Ex. 6. Put the verbs in brackets into gerund or infinitive

1. I used (ride) a lot but I haven't had a chance (do) any since (come) here. ~ I ride sometimes. Would you like (come) with me next time? 2. Most people prefer (spend) money to (earn) it. 3. I resented (be) unjustly accused and asked him (apologize). 4. It isn't good for children (eat) too many sweets. 5. I didn't feel like (work) so I suggested (spend) the day in the garden. 6. Why do you keep (look) back? Are you afraid of (be) followed? 7. Do you remember (post) the letter? ~ Yes, I do; I posted it in the letter-box near my gate. 8. Did you remember (lock) the door? ~ No, I didn't. I'd better (go) back and (do) it now. 9. You still have a lot (learn) if you'll forgive my (say) so. 10. It's no use (try) (interrupt) him. You'll have (wait) till he stops (talk). 11. I'm for (do) nothing till the police arrive. They don't like you (move) anything when a crime has been committed. 12. He didn't like (leave) the children alone in the house but he had no alternative as he had (go) out to work. 13. Why didn't you drink it?- I didn't like (drink) it as I didn't know what it was. 14. I'm very sorry for (be) late. It was good of you (wait) for me. 15. I keep (try) (make) mayonnaise but I never succeed. ~ Try (add) the yolk of a hard-boiled egg. 16. Do you feel like (go) to a film or would you rather (stay) at home? 17. She told me (look) through her correspondence and (take) out any letters that you had written her. I didn't like (look) through someone else's letters but I had (do) as she said. 18. He took to (get up) early and (walk) noisily about the house. 19. I liked (listen) to folk music much better than (listen) to pop. 20. The car began (make) an extraordinary noise so I stopped (see) what it was. 21. You'll never regret (do) a kind action. 22. He decided (put) broken glass on top of his wall (prevent) boys (climb) over it. 23. He annoyed me very much by (take) the piece of cake that I was keeping (eat) after my supper. 24. He kept (ring) up and (ask) for an explanation and she didn't know what (do) about him. 25. We got tired of (wait) for the weather (clear) and finally decided (set) out in the rain. 26. He made me (repeat) his instructions (make) sure that I understood what I was (do) after he had gone. 27. I suggest (leave) the car here and (send) a breakdown van (tow) it to the garage. 28. She apologized for (borrow) my sewing-machine without (ask) permission and promised never (do) it again. 29. I didn't mean (offend) anyone but somehow I succeeded in (annoy) them all. 30. She claimed (be able) (tell) the future by (gaze) into her crystal ball. 31. He never thinks of (get) out of your way; he expects you (walk) round him. 32. You don't need (ask) his permission every time you want (leave) the room. 33. The police accused him of (set) fire to the building but he denied (have been) in the area on the night of the fire. 34. I left my door open. Why didn't you walk in? ~ I didn't like (go) in when you weren't there. 35. It's much better (go) to a hairdresser than (try) (save) time by (cut) your own hair. 36. I'd rather (earn) my living by (scrub) floors than (make) money by (blackmail) people.

4.3. Причастие / Participle

The participle is a non-finite form of the verb which has verbal and adjectival or adverbial features.

English verbs have two participles: the present participle (typing, writing) and the past participle (typed, written).

Participles have some qualities of verbs and are used in the formation of the continuous, perfect and perfect continuous tenses (he is typing; he has written a letter).

Participles have some qualities of adjectives and are used as attributes in a sentence (a smiling girl; surprised faces).

Participles are also used in the function of adverbial modifiers (he opened the door, smiling; surprised, he didn't know what to say).

A participle construction, that is, a participle together with the words closely connected with it, can function as an attribute (the girl sitting at the table) or as an adverbial modifier (standing by the window, she watched the birds). Participle constructions (participial constructions) are usually called "participial phrases" or "participial clauses" in English grammar materials.

Participle I

The present participle is formed by adding "ing" to the base form of the verb: flying, playing, running, sleeping, working.

Participle I has four forms:

	Active	Passive
Indefinite	doing	being done
Perfect	having done	having been done

The tense distinctions of Participle I are not absolute; they are relative. Indefinite forms of Participle I denote actions simultaneous with those expressed by the finite verbs or actions referring to no particular time.

Perfect forms of Participle I denote actions prior to those expressed by the finite verbs.

Participle I of transitive verbs has active and passive forms to denote the meaning of the active and the passive voice.

Participle II

Regular verbs form the past participle by adding "ed" to the base form of the verb: moved, played, stopped, typed.

Irregular verbs form the past participle mostly by changing the root of the word: broken, flown, read, sold, taken, written.

Participle II has only one form. It has no tense or voice distinctions. Only Participle II of transitive verbs and of verbs denoting passing into a new state can be used in an independent function in a sentence. Participle II of transitive verbs has a passive meaning.

The adjectival and adverbial features of the Participle are manifested in the syntactic functions typical of the Adjective and of the Adverb.

The verbal features of the Participle are manifested in the forms of Participle I having tense and voice distinctions. Besides, Participle I of transitive verbs can take a direct object and both Participles can be modified.