Exercise II. Identify the function of the infinitival for-phrase and translate each sentence below into Ukrainian

1. For me to ask would be treason; and for me to be told would be treason. (M.Wilson) 2. For you to come here is impossible. 3. «For me to discover England to him,» she thought, «for him to discover the East to me.» (Galsworthy) 4. It was impossible for me now to persuade myself that this urgent desire of his to dispense hospitality was disinterested. 5.... It was out of the question for him to absnnt himself for any length of time. 6. It would have been easy for him to get out of it. 7. It seemed a good opportunity for Julia to get away. (Maugham) 8. It would be better for us to leave him. (Wilde) 9. It was not unknown for small boys to enter a monastery. (Ken Follett) 10. It was so easy for a young man of his looks and character to be led astray by evil woman. (Dreiser) 11. There was need for him to be economical. 12. It seems so babyish for me to be young to night school. (London) 13. It is for me to thank you. 14. «The simplest thing,» said Fleur, «is for him to resign at once». (Galsworthy). 15. «That is for me to decide, is it not?» (C.Doyle) 16. He wants me to do something pleasant - for him to feel better.» (Maugham) 17. All he wanted desperately now ... was for their child to live. (A. Hailey) 18. «What is there for me to do, except one thing?» (J. Conrad) 19. Rosemary looked for a place to sit. (Fitzgerald) 20. David had de­cided to let him wait for his seventeenth birthday to come. 21. We think it natural for parents to want their children to conform to a pat­tern they understand. 22. David prayed nightly for her and Blaise to come back. (I.Murdoch) 23. I'll try and arrange for you to see him at Mount Street. (Galsworthy) 24. He sat there in the little hot office

waiting for one of us to speak. (Greene) 25. She also asked for more women to be appointed news-readers. (M. Guardian) 26. I some­times think it is a shame for people to spend so much money this way. (Dreiser) 27.1 bought something for you to read. 28. «It's not a bad thing for you to judge others by yourself». (Maugham) 29. There was milk in the ice-chest for her to drink.(Cusack) 30. And there was a child's shirt in the living-room waiting for a button to be sewn on. (Greene) 31. Arrangements are being made for the girl to be taken back to her own country. (M. Guardian) 32. Dr. Saunders stopped for us to join him. (Maugham) 33. But five minutes was enough for them to understand one another. (Cronin)

WAYS OF TRANSLATING THE OBJECTIVE WITH

THE INFINITIVE CONSTRUCTIONS/PREDICATIVE

COMPLEXES

Unlike the polyfunctional for-to-infinitive constructions, the ob­jective with the infinitive complexes can have mostly one function in the sentence - that of the complex object. Despite this the semantic equivalents of this construction in Ukrainian are often different. The choice of the Ukrainian semantic equivalent is predetermined by some factors, the main of which are as follows: a) the lexical meaning of the finite verb after which the objective with the infinitive construction is used; b) the paradigmatic form of the infinitive (its categorial mean­ing); c) the lexical meaning of the objective infinitive. As a result, different semantic and structural equivalents may be used in Ukrain­ian as substitutes for this predicative complex. The choice of the appropriate language unit/sense u(1it may often rest with the transla­tor only or it may be predetermined by the structural peculiarity of the sentence under translation. The most common ways of translating the objective with the infinitive constructions are the following: 1. By means of a subordinate clause:

Ви хочете, щоб___ (діапозитиви) забрав? Усі спостерігали, як він іде садком/переходить садок.

я їх

«Do you want me to take these (slides) away?» (Hailey)

Depending on the predicate verb, the objective with the infiniive construction may be rendered into Ukrainian with the help of an in­finitive or a subordinate clause:

Everyone watched him walk across the garden. (D. Lessing)

Він наказав кучерові /xs щоб він їхав далі.

He ordered the cabman to drive on. (London)

2. By means of an objective infinitival word-group forming part of the compound modal verbal predicate (like in English):

У дитинстві я бажав стати художником, але бать­ко змусив мене піти в бізнес. Повільно, збираючись з силами, він одягнувся і змусив себе йти.

- - - - - • _ <r _

/ rather wanted to be a painter when I was a boy, but my father made me go into business. (Maugham)

Slowly, economically, he got dressed and forced himself to walk. (Lawrence)

3. By means of a noun derived from the objective infinitive (an alternative way of translation) or an object clause.

He heard the blackbird sing. Він чув спів дрозда.

Не had expected him to be Він очікував від нього біль-more sympathetic. (Maugham) ше співчуття.

The objective with the infinitive construction in the above-given sentence may naturally be translated with the help of the subordi­nate clause: Він очікував, що той виявить більше співчуття/що той буде співчутливішим.

4. By means of a phrasal/simple verbal predicate: The champagne and the alti- Від шампанського й висоти tude made him sleep. (Hailey) його хилило до сну/йому хоті­лося спати.

Не never made me laugh. Він ніколи не міг мене
(Maugham) розсмішити/викликати в мене

посмішку.

The objective with the infinitive construction in the last sen­tence may also be understood and translated with the help of a sin­gle finite form of the verb: Він ніколи мене не тішив.

In some sentences introduced by the anticipatory ft the objec­tive with the infinitive construction may perform a quite unusual for it function of the complex subject corresponding to the Ukrainian ex­tended infinitival subject:

«It's heavenly to hear you say «Чути ие од вас - справж-that, my sweet.» (Maugham) нісіньке блаженство.»

Translation of the objective with the infinitive constructions, therefore, may be predetermined npt only by the nature and mean­ing of the finite verb/predicate, which may have various implicit de­pendent grammatical meanings (those of physical or mental percep­tion, verbs of saying, etc.), but also by its syntactic function, by the translator's choice of the equivalent and by the stylistic aim pursued in the sentence.

Exercise III. Prior to translating the English sentences below offer appropriate Ukrainian semantic (and structural) equivalents for each objective with the infinitive construction.

1.1 want you to hear me out. 2.1 saw you drive up and I ran down, I'm afraid, on the third floor. 3. She had never seen him smoke a pipe before. 4. She heard him slam the front door and saw him come out. 5. Now she heard Guy clatter down the steps to the bath-house. 6. He heard Big Ben chime «Three» above the traffic. (Galsworthy) 7. Neilson watched him make his way across and when he had disap­peared among the coconuts, he looked still. 8. She wanted him to look back on this as one of the great moments of his life. 9. She felt that he wanted her to be a child of nature. 10. «Don't you remember, before I married Gelbert you advised me to marry a man of my own age.» 11. She had expected him to be more sympathetic. 12. «I should hate him to be an author if that's what you mean.» 13. She must look at the people if she wants 1hem to look at her. 14. She saw Charles's smile freeze on his face. 15. ... he could not see Julia's face when she heard him say this. 16. Julia didn't know why... her little presents made her inclined to laugh. (Maugham) 17. «Oh! If I could only see him laugh once more. Oh! If I could only see him weep». (M.Twain) 18. She caused a telegram to be sent to him. (Galsworthy) 19. «... she must agree her baby to be surrendered for adoption immedi­ately after birth.» 20. O'Donnell wanted his baby to live. 21 If you wanted him to take an assistant, you told him to do so and ussually that was that. 22. «Even at that,» O'Donnell reflected, «he had con­sidered the chairman to be erring toward optimism.» 23. «It was a loud, firm protest, but even as he made it he had known it to be a lie » 24. «Mike had spoken them (words) on impulse, but suddenly, deeply, he knew them to be true.» (Hailey) 25. It was so like his family, so like them to carry their business principles into their private relations. (Galsworthy) 26. «I want order! I want things to get started!» (R.Goldberg) 27. He had the dray-man bring in the soap. (Dreiser) 28. «I cannot bear you to speak of that.» (Jerome K.Jerome)