the idea of | to think of |
Ex. 1.9 Translate into Russian paying attention to the gerund.
1. My friend succeeded in translating this difficult text. 2. She suspected him of deceiving her. 3. The poor peasant thanked Robin Hood heartily for having helped him. 4. He gave up the idea of ever hearing from her. 5. We are looking forward to seeing you again. 6. He has always dreamt of visiting other countries. 7. He persisted in trying to solve that difficult problem. 8. The cold weather prevented the girls from going for long walks. 9. Jane thought of leaving Lowood after Miss Temple's marriage. 10. They accuse him of having robbed the house. 11. He never agreed to their going on that dangerous voyage. 12. He did not approve of her drinking so much coffee. 13. The teacher of mathematics did not approve of his pupils dreaming. 14. All the happiness of my life depends on your loving me. 15. I don't feel like seeing him. 16. I insist on being told the truth. 17. I object to his borrowing money from you.18. I stretched out my hand to prevent her from falling. 19. He was afraid of waking her up. 20. I'm looking forward to going on holiday. 21. She congratulated herself on having thought of such a good idea.
Ex. 1.10 Translate into English using the gerund.
1. Благодарю вас, что вы прислали мне такие красивые цветы. 2. Его обвинили в том, что он продал важные государственные секреты. 3. Он отрицал, что продал их. 4. Он настаивал на том, что невиновен. 5. Он боялся, что его посадят в тюрьму. 6. Шум в соседней комнате мешал мне думать. 7. Я думаю о том, чтобы поехать на юг летом. 8. Мальчик отрицал, что его постоянно ругают и наказывают. 9. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы поговорить с ним. 10. Я с нетерпением ждал встречи с братом. 11. Мне что-то не хочется сегодня играть в лото. 12. Ей удалось сделать очень хороший перевод этого трудного текста.
Gerundial Constructions
Compare:
| Idon't mind opening the window. I don't mind his opening the window. |
| She did not object to doing the room. She did not object to my doing the room. |
| She insisted on being allowed to go home. She insisted on her son being allowed to go home. |
Ex. 2.1 Make up five sentences from each table.
| I | insisted on | my | going there. |
| He | looked forward to | his | being sent there. |
| She | thought of | her | coming back. |
| We | objected to | our | being given this task. |
| You | dreamed of | your | being invited to the party. |
| They | their | inviting to the party. |
| I | am | pleased with | my | behaving so. |
| He | is | sure of | your | having said it. |
| She | are | surprised at | his | having been praised. |
| We | was | proud of | our | playing so well. |
| You | were | their | being invited there. | |
| They | Jane's | having won the match. |
Ex. 2.2 Transform the subordinate clauses with the prepositions in brackets.
1. When they entered the house, they heard the last bell ringing. (on) 2. Thank you that you invited me to the theatre. (for) 3. The woman insisted that her husband should consult the doctor at once. (on) 4. She could not think that the operation might be postponed. (of) 5. There was little hope that James would return on the same day. (of) 6. The thought that he had been turned away by the doorkeeper made him feel miserable. (of) 7. The pleasant-faced middle-aged woman insisted that Olga should come to her town to teach. (on) 8. Helen suggested that they should go on a trip. 9. There is a possibility that my father will join us for the trip. (of) 10. The girls knew that the sportsman had been awarded a prize. (of) 11.I don't mind if you walk to the underground station with me.
Ex. 2.3 Combine the sentences using Gerundial Constructions.
Model: They lost the game. I am surprised at it. – I am surprised at their having lost the game.
1. Nick studies very well. His father is proud of it. 2. Kate failed in the examination. We are surprised at it. 3. He will come in time. I am sure of it. 4. She plays the piano very well. I am pleased with it. 5. Our football players won the match. We are proud of it. 6. They are here. I am surprised at it. 7. When you quarrel, I dislike it. 8. When you open the window I don't mind it. 9. When they dance, I enjoy it. 10. When he gets an excellent mark, his parents are pleased with it.
Ex. 2.4 Paraphrase the sentences using Gerundial Constructions.
Models: I want him to clean the floor. – I insist on his cleaning the floor. I don't want him
to be sent there. – I object to his being sent there.
1. I want Kate to recite this poem. 2. They wanted me to take part in the competition. 3. I don't want Jane to stay here alone. 4. The teacher wanted the pupils to do this exercise. 5. Mother did not want Mary to go to the cinema. 6. I don't want him to be elected a chairman. 7. I want her to be sent to the conference.
Ex. 2.5 Find gerundial constructions in the following sentences and state their syntactic function. Translate the sentences.
1. I will not stand your encouraging people as you do. 2. It was he who reported the fact of her being missing to the police. 3. There must be no chance of our being identified. 4. Will you give me a certificate of your being unable to go? 5. Forgive my saying it. 6. She spoke of my being an adopted son to her. 7. He thought of Jane's coming that night. 8. The editors were firmly in favour of impeaching the President. There was a talk of his resigning. 9. Reid's lips had stretched into a grin without his knowing it.
Ex. 2.6 Transform the following sentences using Gerundial Constructions with prepositions where necessary.
1. My teacher insists that I should read aloud every day. 2. Will Mary have anything against it if I take her umbrella for some time? 3. I remember that I have seen this picture somewhere. 4. That you are against John's proposaldoes not mean that I must decline it. 5. The fact that you took English lessons some years ago helps you in your studies now. 6. I am told that you are very busy. 7. Do you mind if I smoke here? 8. Will you object if I close the door? 9. Thank you that you did it. 10. Tom was afraid that he must be late. 11. Bill remembered that he had walked about the factory gate for months. 12. When the young man graduated from Harvard, he returned to Russia. 13. Mary asked John to forgive her that she had not answered his letter sooner. 14. After we had passed our exams, we had a very entertaining evening. 15. Michael remembered that he had enjoyed the trip to the Bahamas. 16. They gave up the idea that they would find work. 17. The girls were afraid that they might miss the train. 18. I am thankful that I have been given a chance to hear this outstanding singer.19. Helen insisted that she should be given this job. 20. I don’t remember that I have ever seen anyone dance like Plisetskaya.
Ex. 2.7 Translate into English using Gerundial Constructions.
1. Меня удивляет, что она делает так много орфографических ошибок. 2. Меня удивляет, что ты пропустил так много уроков. 3. Странно, что они проиграли матч. 4. Учитель был против того, чтобы мы сегодня пошли в кино. 5. Вы не возражаете, если я открою окно? 6. Я возражаю, чтобы этот вопрос обсуждался сегодня. 7. Он настаивал на том, чтобы все пришли завтра в 8 часов. 8. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы ее немедленно послали в санаторий. 9. Мы настаивали на том, чтобы этот дом был отремонтирован. 10. Успех нашей работы зависит от того, будете ли вы помогать нам. 11. Это зависит от того, будет ли открыт магазин. 12. Мы с нетерпением ждали, когда он вернется. 13. Она с нетерпением ждет, когда ее пригласят на вечер.
Ex. 2.8 Translate into English using the gerund.
1. Он думал о том, чтобы поступить в университет. 2. Он обвиняет меня в том, что я ему не помогаю. 3. Я не могу не чувствовать стыда. 4. Она не отрицает того, что живет в плохих условиях. 5. Продолжайте разговаривать. 6. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы сказать ему правду. 7. Они боялись опоздать на поезд. 8. Я не одобряю того, что ты играешь в компьютерные игры. 9. Мы оставили мысль о поездке за город. 10. Она бросила танцы. 11. Мама возражает против того, что я привожу в дом друзей. 12. Вы не возражаете, если я позвоню вам? 13. Она обвиняет его в том, что у нее нет денег. 14. Я не могу опаздывать на первый урок 15. Вы не возражаете, если я возьму вашу ручку? 16. Я не одобряю того, что вы играете в карты. 17. Его обвинили в том, что он ограбил дом. 18. Он бросил курить год назад. 19. Она боялась разговаривать с директором. 20. Мы оставили мысль когда-нибудь увидеть его. 21. Он обвинил нас в том, что мы к нему не пришли. 22. Мама возражает против того, что он читает в постели. 23. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы пригласить их. 24. Продолжайте обсуждать этот вопрос.
Irregular Verbs
| № | перевод | I форма | II форма | III форма | ||||||
| будить | awake | awoke | awoke | |||||||
| быть | be | was, were | been | |||||||
| рождать | bear | bore | borne, born | |||||||
| бить | beat | beat | beaten | |||||||
| становиться | become | became | become | |||||||
| начинать | begin | began | begun | |||||||
| гнуть | bend | bent | bent | |||||||
| держать пари | bet | bet | bet | |||||||
| связывать | bind | bound | bound | |||||||
| кусать | bite | bit | bitten | |||||||
| кровоточить | bleed | bled | bled | |||||||
| дуть, раздувать | blow | blew | blown | |||||||
| ломать | break | broke | broken | |||||||
| приносить | bring | brought | brought | |||||||
| строить | build | built | built | |||||||
| обжигать | burn | burnt, burned | burnt, burned | |||||||
| взрываться | burst | burst | burst | |||||||
| покупать | buy | bought | bought | |||||||
| бросать, кидать | cast | cast | cast | |||||||
| ловить | catch | caught | caught | |||||||
| выбирать | choose | chose | chosen | |||||||
| прилипать | cling | clung | clung | |||||||
| приходить | come | came | come | |||||||
| стоить | cost | cost | cost | |||||||
| ползать | creep | crept | crept | |||||||
| резать | cut | cut | cut | |||||||
| раздавать | deal | dealt | dealt | |||||||
| рыть | dig | dug | dug | |||||||
| делать | do | did | done | |||||||
| тянуть | draw | drew | drawn | |||||||
| мечтать | dream | dreamt, dreamed | dreamt,dreamed | |||||||
| пить | drink | drank | drunk | |||||||
| везти | drive | drove | driven | |||||||
| есть; питаться | eat | ate | eaten | |||||||
| падать | fall | fell | fallen | |||||||
| кормить | feed | fed | fed | |||||||
| чувствовать | feel | felt | felt | |||||||
| бороться | fight | fought | fought | |||||||
| находить | find | found | found | |||||||
| спас. бегством | flee | fled | fled | |||||||
| бросать | fling | flung | flung | |||||||
| лететь | fly | flew | flown | |||||||
| забывать | forget | forgot | forgotten | |||||||
| прощать | forgive | forgave | forgiven | |||||||
| замерзать | freeze | froze | frozen | |||||||
| получать | get | got | got; gotten | |||||||
| давать | give | gave | given | |||||||
| идти | go | went | gone | |||||||
| молоть | grind | ground | ground | |||||||
| расти | grow | grew | grown | |||||||
| 1) висеть, вешать; 2) вешать (казнить) | hang | hung, hanged | hung, hanged | |||||||
| иметь | have | had | had | |||||||
| слышать | hear | heard | heard | |||||||
| прятать | hide | hid | hidden, hid | |||||||
| ударять | hit | hit | hit | |||||||
| держать | hold | held | held | |||||||
| причинять боль | hurt | hurt | hurt | |||||||
| хранить | keep | kept | kept | |||||||
| стоять на коленях | kneel | knelt,kneeled | knelt, kneeled | |||||||
| знать | know | knew | known | |||||||
| класть | lay | laid | laid | |||||||
| руководить | lead | led | led | |||||||
| прыгать | leap | leapt, leaped | leapt, leaped | |||||||
| учить | learn | learnt, learned | learnt, learned | |||||||
| покидать | leave | left | left | |||||||
| позволять | let | let | let | |||||||
| лежать | lie | lay, lied | lain, lied | |||||||
| зажигать | light | lit, lighted | lit, lighted | |||||||
| терять | lose | lost | lost | |||||||
| делать | make | made | made | |||||||
| значит | mean | meant | meant | |||||||
| встречать | meet | met | met | |||||||
| ошибаться | mistake | mistook | mistaken | |||||||
| платить | pay | paid | paid | |||||||
| класть | put | put | put | |||||||
| читать | read | read | read | |||||||
| избавлять | rid | rid | rid | |||||||
| ехать | ride | rode | ridden | |||||||
| звонить | ring | rang | rung | |||||||
| подниматься | rise | rose | risen | |||||||
| бежать | run | ran | run | |||||||
| говорить | say | said | said | |||||||
| видеть | see | saw | seen | |||||||
| искать, разыскивать | seek | sought | sought | |||||||
| продавать | sell | sold | sold | |||||||
| посылать | send | sent | sent | |||||||
| помещать | set | set | set | |||||||
| трясти | shake | shook | shaken | |||||||
| брить | shave | shaved | shaved | |||||||
| сиять | shine | shone | shone | |||||||
| стрелять | shoot | shot | shot | |||||||
| показывать | show | showed | shown | |||||||
| закрывать | shut | shut | shut | |||||||
| петь | sing | sang | sung | |||||||
| тонуть | sink | sank | sunk | |||||||
| сидеть; заседать | sit | sat | sat | |||||||
| спать | sleep | slept | slept | |||||||
| скользить | slide | slid | slid | |||||||
| нюхать | smell | smelt | smelt | |||||||
| говорить | speak | spoke | spoken | |||||||
| спешить | speed | sped | sped | |||||||
| писать или произносить слово по буквам | spell | spelt | spelt | |||||||
| тратить | spend | spent | spent | |||||||
| проливать | spill | spilt | spilt | |||||||
| крутить | spin | spun | spun | |||||||
| моросить | spit | spat | spat | |||||||
| раскалывать | split | split | split | |||||||
| распространять | spread | spread | spread | |||||||
| прыгать | spring | sprang | sprung | |||||||
| стоять; ставить | stand | stood | stood | |||||||
| красть | steal | stole | stolen | |||||||
| втыкать | stick | stuck | stuck | |||||||
| мучить, терзать | sting | stung | stung | |||||||
| шагать | stride | strode | stridden | |||||||
| ударять | strike | struck | struck | |||||||
| ругать | swear | swore | sworn | |||||||
| сметать;мчаться | sweep | swept | swept | |||||||
| раздуваться | swell | swelled | swollen | |||||||
| плыть, плавать | swim | swam | swum | |||||||
| качать | swing | swung | swung | |||||||
| брать | take | took | taken | |||||||
| учить, | teach | taught | taught | |||||||
| рвать | tear | tore | torn | |||||||
| говорить | tell | told | told | |||||||
| думать | think | thought | thought | |||||||
| бросать, кидать | throw | threw | thrown | |||||||
| толкать; тыкать | thrust | thrust | thrust | |||||||
| понимать | understand | understood | understood | |||||||
| расстраивать | upset | upset | upset | |||||||
| просыпаться | wake | woke] | woken | |||||||
| носить | wear | wore | worn | |||||||
| плакать, рыдать | weep | wept | wept | |||||||
| выиграть | win | won | won | |||||||
| виться | wind | wound | wound | |||||||
| писать | write | wrote | written | |||||||