Act as an interpreter. Translate the sentences from Russian into English and from English into Russian.

Interviewer Mr. S. — Mr. Smirnov

I Mr. Smirnov works for the World Tourism Organization in Mos­cow and has come to the studio to talk to us about the modern tourist industry. Mr. Smirnov, tell us, please, what a tourist is.

Mi. S. Турист — это человек, который посещает место, отличное от его обычного проживания, и остается там в течение более 24-х часов. Цели путешествия разнообразны: отдых, посещение друзей и родственников и т.д.

I. How long can tourists stay in a country?

Mr. S. He более одного года. Причем, путешественники под­разделяются на две группы: посетители, которые оста­ются в стране, по меньшей мере, на ночь, и дневные посетители, которые не остаются на ночь. Например, пассажиры корабля.

I. It's interesting to know what types of travellers are excluded from the category of "tourist".

Mr. S. Это люди, путешествующие по политическим сообра­жениям: политические эмигранты, а также постоянные и временные эмигранты, дипломаты, военные, кочевники, приграничные рабочие, сезонные рабочие, курьеры, транзитные пассажиры и т.п.

I. We wonder what categories tourism is divided into.

Mr. S. Мы можем различать три вида туризма: внутренний туризм, въездной и выездной туризм. Международный туризм состоит из въездного и выездного туризма. Он подразумевает, что турист путешествует между двумя и более странами. Внутренний туризм означает, что человек путешествует в пределах страны своего постоянного местожительства.

I. I see. So we have domestic, inbound and outbound tourism.

UNIT IV

1. Прочитайте, переведите текст и подготовьте устную тему «Виды туризма»:

LEISURE TOURISM

Leisure tourism is also called pleasure tourism or holiday tourism. It is a type of tourism when a person is going on holiday and is not travelling on business. So the purpose of tourism in this case is recreation.

Leisure travellers look for sun, sea and sand. They want to go sunbathing and swimming. So this kind of travellers go to sea resorts or holiday camps and stay at resort hotels.

Leisure travellers enjoy organized entertainment and sport. In a resort hotel there are always swimming-pools, fitting-centres, tennis courts, discos. A resort hotel offers its customers contests, concerts, shows, animation programmes for children. Usually it offers tours and visits to different tourist attractions: local sights or theme parks.

Holiday-makers normally travel with their families and children.

There are other ways to travel for pleasure: cruising and coaching, motoring and hiking.

More and more working people will have longer paid holidays and long weekends in future. More and more people will retire at an earlier age. It means that more and more people will travel for leisure in future.

SPORTS TOURISM

Sports tourism is a type of active holiday. The purpose of a sporting tour is to exercise and to keep physically fit. At the same time travellers enjoy natural surroundings, fresh air and clean water.

Travellers combine action and relaxation during a sporting holiday.

Tourist companies offer hiking, cycling, boating and other kinds of sporting tours.

Very often sporting tours require preparation and special training. First the tour instructors will plan the itinerary. Then they will train tourists how to use sporting equipment. They will explain all the details of the route. They will define means of transportation, provision of meals and overnight accommodation.

During some tours travellers carry their luggage and sporting equipment themselves. During some other tours special carriers transfer the luggage for them. It depends on the difficulty of the tour, on the tourist destination and the local practice.

Within sports tourism there is water tourism, mountain tourism and mountaineering, skiing. Sports tourism is popular all year round.

BUSINESS TOURISM

Business tourism is a travel for business purposes.

Business travellers are businessmen and government officials. They travel on different missions. They often travel to attend a convention. Convention tourism is a part of business tourism. It involves taking part in a conference or a seminar.

Business travellers often travel to attend an international exhibition or a trade fair.

There are tourist companies that provide business services. Those are fax, telex and telephone communications, secretarial services, answering service, business meeting arrangements. There are business facilities for business travellers at hotels, airports, on airplanes.

Business travel will develop faster than other types of tourism in future. There will be more business tourists and more tourist companies which will deal with business tourism. They will provide more services in future. They will collect information on markets and trade partners, provide economic data on monitors, arrange negotiations, offer pre-convention and post-convention tours.

INCENTIVE TOURISM

Incentive tourism means that a business company offers holiday tours to its employees and covers all travel expenses.

On the one hand, the company does it as a reward or a bonus to a person for his successful work.

On the other hand, the company does it as an incentive for the future. The company hopes that the employee will work even better in future and bring profit to the company.

Very often an employer sets a target for an employee: "You will earn a holiday in France for your family if you exceed your quota by 10 per cent next year."

Incentive tourism emerged in the 1960s in the USA. Later on it spread in Europe. But only large progressive corporations offer incentive tours to their employees.

In some countries there are specialist tourist companies which arrange incentive tours for business corporations. They take great responsibility because incentive tours go under the name of the business corporation. It means that good travel arrangements will improve its reputation. Bad travel arrangements will shake its reputation.

This type of tourism is still a very small part of international tourism. Most probably this type of tourism won't grow in future.

FAMILIARIZATION TOURISM

Familiarization tourism is often called just FAM tourism. It means that a business company sends its staff on educational tours to its branches or other business companies in other cities and countries.

If a travel agency sends its travel clerks on FAM tours, it means that they will have educational visits to a tourist destination. There they will get familiar with local facilities, hotels, restaurants, and attractions. They will study a tour operator's or local travel agency's practice.

The main purpose of travel clerks on a FAM tour is to get necessary knowledge from personal experience. When the clerks return home, they will know what to offer and what to explain to their customers about the destination/

Some experts say that FAM tourism is a part of incentive tourism. On the one hand, such a tour is an incentive to the travel agency staff selling holidays. On the other, it is a benefit to the tour operator which arranges them.

FAM tourism is very popular and will become even more popular in future.

2. Задайте вопросы к предложениям:

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