Полномочие, право, права, компетенция
to act on smb’s authority – действовать на основании полученных
полномочий
Pl. власти, начальство, администрация
local authorities – местные власти, органы местного самоуправления
Авторитет, вес, влияние
to have authority with smb. – пользоваться авторитетом у кого-либо
Авторитет, крупный специалист
he is an authority on law – он является авторитетом в области права
Авторитетный источник
to quote one’s authorities – ссылаться на авторитетные источники
Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents.
| 1competent authority | aпревышать свои полномочия |
| 2law-enforcement authorities/agencies | bвласть / полномочия парламента |
| 3lawful authority | cзаконная власть |
| 4on good authority | dиз надежного источника |
| 5the authority of Parliament | eиметь / осуществлять власть |
| 6to abuse one’s authority | fнеограниченные полномочия |
| 7to endue with authority | gнаделять полномочиями кого-либо |
| 8to gain in authority | hоблечь властью |
| 9to hand over one’s authority to smb. | iпередавать свои полномочия кому-либо |
| 10to have / to exercise authority | jподрывать чей-либо авторитет |
| 11to undermine smb.’s authority | kправоохранительные органы |
| 12to vest smb. with authority | lавторитетный специалист |
| 13unrestricted authority | mприобретать всё большую власть |
BFind in the text the English equivalentsfor the following words and expressions.
1норма
2в пределах полномочий
3публичные законы
4обычаи
5наказание
6нарушать нормы поведения
7обеспечивать соблюдение законов
8гражданское право
9отправление правосудия
10эвтаназия
11здравый смысл
CMatch the following legal terms with their Russian equivalents.
| 1legislation | aполномочие |
| 2legal system | bорган исполнения судебных решений и |
| 3tribunal | приговоров; полицейский орган |
| 4authority | сприменить правовую норму / закон |
| 5body | dсудейский корпус |
| 6law enforcement agency | епринудительно применимая (правовая) норма |
| 7judgement | fрасследование; запрос |
| 8to enforce law | gсудебная система, правовая система |
| 9rule | hорган; корпус |
| 10the judiciary | iзаконодательство |
| 11inquiry | jсуд, орган правосудия, трибунал |
| 12 enforceable rule | kсудебное решение, приговор |
l(правовая) норма, правило
DIntroduction to law: basic terms.
The following terms introduce you to the law and basic legal terminology. Below are the definitions. Find the definition for each term.
|
1a body that is appointed to make a judgement or inquiry tribunal
2a country’s body of judges __________
3an act or acts passed by a law-making body __________
4behaviour recognized by a community as binding or enforceable
by authority __________
5legal proceedings __________
6an official body that has authority to try criminals, resolve disputes, or make
other legal decisions __________
7an organization responsible for enforcing the law, especially
the police __________
8a senior official in a court of law __________
9the body or system of rules recognized by a community that are enforceable
by established process __________
10the control resulting from following a community’s system
of rules __________
11members of the legal profession __________
12to rule a society and control the behaviour of its members __________
EIntroduction to law: basic concepts.
Complete the following text about basic legal concepts using the following words and phrases. Use each term once.
|
Why do we have laws and 1) legal systems? At one level, laws can be seen as a type of 2) _______ which is meant to 3) ________behaviour between people. We can find these rules in nearly all social organizations, such as families and sports clubs.
Law, the body of official rules and regulations, generally found in constitutions and 4) ________, is used to govern a society and to control the behaviour of its members. In modern societies, a body with 5) ________, such as a 6) ________ or the legislature, makes the law; and a 7) ________, such as the police, makes sure it is observed.
In addition to enforcement, a body of expert 8) ________ is needed to apply the law. This is the role of 9) ________, the body of 10) ________ in a particular country. Of course, legal systems vary between countries, as well as the basis for bringing a case before a court or 11) ________. One thing, however, seems to be true all over the world – starting a 12) ________ is both expensive and time-consuming.
FGive Russian equivalents to the following word partnerships.
Over to you
“Mercy killing should not be punished”. Write a paragraph containing two points for and two against this statement. Then discuss your answer with other students.
Chapter II SOURCES OF LAW