Waiting; appointment; would; somebody; see; afraid; kind; sorry

Receptionist: Good morning.

Caroline: Good morning. I’ve come to …………… Mrs Kerr.

Receptionist: Have you got an …………………….. ?

Caroline: ……………………………………….?

Receptionist: Have you arranged to see Mrs Kerr?

Caroline: No, I’m ………………… not. Is it inconvenient?

Receptionist: Well, she’s with …………………….. at the moment. If you don’t mind ……………….. , I’ll ask her if she can see you.

Caroline: That’s very …………….. kind of you.

Receptionist: …………….. you like some coffee while you wait?

Grammar notes

Модальный глагол mustвыражает долженствование, обязанность, необходимость. Данный глагол имеет только одну форму настоящего времени, не изменяется ни по лицам, ни по числам. Следующий за модальным глаголом инфинитив употребляется без частицы to.

I must do the filing. Я должен подшить документы.

· Вопросительная форма образуется путём постановки модального глагола перед подлежащим.

Must I do the filing? Я должен подшивать документы?

· Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи отрицательной частицы not,которая ставится после модального глагола.

She must not (mustn’t) leave the office. Она не должна покидать кабинет.

Эквивалентом модального глагола mustявляются сочетания to have to, to have got to,которые выражают значение необходимости, вызванной обстоятельствами, показывают, что лицо, обозначенное подлежащим, вынуждено выполнить действие.

I can’t play tennis with you Я не могу играть сейчас с вами в

right now, I have to (haveтеннис, мне нужно готовить уроки.

got to) do my homework.

· Для образования вопроса или отрицания с данным сочетанием используется вспомогательный глагол настоящего простого времени do (does).

Do I have to do it now? Мне нужно это сделать сейчас?

You don’t have to go there now. Нет необходимости идти сейчас туда.

Exercise 118

Complete the sentences using must. Use the phrases in the list.

Close the door behind you Go to medical school Have a driver’s license Have a library card Have a passport Listen to English on the radio and TV Make new friends who speak English Take one pill every six hours

Pay an income tax Read English newspapers and magazines Speak English outside of class every day Stop Study harder Talk to myself in English

1. According to the law, a driver ………………………………………….

2. If a traffic light is red, a car……………………………………………

3. If you want to check a book out of the library, you ……………………

4. Nancy has a job in Chicago. She earns a good salary. According to the law, she ………………………………………………………………

5. I failed the last two tests in my biology class. According to my professor, I ……………………………………………………………

6. I want to travel abroad. According to the law, I ………………………..

7. If you want to become a doctor, you …………………………………

8. John’s doctor gave him a prescription. According to the directions on the bottle, John …………………………………………………………

9. Jimmy, it’s cold outside! When you come inside, you …………………

10. I want to improve my English. According to my teacher, I …………….

Exercise 119

Use “have to / has to”. Use “because”.

1. go downtown / buy some new shoes – I have to go downtown because I have to buy some new shoes.

2. go shopping / get a new coat

3. go to the post office / mail a package

4. stay home tonight / study grammar

5. go to the hospital / visit a friend

6. go to the bank / cash a check

7. go downtown / to go to the immigration office

8. go to the bookstore / buy a notebook

Exercise 120

Complete the sentences.

1. A: Jack can’t join us tonight.

B: Why not?

A: (he, work) He has to work.

B: (he, work) Does he have to work tomorrow night too?

2. A: Why (you, go) ………… to the library later tonight?

B: (I, find) ………………… some information for my research paper.

3. A: It’s almost 4.30. What time (Sue, leave for) …………………the airport?

B: Around 5. (she, be) ………………………. at the airport at 6.15.

4. A: Why did you go to the bookstore after classes yesterday?

B: (I, buy)…………………colored pencils.

A: Oh, why (you, buy)…………………colored pencils?

B: I need them for my drawings.

5. A: what time (you, be) ……………………….. at the dentist’s office?

B: Three. I have a three o’clock appointment.

Exercise 121

Helen often forgets to do things. This is her list of things to do today.

Remember!

· Send a telex to New York

· phone Mr Parker

· write to Mr Jones

· order the stationery

· type a letter to Miss Negus

· photocopy the report

· do the filing

· make an appointment to see Chris Foord

· give the order to Simon

In pairs, talk about the things she must do, like this:

A.: What must she do?

What has she to do?

B.: She has to

She must send a telex to New York.

Exercise 122

Read the following dialogue. Decde whether the statements are true or false

Sue: I’ve got to go to a meeting. I must telephone John before I go. You have to stay here.

Bill: Okay. Wait! You’ve got to take the report with you.

Sue: Why? Have I got to present it at the meeting?

Bill: No, but Fred wants it today. He said he must have it.

1. It is not necessary for Sue to go to the meeting. …..

2. She has to telephone John. …..

3. Bill has to go to the meeting. …..

4. It is not necessary for Sue to take the report. …..

5. She must present the report to the meeting. …..

6. Fred thinks it is not necessary for him to have the report. …..

Exercise 123

Make the sentences below negative.

1. We have to design new products.

2. Companies must pay a minimum wage.

3. We have to meet health and safety regulations.

4. Our competitors have to reduce their prices.

5. We’ve got to advertise in national newspapers.

Exercise 124

Nordic Business, a newspaper, wrote a report on a successful Danish company, Larssen S.A. Here the chairman of the company, Bo Johannessen, writes a letter to the newspaper. Complete the spaces with appropriate forms of have to, need, must.

Dear Sir,

You reported last week that Larssen S.A. had a strong market position. Then you aid that the company _____________ think about its competitors. This is not true. We ____________ our market share is permanent. We ________________ worry about our jobs today, but we believe that certainly cannot forget about our competitors. A year is a short time in business.

Yours faithfully,

Bo Johannessen

Chairman Larssen S.A.

Lesson 12 Урок 12

Calendar Календарь

Active vocabulary

Nouns

1. date – дата

2. month – месяц

3. year – год

4. season – время года

5. winter – зима

6. spring – весна

7. summer – лето

8. autumn – осень

9. January – Январь

10. February – Февраль

11. March – Март

12. April – Апрель

13. May – Май

14. June – Июнь

15. July – Июль

16. August – Август

17. September – Сентябрь

18. October – Октябрь

19. November – Ноябрь

20. December – Декабрь

21. holiday – праздник

22. Christmas – Рождество

23. New Year – Новый Год

24. Easter – Пасха

25. Independence Day – День Независимости

26. Birthday – День Рождения

27. vacation – отпуск

28. expression – выражение

Adjectives

29. next – следующий

30. last – прошлый

31. present – настоящий

32. past – прошедший

33. future – будущий

Adverbs

34.today – сегодня

35. tonight – этим вечером

36. tomorrow – завтра

37. yesterday – вчера

38. now – сейчас

39. at the moment – в данный момент

40. soon – скоро

41. before – раньше, прежде

42. after – после

Grammar notes

Существует разница между устной и письменной формами оформления даты.

Письменная форма	Устная форма
3rd Jan/3rd January 3 Jan/3 January	the third of January/January the third

NB Существует разница между оформлением даты на американском и британском английском. Сравните:

3 / 1 / 52 (UK) the third of January nineteen fifty–two

третье января 1952

(US) the first of March nineteen fifty–two

первое марта 1952

Обратите внимaние на предлоги, используемые с датами и наречиями времени.

IN	AT	ON
in the morning in the afternoon in the evening in November(months) in summer(seasons) in 1992 (years)	at eight o ‘clock at noon at night at midnight at Easter at Christmas at lunchtime at the weekend	on Sunday (days) on Monday on Tuesday on Wednesday etc. on October 4th (dates) on (the) 23rd on Sunday afternoon

Следующие наречия времени употребляются без предлогов:

Yesterday evening. Last Friday. Next weekend.

Exercise 125

Fill in “at”, “on”, “in”:

1. …….Saturday	8……..9 o’clock	15……autumn
2……..July	9……..Christmas	16……half past two
3………1984	10…….September 28th	17… Monday morning
4………March 25th	11…….!991	18……Easter
5……….Friday	12………August 29th	19……..10 o’clock
6……….summer	13… Thursday afternoon	20……..winter
7……….the morning	14…….the evening	21……..noon

Exercise 126

Fill in “at”, “on”, “in”:

1. We always go on holiday …. summer.

2. My lesson starts …. five o’clock.

3. Julia had her last business trip ……. August.

4. The staff meeting is … 9 o’clock …. the morning.

5. The factory is closed … Sunday.

6. The Boss doesn’t wear a hat even … winter.

7. We had foreign guests at our firm … last Monday.

8. Simon is visiting the warehouse …. next Friday.

9. Sophia’s birthday is … May 16^th.

10. My favourite television programme starts …. 6.30 … the morning.

11. Some birds and animals come out …. night.

12. The staff got bonus …Christmas.

Exercise 127

It is midday on Saturday 7 November 1992. Decide which phrase on the left refers to which time on the right.

1. this morning a. 1993

2. the day before yesterday b. December 1991

3. last weekend c. 10 am Saturday 7 November 1992

4. next month d. 11 pm Friday 6 November 1992

5. last December e. Saturday 7 November 1992

6. today f. 10 pm Saturday 7 November 1992

7. tomorrow afternoon g. Monday 9 November 1992

8. the day after tomorrow h. Thursday 5 November 1992

9. yesterday evening i. 3 pm Sunday 8 November 1992

10.tonight j. December 1992

11.next year k. 6 pm Friday 6 November 1992

12. last night l. Saturday 1st and Sunday 2nd November 1992

Exercise 128

Translate these time expressions:

Last week _____________

This month_____________

Last month_____________

In the past_____________

In the future____________

Next Friday ___________

Last Saturday __________

Next year _____________

The day before yesterday ____

Tomorrow afternoon ____

Yesterday evening ______

Exercise 129

Say and write these dates as they are in Britain and as they are in the United States, like this:

1/5/42 – UK (the) first (of) May nineteen forty two

- US (the) fifth (of) January nineteen forty two

1. 5/9/84 3. 12/12/79 5. 7/4/81

2. 2/8/65 4. 3/6/82 6. 11/10/90

Exercise 130

Look at the BOS calendar. In pairs, talk about the important dates like this:

A.: When is the sales conference? B.: It’s on (the) 12th (of) November.

A.: When’s the stocktaking? B.: It’s from (the) 17th to (the) 19th (of) November

Exercise 131

Can you find eleven month of the year and the abbreviations for six days of the week? Which month and day are missing?

S	A	U	G	U	S	T	J	J
F	E	M	O	N	A	N	A	D
F	R	P	C	T	T	O	N	E
J	J	S	T	H	U	V	U	C
M	U	U	O	E	M	E	A	E
A	L	N	B	B	M	M	R	M
Y	Y	W	E	D	D	B	Y	B
U	M	A	R	C	H	E	E	E
F	E	B	R	U	A	R	Y	R

Missing month: ________________________________

Missing day: __

Exercise 132

Fill in correct prepositions of time.

1. The work is due to begin ….. the end of April.

2. We are hoping to meet the engineer … the weekend.

3. We expect to sign the contract sometime ….. June.

4. They are scheduled to finish the project…... the middle of July.

5. I arranged to meet him …..15.30 ……. Tuesday.

6. We’re busy …… spring.

7. He phoned me ….one o’clock …. night.

Exercise 133

Fill in prepositions if necessary.

1. My birthday is / January. in

2. My birthday is January 23rd. ___________

3. He is coming Friday. ___________

4. The meeting starts 6 o’clock. ___________

5. She is not doing anything the weekend. ___________

6. She does the filing the afternoon.___________

7. The conference is next Friday. ___________

8. What are you doing lunchtime? ___________

9. The company is moving to London 1999.___________

10.The company staff is having holidays Christmas.___________

Lesson 13 Урок 13