Press and broadcasting in Great Britain
Робота з текстами.
Read and translate the texts.
Text1: My favourite painting is March by Levitan.The works of Isaac Ilyich Levitan belong to the highest achievements of Russian culture. Their significance is compared with the works of such classics as Anton Chekhov, Pyotr Tchaikovsky and Konstantin Stanislavsky. Levitan was born in 1860 in a poor but educated Jewish family. In the late 1860s, the family moved to Moscow, where Isaac studied at the Moscow School of Painting and Sculpture from 1873 till 1883. He lost his mother in 1875 and his father two years later. He was left penniless and homeless in Moscow, sleeping alternately in the homes of relatives and friends, sometimes spending the night in the empty classrooms of the school. A night watch took pity on the youth and let him sleep in his cubicle. The School waived his tuition fee “because of extreme poverty and in recognition of his singular success in art”. The greatest role in the forming of Levitan’s creative personality belongs to his favorite teacher Alexey Savrasov, the most lyrical among Russian landscape painters of the 1860s-1870s, who influenced many well-known artists of Levitan’s generation – Mikhail Nesterov, Constantin Korovin and others. Of course, Levitan’s passionate love for poetry and music, his persistent studying of pleine-air, the sunny paintings of Vasiliy Polenov were of great importance for the young artist. Levitan submitted all the influences to his personality, and even his early works are very individual. Levitan’s attitude towards nature and the poetry of his art were in many points akin to the works of Anton Chekhov, who became his friend from the late 1870s. In 1897, Levitan felt sick, a severe cardiac disease was revealed. Nevertheless he worked with a particular intensity and inspiration. His latest works are distinguished by a confident mastership, richness of technical methods, and new stylistic trends. To the very end of his life Levitan took an active part in artistic life; he taught at the Moscow School of Painting, where he had been educated, took part in organizing the Moscow Club of Literature and Art, showed his pictures at numerous exhibitions of such associations as World of Art and Munich Secession. The picture March appeals to me because it is full of sun light and warmth. Nature is awakening from its winter sleep. The painter uses bright and festive colours. Looking at it I feel joy and excitement.
Text 2: My favourite picture is the Girl with Peaches by Valentin Serov. He was born in 1865. His father was a well-known composer and the boy grew up in the atmosphere of creative activity. His first art teacher was Repin, who noticed that the boy could catch the likeness of a model often more quickly and surely than other artists. Later Serov studied at the Academy of Fine Arts and graduated from it when he was 20. For several years he taught at Moscow School of Painting Sculpture and Architecture. He painted almost 700 canvases, though, unfortunately his life was not very long – he died in 1911. He was a brilliant landscape painter, he created genre scenes, but he is mostly remembered as a portraitist. The list of his portraits reads as “who-is-who” in Russian culture of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He painted Savva Mamontov, Konstantin Korovin, Ilya Repin, Isaak Levitan, Nikolai Lescov and others. And practically all his portraits are excellent from the technical point of view – the colours, the composition, but there is more than that – they show people’s personality. Even though the portraits account for at least 80% of Serov's works, he also painted landscapes, for instance Autumn evening(1886), Pine Trees (1890), Autumn (1892), October (1895), and Haystacks (1901), genre scenes: Woman in a Cart (1896), In the Winter (1898), Woman with a Horse (1898),historical canvases devoted to Peter the Great: Young Peter Hunting with Dogs (1902),Peter the First (1907), Elizabeth Departing on a Hunt (1912), Peter the Great at the Work Site (1910-11), Peter in Monplaisir (1911), illustrations to Krylov's fables. The Girl with Peaches isthe portrait of Vera Mamontova. The painting seems quite ordinary, but one can notice the play of light and shade in the picture. We can feel the atmosphere of a sunny summer day. The picture is full of life and joy. I like looking at it when I feel sad as it makes me forget about my problems.
Textt 3: I like the paintings by Monet and one of my favourites is WaterLilies. As an Impressionist, Monet's canvases were painted spontaneously. In fact, Monet studied his subjects intently, planned his paintings, and worked hard to achieve his results. He often painted a series of the same subject to capture the changing effects of the light, swapping canvases as the day progressed. Monet used quite a limited palette, banishing browns and earth colors and, by 1886, black had also disappeared. Water Lilies is in the collection of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco. Monet is perhaps the most famous of the Impressionists, especially for his paintings of the reflections in the lily pond at his Giverny garden. This particular painting, shows a tiny bit of cloud in the top right-hand corner, and the mottled blues of the sky as reflected in the water. If you study photos of Monet's garden, such as this one of Monet's lily pond and this one of lily flowers, and compare them to this painting, you'll get a feeling for how Monet reduced detail in his painting, including only the essence of the seen, or the impression of the reflection, water, and lily flower. The French poet Paul Claudel said: "Thanks to water, Monet has become the painter of what we cannot see. He addresses that invisible spiritual surface that separates light from reflection. Airy azure captive of liquid azure ... Color rises from the bottom of the water in clouds, in whirlpools."
2. Test ‘Are You an Expert in Painting?’
You are going to have a short quiz on painting to test your knowledge in this field. Your task is to read the question and to choose the right answer. Let’s start.
1.A famousEnglish artist who painted “The Blue Boy”.
A. Sir Joshua Reynolds B. Thomas Gainsborough C. J. M. W. Turner
2 
.What is the title of this painting by John Singer Sargent?
A.“Madame Montpellier” B.“Mrs. Smith” C. “Madame X”
3.Where can you see “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci?
A.in the Tretyakov Gallery B. in the Louvre C. In the British Museum
4.Who painted “Girl on a Ball”?
A.Pablo Picasso B.Vincent Van Gogh C.Titian
5.What is represented in the picture?
A.the Pushkin Museum of Fine Art B.the National Galley C. Freer Gallery of Arts
6.Where is Tate Gallery?
A 
.in London B.in Paris C.In New York
7.What is the title of this painting by Brulov?
A.“The End of the World” B.“Judgement Day” C.“The Last Day of Pompeii”
8.How do we call a picture representing an arrangement of objects, especially flowers and fruit?
A 
.portrait B.landscape C.still life
9.What is the title of this painting by Peter Paul Rubens?
A.“The Union of Earth and Water” B.“The Harmony of Earth and Water” C.“The Beauty of Earth and Water”
10.Where can you see “Madonna and Child” by Leonardo da Vinci?
A.in the Hermitage B.in the British Museum C.in the Louvre
Робота з текстом.
Your task will be to read the text about a famous painting by a well-known English artist Thomas Gainsborough and to put in the missing words.
“ 
Portrait of Duchess Beaufort”.
Thomas Gainsborough (1727-1788) was an (1) … English painter. He was a brilliant (2) … The artist’s deep psychological (3) … enabled him to impart a poetic (4) … of the individuality. Gainsborough’s “Portrait of Duchess Beaufort” is an outstanding (5) …The artist (6) … a graceful and attractive young woman. Her rather pale complexion is contrasted by the dark colour of the (7) … The artist (8) … the face by a little colour on her cheeks. Her greyish hair is combed very high and fastened with a comb and a blue ribbon, as was (9) … in those days. The portrait is painted in (10) … colours (black, blue, grey, white). The woman’s parted lips, (11) … glance and graceful gesture of her hand help to create a true impression of the sitter’s (12) … and optimism.
work of art, outstanding, depicts, expression, fashion, portraitist, fleeting, vitality, background, cold, approach, enlivens
Работа с кросвордом.
I offer you to solve the crossword in order to remember some key-words on the theme “Painting”.
Across.
1.Someone who produces art, especially paintings or drawings.
4. The area that is behind the main thing in a picture.
5. A picture showing an area of countryside or land.
6. A painting of a person.
7. An object that you use for painting, made with a lot of hairs, bristles, or thin pieces of plastic fastened to a handle.
9. A painting done with oil paints, or the piece of cloth it is painted on.
10. A small amount of a particular colour.
11. A work of art that is of very high quality or that is the best that a particular artist has produced.
Down.
2. Someone who uses impressionism in his paintings.
3. A large building where people can see famous pieces of art.
8. Someone who sits or stands while someone else paints them.
12. A wooden frame that you put a painting on while you paint it.
Шановні студенти!
Виконавши дані завдання, ви розширите знання по темі «Засоби масової інформації», вивчите нову лексику, дізнаєтеся про ЗМІ в Україні та Великобританії, підвищите загальний культурний розвиток.
Ви повинні:знати лексико-граматичний мінімум по темі «Засоби масової інформації». уміти працювати самостійно, перекладати автентичні тексти, давати відповіді на запитання, бути уважним до інформації і вміти її використовувати , використовувати лексику в повсякденному спілкуванні.
За будь-якою інформацією стосовно виконання завдань звертайтесь:
м.т. 0664912617
електронна адреса [email protected]
сторінка в ВК https://vk.com/id236680296
Бажаю успіху!
MASS MEDIA IN UKRAINE, GREAT BRITAIN
EX. 1. Match the following English words with their Russian/Ukrainian equivalents:
Part I
| 1) mass media | а) жалобы/скарги |
| 2) periodicals | b)беспристрастность,справедливость/ безсторонність, справедливість, неупередженість |
| 3) free distribution | c) независимый/незалежний |
| 4) advertising | d) вмешательство в личную жизнь/втручання в особисте життя |
| 5) ethnic minorities | e) средства массовой информации/засоби масової інформації |
| 6) libel | і) периодичные издания/періодичні видання |
| 7) censorship | g) предотвращение/запобігання |
| 8) independent | h) бесплатное распространение/безкоштовне розповсюдження |
| 9) complaints | і) реклама/реклама |
| 10) intrusion into privacy | j) цензу pa/цензура |
| 11) impartiality | к) клевета/наклеп |
| 12) prevention | 1) этнические меньшинства/етнічні меншості |
| 13) competition | m) беспристрастная информация/безстороння, неупереджена інформація |
| 14) choice | n) подписка/передплата |
| 15) satellite TV | о) телевизионная сеть/телевізійна мережа |
| 16) pastime | р) текущие собьітия/еучасні події |
| 17) programme content | q) времяпрепровождение/проведения часу |
| 18.) controversy | r) соперничество, соревнование/суперництво, змагання |
| 19) circulation | s) содержание программ/зміст програм |
| 20) TV network | t) вьібор/вибір |
| 21) unbiased information | u) спутниковое телевидение/супутникове телебачення |
| 22) subscription | v) обращение/звернення |
| 23) current news | w) противоречие/суперечність |
EX. 2. Which is the odd word in each group and why?
1) local newspaper magazine weekly
2) radio press television news
3) view opinion circulation comment
4) politician publisher editor journalist
5) popularity public audience readers
EX. 3. Read the text and answer the questions given below it:
Mass media in Ukraine
Ukrainian mass media, which include press, radio and television, are independent, and the state guarantees their economic independence. There are more than 4,000 periodical editions in Ukraine now, and new radio and TV channels, newspapers and magazines appear practically every year.
The role of mass media in our everyday life is enormous. Where do we get most of the news? From TV or radio news programmes, or from newspapers. What forms public opinion? Mass media. So they bear great responsibility and should always give truthful and unbiased information to their readers and viewers.
In Ukraine there are several information agencies that supply the population of the country with the latest news. These agencies are: the «UKRINFORM» - « Ukrainian National Information Agency», the «UNIAR» - «The Ukrainian Independent Information Agency «Respublica», the UN IAN - the Ukrainian Independent News Agency Interfax- Ukraina» and some others. These agencies have reporters in every administrative region of our country and in all major foreign countries. They collect most interesting and important information for the readers of newspapers and magazines and for the TV viewers.
There are newspapers and magazines for the readers of all ages and professions, with different interests, tastes and hobbies. For example, those who are interested in politics can read the newspapers «Day», «Today», «Facts», «Grany», «Kyivsky Vidomosty». In these newspapers the readers can also find information about home affairs, culture and sports. These publications deal with the burning problems of our present life and history, and at the same time there you can find amusing stories, crosswords and puzzles that can entertain you in your spare time. Enthusiastic sports fans of Ukraine like the newspapers «Sportyvna Gazeta» and «Komanda» (The Team»). There is a special newspaper for those who live in the country and are interested in farming - «Silske Zhutya» («The Rural Life»). Doctors, nurses and people who are interested in medicine prefer reading the «Médical Newspaper». There are also magazines for businessmen and businesswomen, for scientists and gardeners, etc. Those who like to learn about the new publications in literature can read the magazines «Dnipro» and «Vsesvit». Teachers have their own newspaper «Vchitelska Gazeta», and specialists of different subjects can buy journals in their special fields. Young people like to read the newspapers «Kosa», «Artmozaica», «Telenedelya» and others.
Some people buy newspapers and magazines every day, others prefer to subscribe to them, and in this case these periodicals are delivered to their homes. Payment for a subscription to newspapers and magazines is accepted at every post-office.
Ukrainian learners of English can find a lot of interesting information in the newspapers and magazines published in English-«Kyiv Post», «News from Ukraine», «Digest».
Some magazines are published every month, and they are called monthlies; if they are published every 3 months, they are called quarterlies. Newspapers are usually published daily or weekly.
Television and radio networks in Ukraine are divided into government-run companies and private TV and radio companies. The State TV and Radio Company operates two channels and includes editorial services that specialize in political analysis, socio-political programmes, current information, youth and sports programmes. Private channels tend to broadcast music and news programmes, a lot of advertising and talk shows.
Answer the following questions about your family and yourself.
1. Does your family subscribe to any newspapers or magazines?
If yes, which?
2. Do all the members of your family read newspapers and magazines? Do they have any preferences?
3. Do your friends and acquaintances prefer to subscribe to periodicals or buy them in the news-stands/ news agents?
4. If you read a newspaper or a magazine, do you begin reading from the very first page or from your favourite sections?
5. Do you have a favourite TV channel? What attracts you in it?
Does it have any specialisation, like a music channel?
6. If you are listening to your favourite radio music channel, are you irritated when the music is interrupted by news?
7. Do you like to read gossip in the celebrity columns? Do you think that it is an intrusion into privacy?
8. What is your opinion about advertising in mass media? Do you like it? Is it necessary?
9. Some people say that they prefer not to watch or listen to the news programmes and not to read newspapers because they feel very many negative emotions afterwards? What is your opinion?
10. If you were offered a choice to watch TV, to listen to the radio, to read a book or a magazine or newspaper, which would you prefer and why?
EX. 4. Read the following text and do the True/False activity that follows it:
Press and broadcasting in Great Britain.
Great Britain is really a newspaper reading nation. More national and regional daily newspapers are sold in Britain than in most other developed countries. National newspapers have a total circulation of 14.2 million on weekdays and 16.2 mln on Sundays. There are about 130 daily and Sunday newspapers, over 2,000 weekly newspapers and some 7,000 periodical publications. There are also more than 750 free distribution newspapers, mostly weekly and financed by advertising, and some 60 newspapers and magazines produced by members of the ethnic minorities. The press is free to comment on matters of public interest, subject to law (including that of libel). There is no state control or censorship of the press, which caters for a variety of political views, interests and levels of education. Newspapers are almost always financially independent of any political party. None of the main political parties own or publish daily newspapers. There is a Press Complaints Commission which deals with complaints by members of the public and provides a more effective press self-regulation and prevention intrusion into privacy.
All the national newspapers use computer technology, and its use in the provincial press is increasing.
Twelve national morning daily papers (5 «qualities» and 7 «populars») are available in most parts of Britain.
Broadcasting
British Broadcasting has traditionally been based on the principle that it is a public service accountable to the people through Parliament. It also embraces the principle of competition and choice. Three public bodies are responsible for television and radio services in Britain:
a) the BBC - the British Broadcasting Corporation which broadcasts television and radio services;
b) the ITC - the Independent Television Commission which licenses and regulates the non-BBC TV services, including cable and satellite services;
c) the Radio Authority which lisenses and regulates all non-BBC radio services.
Television viewing is Britain's most popular leisure pastime: practically all households have TV sets and most have video recorders.
The Government is not responsible for programme content, nor for broadcasters' day-to-day conduct of business. The independence of broadcasters requires them to maintain certain standards: programmes must display a proper balance and wide range of subject matter, and impartiality in matters of controversy. They must not offend good taste.
The BBC has two national TV channels and five radio services. It also broadcasts in 37 different languages of the world and its audience is about 120mln people.
Decide whether the following statements about the text you have read are true or false:
1. British people read more newspapers than people in the USA.
2. All newspapers in Britain are sold and bought.
3. Practically each ethnic minority in Britain publish their newspaper.
4. Libel in mass media is persecuted by law.
5. Both newspapers and TV broadcasting are censored by the state.
6. Practically all British major political parties publish their own newspapers.
7. The Press Complaints Commission is concerned with the prevention of intrusion into privacy.
8. All activities of the BBC are based on the principles of choice andfree competition.
9. A Special Government commission is responsible for the content of the programmes and impartiality in matters of controversy.