А) Сокращения, часто встречающиеся в текстах любой тематики (в порядке алфавита) 2 страница
6) My brother isn’t liking dogs.
7) Are you eating vegetables?
8) Do you read the book “Rich man, poor man”?
9) I’m not hearing the TV.
10) Are you coming with us?
11) His mother is washing up.
Exercise 12
Put the following sentences in the correct tense (Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple or Past Continuous).
1) Which film you (watch) when your father (come) into the room?
2) Your mother always (get up) at half past five?
3) We (go) to see “Star Wars – Episode 1” yesterday, but we (not like) it.
4) When you last (meet) Mary?
5) You (sleep) while I (talk) to you?
6) Mandy always (listen) to her teacher?
7) Look! Where Jill (take) her dog?
8) I (open) the door and (see) that Tom (wash up).
9) Jane (know) that I (love) her. Then why she (do) this to me all the time?
10) Frank (read) the newspaper when Jane (break) the window.
11) Jim (break) his arm at school, and the teacher (send) him to the hospital, but he not (go) to the hospital, because he not (like) doctors.
Exercise 13
Complete the following story with the words given below.
Mrs. Robinson 1) _________ seemed to be ill and unhappy. She often 2) ________ painful headaches, and medicines did not seem to make her any 3) _________ , so at last her husband took her 4) ________ a good doctor. The doctor examined her carefully 5) _______ asked her a lot 6) ________ questions. Then he suddenly put his arms 7) ________ her and gave her a big kiss. Mrs. Robinson 8) ________ once looked better and happier. ‘You see?” said the doctor 9) _______ her husband. ‘That is 10) ________ she needs. I suggest 11) ______ she has the same thing 12) ________ Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday,’ and he smiled.
‘Well,’ said Mr. Robinson, ‘I can bring 13) ________ on Tuesdays and Thursdays, 14) ________ not on Saturdays, 15) _________ I always go sailing on that day.’
Words to be used:
Better – because – every – of – to
Always – that – at – around – and
Her – to – but – all – had
Exercise 14
Choose the word or expression that best completes each sentence.
1) (Does/Is/Do) your father have breakfast at home?
2) What (is/do/are) those girls looking at?
3) My brother never (doesn’t sleep/sleep/ sleeps) in the afternoon.
4) Can Mary (plays / playing / play) tennis?
5) Tom (doesn’t like / isn’t liking / don’t likes) dogs.
6) Jim (work /is work / works) in a factory.
7) We can’t (help / helping / to help) you.
8) (Are / is / Does) Jane having a shower?
9) I (wanting / want / am wanting) a new car now.
10) Henry (washing / doesn’t washing /is washing) his car.
11) (Are you having / Do you have / Do you having) a headache?
12) Where (is Mandy going / do Mandy go / does Mandy going)?
Exercise 15
Put the verbs in the following sentences into the Present Continuous or the Present Simple. Make all the necessary changes.
1) You (like) Japanese cars?
2) I not (watch) TV now.
3) Where Jack (take) that book?
4) Jane (live) in Coventry.
5) We not (work) at night.
6) Your sister (have) dinner at home every evening?
7) They (believe) my story.
8) My brother never (drive) a car.
9) Your always (do) your homework?
10) I not (write) books.
11) They not (play) football now.
12) Jill not (like) cats.
Exercise 16
Complete the following sentences with one word, when necessary.
1) Tom was born ________ 2nd July.
2) I don’t know anything about _____ photography.
3) I’m looking forward ________ meeting you.
4) They spoke to Jane _______ other day.
5) My brother always buys _________ lot of presents.
6) We met Johnny ________ Scotland.
7) I don’t want to go ________ train.
8) Do you play _______ piano?
9) Please don’t ________ to give Fred fresh water every day.
10) ________ are a lot of pets in England.
11) I like ________ by plane.
12) I prefer _________ tennis to _________ football.
13) Not everybody believes _______”Nessie”.
14) We’re going to America ________ April
15) Take the second _______ on the left.
Exercise 17
Complete the following sentences with one word, when necessary.
1) I usually get up _______ six o’clock.
2) How ________ do you visit your grandparents?
3) _________ you like to go to Ireland?
4) The two girls looked at _______ another.
5) How ________ visitors did you have?
6) I finished school a ______ of years ago.
7) _________ about taking a bus?
8) John’s father is ________ doctor.
9) We don’t go to ________ cinema very often.
10) My father doesn’t like ________ cats.
11) I had ________ farm in Africa.
12) We’ve got _______ of tea.
Exercise 18
Complete the following sentences with the correct preposition.
1) Frank visited America ______ the summer.
2) My father works _______ night.
3) John’s son was born ________ 1984.
4) We have lessons _______ eight o’clock _______ eleven o’clock.
5) I often sleep _________ the afternoon.
6) Jill arrived _________ Monday.
7) They don’t start school ________ nine.
8) I first met Jane _______ January.
9) We had two world wars _______ the 20th century.
10) I don’t work ______ the morning.
Exercise 19
Complete the following sentences with the correct preposition.
1) Mary lives ________ England.
2) Do you like working ________ home?
3) What can you see ______ the picture?
4) Let’s go _______ the cinema.
5) There are two cups _______ the table.
6) We arrived ________ the airport late.
7) Can you come _____ my office tomorrow?
8) They were _______ London yesterday.
9) We live _________ a quiet street.
10) I bought these postcards _______ the bookshop.
Exercise 20
Read the definitions and find the words that all begin with “b”.
The number of letters is indicated wit dots (.).
Example:
You can read it – b … - book
1) a house, church or school – b ………….
2) it is built over a river for people to cross – b………………
3) you can keep water in it – b…………..
4) all the things you take when traveling – b………….
5) the part of the seashore where you can swim – b…………
6) a vehicle you can sit on – b……………
7) you cover yourself with it in bed – b…………
8) you have it in the morning – b………….
9) you can put your things in it – b…………..
10) it’s on your trousers, around your waist – b………
Exercise 21
Create nouns from the following verbs:
Example: direct – direction
1) apply
2) introduce
3) agree
4) arrive
5) describe
6) advertise
7) begin
8) believe
9) discuss
10) choose
Exercise 22
Find the pairs in the two columns below.
1) dark – A) cool
2) beautiful – B) high
3) quick – C) weak
4) large – D) happy
5) sad – E) rich
6) poor – F) dirty
7) clean – G) small
8) strong – H) near
9) warm – I) expensive
10) low – J) show
11) far – K) plain
12) cheap – L) light
Exercise 23
Match the words with the right school subjects.
History:
Maths:
Literature:
Geography:
1) add 2) execution 3) king 4) climate 5) novel 6) law 7) divide 8) fiction 9) rhyme 10) forest 11) equal 12) society 13) multiply 14) island 15) prime minister 16) river 17) short story 18) continent 19) abstract 20) poem
Exercise 24
In the following lists, one word in each list doesn’t fit in. Which one?
1) bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, balcony, study, dining room
2) table, spoon, chair, bed, shelf, desk
3) journalist, secretary, scientist, inventor, poem, composer
4) trumpet, leather, rubber, cotton, metal, wood
5) excellent, lazy, perfect, pleasant, terrific, clever
6) cinema, shop, theatre, school, street, hospital
7) yoghurt, cheese, bread, butter, margarine, cream
8) ham, potato, cabbage, carrot, bean, lettuce
9) beer, lemonade, wine, milk, coffee, toast
10) terrible, beautiful, dirty, boring, crazy, stupid
Exercise 25
Where do you find the following things? You can put one word in more than one category.
Kitchen: ___________
Bedroom: __________
Garden: ___________
Bathroom: __________
Study: ___________
1) bed 2) mirror 3) lawnmower 4) tap 5) desk 6) rug 7) pencil 8) toothbrush 9) bath-tub 10) vegetables 11) rake 12) knife 13) curtain 14) plants 15) chair 16) pan 17) spade 18) towel 19) blanket 20) scissors
Exercise 26
Find the following words based on the definitions. There are always as many dots (.) as many letters in the word.
Buildings:
1) you go here if you need money - ……………
2) we can see sports event here - ………….
3) when you need a book, you can find it here - ………….
4) doctors and nurses work here - ……………
5) you can see actors in plays here - …………….
Things in the kitchen:
1) you can cut things with it - …………
2) water comes out of - ………..
3) you put the dishes in it to wash them - ……………
4) you eat soup with it - …………
5) it keeps our food cool - ……….
Exercise 27
What are these things made of? You can put a word in more than one category.
Rubber:
Wood:
Metal:
Plastic:
Leather:
Glass:
1) shoe 2) car 3) chair 4) fork 5) computer 6) jacket 7) bath tub 8) pen 9) school bag 10) bottle 11) slippers 12) belt 13) pencil 14) mirror 15) suitcase 16) sink 17) pencil case 18) swimming cap 19) desk 20) televison
Exercise 28
Read these sentences about people, and find out what job they do.
1) They serve you in restaurants.
2) They help you when you have problems with your teeth.
3) They work in schools and give you homework.
4) They repair your car when you have a problem with it.
5) They protect us from criminals, they catch them and put them in prison.
6) They help you when you are ill.
7) They make plans for houses to be built.
8) They sell you meat, sausages and ham.
9) They play in theatres and films.
10) They write music.
11) They sell you their bread, rolls and croissant.
12) They repair taps and water pipes.
Exercise 29
Match the two halves of the sentences below.
1) A cook works in…….. – A) a church
2) A journalist works in……… - B) a newspaper office
3) A secretary works in………. – C) the opera
4) A priest works in………… - D) a bank
5) A farmer works in……….. – E) a flower shop
6) A lorry driver works in……….. – F) the street
7) A cashier works in……….. – G) courts
8) A greengrocer works in……… - H) a TV studio
9) An announcer works in…….. – I) a kitchen
10) A musician works in………… - J) a shop
11) A lawyer works in……….. – K) the fields
12) A florist works in………… - L) an office
Exercise 30
Which part of a flat or house is this?
1) You can cook your dinner here.
2) We clean our teeth in this room.
3) You sleep in this room.
4) This is the room you first enter in a house or a flat.
5) It’s outside the flat; you can look down into the street from here.
6) You can keep your food in this usually small room.
7) We usually work or do our homework in this room.
8) You have breakfast and dinner here.
9) You watch TV or receive guests in this room.
10) It’s right below the roof; you don’t live here, only keep things here.
Exercise 31
Find the word that doesn’t fit in.
1) wall, floor, window, bedroom, door
2) garden, house, balcony, gate, fence
3) roof, chimney, tiles, doorbell, wallpaper
4) cellar, ceiling, roof, attic, lamp
5) couch, desk, sofa, bed, armchair
6) fireplace, sink, dishwasher, toaster, freezer
7) lock, handle, gate, door, staircase
8) cupboard, wardrobe, drawer, pantry, window
9) curtain, shelf, lamp, carpet, doorbell
10) bed, mirror, bathtub, tap, toothbrush
Exercise 32
Read the definitions and find the words.
1) you have your eyes, nose and mouth here: H………
2) you live in it: H……….
3) when you’re ill, you go here: H………….
4) ninety-nine plus one: H……..
5) opposite of love: H……
6) it can be red, black or brown; old men sometimes don’t have it: H…….
7) opposite of sad: H……..
8) when you want to eat, you’re: H………
9) when you can’t do something, you need this: H…….
10) sixty minutes: H…….
Exercise 33
Complete the following sentences with words that begin with ‘H’.
1) We are on H………. in France.
2) My H…….. is a teacher; we got married last year.
3) It’s H……. past six.
4) Put on your H……..; it’s cold outside.
5) This H……… lesson is very interesting.
6) He has a strange H……: he collects Belgian beer bottles.
7) This pizza is too H…..; I can’t eat it now.
8) I must go H…… now; my children are waiting for me.
9) We stayed at a very nice H…… when we were in Italy last summer.
10) Wash your H…… before dinner, please.
Exercise 34
Find the pairs in these two columns:
Example: plain – ordinary
1) merry – A) usual
2) simple – B) strange
3) lovely – C) surprised
4) average – D) ordinary
5) awful – E) happy
6) plain – F) thin
7) broad – G) dirty
8) amazed – H) beautiful
9) dusty – I) strong
10) funny – J) wide
11) powerful – K) terrible
12) slim – L) plain
Exercise 35
Find the pairs in these two columns:
Example: tiny – handsome
1) lazy – A) deep
2) amusing – B) thick
3) bitter – C) modern
4) blunt – D) handsome
5) traditional – E) boring
6) shallow – F) stupid
7) cruel – G) busy
8) dusty – H) sweet
9) thin – I) clean
10) enormous – J) sharp
11) wise – K) kind
12) plain – L) smell
Exercise 36
Find the pairs in these two columns:
Example: damp – wet
1) cheerful – A) ordinary
2) good-looking – B) spicy
3) busy – C) amazed
4) level – D) big
5) hot – E) glad
6) certain – F) even
7) embarrassed – G) sour
8) bitter – H) engaged
9) common – I) handsome
10) damp – J) uncomfortable
11) enormous – K) sure
12) astonished – L) wet
Exercise 37
Read the following story. Three sentences are missing from it. At the end of the story, you’ll find four sentences – choose which three you need to complete the story, and where they fit in.
One day a lady saw a mouse running across her kitchen floor. She was very afraid of mice, so she ran out of the house, got on a bus and went down to the shops.
1) ________ The shopkeeper said to her, ‘Put some cheese in it, and you will soon catch that mouse.’
2) _________ She did not want to go back to the shops, because it was very late, so she cut a picture of some cheese out of a magazine and put that in the trap.
3) __________ When the lady came down to the kitchen the next morning, there was a picture of a mouse in the trap beside the picture of the cheese!
A) Surprisingly, the picture of the cheese was quite successful!
B) There she bought a mouse-trap.
C) The mouse-trap was quite expensive, but she bought it, because she wanted to catch that mouse.
D) The lady went home with her mouse-trap, but when she looked in her cupboard, she could not find any cheese in it.
Exercise 38
Here’s a letter to a magazine. Put the sentences into the correct order.
1) I have also lost the magazine which the article was in.
2) Last year I saw an article in your magazine (I think it was in your magazine, but I am not sure) which interested me very much, but I have forgotten what it was.
3) David Williams.
4) Will you please send me another copy of the magazine, if it was your magazine?
5) Yours faithfully,
6) I wrote the name of the article and the magazine in my notebook after I had read it, but I have lost the notebook.
7) Dear Sirs,
8) Thank you very much.
Exercise 39
Some words are missing from the following text; they are given at the end. Put the words in the correct places.
A woman bank robber went to a bank and gave the teller a piece of 1) ________ with the words: “Give me all the 2) _________ , but don’t call the police or I’ll shoot you!” The bank teller was so 3) ________ that she started putting the money in a paper 4) _______ . But she was so afraid that she 5) ________ some money, because her hands were shaking. She was 6) ________ very slowly, and the bank robber 7) ________ impatient. She told the woman to do it 8) ________ , but she started crying. The bank robber became upset and 9) _________ out of the bank, with no money at all. She 10) ________ the street and walked into another bank. There the teller was not so frightened, and gave her all the money. Then she simply walked away with over 300,000 dollars.
Missing words:
Bag – dropped – frightened – paper – faster
Became – money – crossed – working – went
Exercise 40
Some words are missing from the following text; they are given at the end. Put the words in the correct places.
I was walking home from 1) ______ when I met my friend. He asked: “Can you 2) ______ me, please?” I said yes, and he 3) ______ me to go with him. We went to his 4) _______ and he drove to his 5) ________. He asked me to 6) _________ in his car while he was in the bank. He 7) ______ that a lot of cars are stolen every week from that 8) ________, and his car was new, so he was afraid of car 9) ______. I waited for him, and he 10) ________ very quickly. “You are lucky,” I told him. “When I 11) ______ to the bank, I always have to wait a lot.” “Yes,” he said, “I know. But it’s faster when you have a 12) _______ in your hand.” And he opened his bag – it was full of money!
Missing words:
Car – stay – street – go – help – thieves
Returned – pistol – work – bank – asked – said
Intermediate
Exercise 1
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it.
Example: He stole some money and was arrested for it.
He was…
Answer: He was arrested for stealing some money.
1. They say Michael is very bad-tempered.
Michael…
2. We ought to leave for the station.
It’s…
3. Would you like me to phone John tonight?
I’ll…
4. She took some aspirin because she didn’t want to get a cold.
She took some aspirin so that…
5. Joan’s house still needs repainting.
Joan hasn’t…
6. It’s not necessary to tell Martha about our row.
Martha…
7. The last time I saw Angie was a year ago.
I haven’t…
8. Old Mrs. Martin would have been unable to climb these stairs.
Old Mrs. Martin could…
9. He discovered that he had lost his keys only when he got to the front. It wasn’t…
10. We had intended to go to France but went to Denmark instead.
Instead…
Exercise 2
Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space.
Even 1 _______ I had never been to Ayleton 2 ________, when I first got 3 _____ from the coach near the town hall in the little market square I suddenly had the strangest 4 _______ that I 5 ______ knew the place. The old-style buildings in a mixture of wood and plaster looked somehow 6 ________, but 7 _______ really surprised me was the town hall 8 ________. There 9 ________ the wall was a round plaque 10 ________ a faded brown color 11 ________ information about a famous writer 12 _________ house the town hall had once been. 13 _______ was either the shape or the color 14 ________ stirred my memory because 15 ______ now came into my mind a picture from the past. I saw 16 ________ as a small child standing in the very 17 ______ spot, holding my father’s hand. He made a sudden angry sound and he walked 18 ______ quickly 19 ________ from the town hall and out of the square that I almost fell over trying to keep 20 ______ with him.
Exercise 3
Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space.
One of the best-known fairy stories 1 _______ the world 2 _______ of a princess who, 3 _______ walking in the grounds of her father’s castle, saw a frog. He was sitting 4 __________ a large, flat leaf in a pond. When he saw her, his heart missed a 5 ______ because in his 6 ________ life he had 7 ________ before seen such a beautiful creature. She sat beside the pond, obviously very sad because large 8 ______ rolled down her 9 ________ and splashed into the water. 10 ______ that moment, and from then 11 ________ the frog was able to speak to her. Full 12 __________ sympathy, he encouraged her not to be 13 ________-hearted. Gradually his words gave her comfort, and every day she 14 ________ come and sit by the pond to discuss 15 ________ things with her new friend. The long and short of the story is that she 16 ___________ in love with him, and 17 ________ with her. And 18 ___________ one day she kissed him on the head, he, in a moment of magic, turned 19 _______ a handsome young man who 20 _________ soon to become her husband and live with her happily ever after.
Exercise 4
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it.
Example: He stole some money and was arrested for it.
He was…
Answer: He was arrested for stealing some money.
1) Someone’s just given me an invitation to a party.
I…
2) Mark isn’t as clever as Ann is.
Ann…
3) She just can’t add up figures.
She’s hopeless…
4) I didn’t hear what he said because I was reading a fascinating book.
If I…
5) The train left and then I got to the station.
By the time…
6) I didn’t really want to go to the cinema.
I didn’t really feel…
7) You should have your eyes tested.
It’s about time…
8) I’m looking for something to wear to a party.
What…
9) ‘I must write to my parents soon,’ she said.
She told me that…
10) Someone might be repainting the house for us next year.
We…
Exercise 5
Complete the following sentences with one word, when necessary (in some cases more than one answer is correct).
1) I go to work ____________ train.
2) Terry doesn’t belong ________ our group any more.
3) I met Joe _________ the dance.
4) We haven’t seen him _______ a week.
5) They must do it, and the sooner ________ better.
6) Joe’s standing _______ the end of Victoria Road.
7) What ________ earth is the matter?
8) Why are you jealous ______ Joe?
9) You must tell _______ your mother about it.
10) Is this the book ________ you need?
11) I did everything _________ my own.
12) Don’t treat me _________ a child.
13) The film ________ we saw was boring.
14) Everybody laughed ________ Susan, because she looked so stupid.
15) I married ________ my wife in 1992.
Exercise 6
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Make all the necessary changes.
1) I not (find) the answer yet.
2) Yesterday Jill (want) to meet Joe, but he (go) to England.
3) I (must) do my homework last Saturday in the morning, because I (decide) to go to a party in the evening.
4) You not (can) meet Frank tomorrow, because he (fly) to America later today.
5) I wish I (do) my homework yesterday.
6) All morning I (play) football while my sister (wash up).
7) When Jill (arrive) yesterday, Tom (sleep).
8) I not (go) to his party last night because he not (invite) me.
9) Jane (can) not find her keys in the morning because she (forget) where she (leave) them.
10) You (go) to the concert tomorrow?
Exercise 7
Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space.
Research has 1 _______ that excessive music damages 2 ______ hearing. In fact, many young people now 3 ________ from deafness from regularly going to discos 4 ________ the level of noise is 5 _________ high that they have to shout to make themselves 6 _______ . Unfortunately, in spite 7 _________ modern technology, noise is very 8 _______ part of our modern world – planes 9 _______ overhead, traffic thundering 10 ________ busy roads, television, portable radios, all produce noise 11 ________ which we have become so accustomed that we hardly notice 12 _______ . In fact people going on country holidays have 13 _________ known to complain that it is 14 _________ quiet. They actually 15 _______ the noises they are used to in their daily lives. The problem is that noise, 16 _________ it does not necessarily cause deafness, causes stress and this 17 ______ in the long run prove harmful. However, the decision about more or 18 ___________ noise cannot be 19 _________ to scientists alone. It is 20 ________ to us to decide what kind of world we want to live in.
Exercise 8
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it.
Example: He stole some money and was arrested for it.
He was…
Answer: He was arrested for stealing some money.
1) She said she was sorry she hadn’t finished her homework.
She apologized…
2) He left college four years ago.
It…
3) ‘Can you lend me five pounds, John?’ said Mary.
Mary asked…
4) The hotel was fully booked.
There…
5) It’s no use waiting any longer for the bus.
There’s no…
6) It isn’t necessary for you to go to all that trouble.