How to Translate Different Forms of Participles into Russian.
| Формы причастия | Определение (переводится причастием) | Обстоятельство (деепричастием или обстоятельственным оборотом) |
| reading having read being read having been read read | читающий --- читаемый --- прочитанный | читая прочитав будучи читаемым будучи прочитанным когда прочитали |
Ex.1.1 Translate the following Participles into English.
Приносящий, принесенный, принося, принеся, переводящий, переведенный, переводя, переведя, написав, читающий, берущий, данный, прочитав, сделанный, пьющий, сказанный, будучи потерянным, нарисовав, написавший, делая, взятый, взяв, рисуя, выпитый, сделав, идя, пишущий, прочитанный, дав, рисующий, делающий, делаемый, нарисованный, выпив, говорящий, беря, написанный, читая, идущий, дающий, сказав, сидевший, посмотрев, будучи забыт, строящий, строящийся, играя, поиграв, рассказанный, рассказавший, рассказываемый, видя, принесший, будучи принесенным, построенный, продав.
Ex. 1.2 Choose the proper form of the Participles in brackets.
1. a) We listened to the girls (singing, sung) Russian folk songs.
b) We listened to the Russian folk songs (singing, sung) by the girls.
2. a) The girl (washing, washed) the floor is my sister.
b) The floor (washing, washed) by Helen looked very clean.
3. a) Who is that boy (doing, done) his homework at that table?
b) The exercises (doing, done) by the students were easy.
4. a) The house (surrounding,surrounded) by tall trees is very beautiful.
b) The wall (surrounding, surrounded) the house was very high.
5. a) The girl (writing, written) on the blackboard is our best pupil.
b) Everything (writing, written) here is quite right.
6. The sentences (being translated, translated) now are easier than previous ones.
7. Name some places (visiting, visited) by you last year.
8. I picked up the pencil (lying, lain) on the floor.
9. She was reading the book (buying, bought) the day before.
10. Yesterday we were at a conference (organizing, organized) by the pupils of the 10th form.
11. (Taking, taken) the girl by the hand, she led her across the street.
12. It was not easy to find the (losing, lost) stamp.
13. I will show you a picture (painting, painted) by Hogarth.
14. Here is the letter (receiving, received) by me yesterday.
15. His hat (blowing, blown) off by the wind was lying in the middle of the street.
16. (Done, having done) all the tasks he could leave the office.
Ex. 1.3 Put the verb in brackets into Present Participle or Perfect Participle in Active or Passive Voice.
1. (to live) in the south of our country, he cannot enjoy the beauty of St. Petersburg's White Nights in summer. 2. (to talk) to her neighbour in the street, she did not notice how a thief stole her money. 3. (to read) the story, she closed the book and put it on the shelf. 4. (to buy) some juice and cakes, we went home. 5. (to sit) near the fire, he felt very warm. 6. (to do) his homework, he was thinking hard. 7. (to do) his homework, he went for a walk. 8. (to sell) fruit, he looked back from time to time, hoping to see his friends. 9. (to sell) all the fruit, he went to see his friend. 10. (to eat) all the potatoes, she drank a cup of tea. 11. (to drink) tea, she scalded her lips. 12. (to run) in the yard, I fell and hurt my knee. 13. (to look) through some magazines, I came across an interesting article about UFOs. 14. (to write) out and (to learn) all the new words, he was able to translate the text easily. 15. (to write) in very bad handwriting, the letter was difficult to read. 16. She looked at the enormous bunch of roses with a happy smile, never (to give) such a wonderful present. 17. (to translate) by a good specialist, the story preserved all the sparkling humour of the original. 18. (to approve) by the critics, the young author's story was accepted by a thick magazine.
Ex. 1.4 Translate the sentences into Russian. State the function of the Participle.
1. Being very ill,she could not go to school. 2. The first rays of the rising sun lit up the top of the hill. 3. The tree struck by lightning was all black and leafless. 4. Being busy, he postponed his trip. 5. The door bolted on the inside could not be opened. 6. Having been shown the wrong direction, the travellers soon lost their way. 7. The room facing the garden is much more comfortable than this one. 8. Having descended the mountain they heard a man calling for help. 9. Flushed and excited, the boy came running to his mother. 10. He stood watching the people who were coming down the street shouting and waving their hands. 11. The boy lay sleeping when the doctor came. 12. The broken arm was examined by the doctor. 13. While being examined, the boy could not help crying. 14. Having prescribed the medicine, the doctor went away. 15. The medicine prescribed by the doctor was bitter. 16. The dress bought at the department store was very beautiful. 17. While using a needle you should be careful not to prick your finger. 18. While crossing the street one should first look to the left and then to the right. 19. People watching a performance are called an audience. 20. Blown by the wind the trees all lean toward the south.
Ex. 1.5 Transform the boldfaced sentences using Participles.
1.When he was running across the yard,he fell. 2. When I was going home yesterday,I kept thinking about my friend. 3. He put on his coat, went out and looked at the cars which were passing by.4. She closed the book, put it aside and looked at the children who were running about in the yard.5.As the book was translated into Russian,it could be read by everybody. 6. As we were given dictionaries,we managed to translate the article easily. 7. As soon as I have done my homework,I will go for a walk. 8. When he had left the house and was crossing the street,he suddenly stopped as he remembered that he had forgotten to phone his friend. 9. As he had long lived in those parts and knew the place very well,he could easily find his way to the marketplace. 10. After I had written this exercise,I began to doubt whether it was correct. 11. Take care when you cross the street.12. Students should always be attentive while they are listening to the lecturer.13. There are many students who study music.14.When he arrived at the railway station,he bought a ticket, walked to the platform and boarded the train. 15.As he was promised help,he felt quieter.
Ex. 1.6 State the form and the function of Participle I or II. Translate into Russian.
1. Having travelled seven hundred miles he was now going toward the border of the United States. 2. There was a tiny smile playing about the corners of his mouth. 3. He had a beautiful old house in Queen Anne Street, and being a man of taste he had furnished it admirably. 4. Judging him by his figure and his movements, he was still young. 5. Being very tired with his walk however, he soon fell asleep and forgot his troubles. 6. There were four girls sitting on the wooden benches at the agency's front room. 7. Having shaken hands with them, he brought his own hands together with a sharp slap. 8. Manuel went in, carrying his suitcase. 9. I am going to Rome, having friends there. 10. There was sunlight coming in through the shutters. 11. Abraham appeared at noon the next day, bringing with him two hundred dollars in cash. 12. Cecilia had heard very little being absorbed in her own reflections. 13. She recrossed her legs comfortably, as though preparing for a long session on the sofa. 14. Stirred by the beauty of the twilight, he strolled away from the hotel. 15. All the country near him was broken and wooded. 16. He spoke when spoken to, politely and without much relevance. 17. Thus absorbed, he would sit for hours defying interruption. 18. He looked at her for a moment as though amazed at her friendliness. 19. He bowed low when presented to Dinny. 20. Displeased and uncertain Brande gazed from his son to the Spanish gardener.
Ex. 1.7 Translate into English using the proper form of Participles.
1. Артистка, рассказывающая детям сказки по радио, знаменита на всю страну. 2. Ребенок всегда с интересом слушает сказки, рассказываемые няней. 3. Рассказывая детям сказки, она говорит разными голосами, имитируя героев сказок. 4. Сказка, рассказанная няней, произвела на ребенка большое впечатление. 5. Рассказав ребенку сказку, она пожелала ему спокойной ночи. 6. Моя бабушка, рассказавшая мне эту сказку, живет в маленьком домике на берегу озера.