Ex.11 Translate into English
Антарктида
1. Антарктида — континент, расположенный на самом юге Земли, центр Антарктиды примерно совпадает с южным географическим полюсом. Антарктиду омывают воды Южного океана (ранее этот океан рассматривали как южные части Индийского, Тихого и Атлантического океанов).
2. Антарктидой называют также часть света, состоящую из материка Антарктиды и прилегающих островов.
3. Антарктида была официально открыта 16 (28) января 1820 года русской экспедицией под руководством Фаддея Беллинсгаузена и Михаила Лазарева.
4. Антарктида — самый высокий континент Земли, средняя высота поверхности континента над уровнем моря составляет более 2000 м, а в центре континента достигает 4000 метров.
5. Трансантарктические горы, пересекающие почти весь материк, делят Антарктиду на две части — Западную Антарктиду и Восточную Антарктиду, имеющие различное происхождение и геологическое строение.
6. На востоке находится высокое покрытое льдом плато. Западная часть состоит из группы гористых островов, соединённых между собой льдом.
7. Антарктический ледниковый покров является крупнейшим на нашей планете и превосходит ближайший по размеру гренландский ледниковый покров по площади приблизительно в 10 раз.
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Антарктида
Module __________________________
COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES
ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY
Ex.1. Find out how much you know about the world countries. Put down the transcription for the names of the countries:
| Country | Transcription | Capital | Nationality | Language | |
| 1. | Afghanistan | Kabul | Afghan | Pashtu, Dari | |
| 2. | Albania | Tirane | Albanian | Albanian, Greek | |
| 3. | Angola | Luanda | Angolan | Portuguese, Bantu | |
| 4. | Argentine | Buenos Aires | Argentine | Spanish | |
| 5. | Bangladesh | Dhaka | Bangladeshi | Bangla | |
| 6. | Barbados | Bridgetown | Barbadian | English | |
| 7. | Bolivia | Sucre | Bolivian | Spanish, Aymara | |
| 8. | Brazil | Brazilia | Brazilian | Portuguese | |
| 9. | Cambodia | Kampuchea | Cambodian | Khmer | |
| 10. | Canada | Montreal | Canadian | English, French | |
| 11. | Chile | Santiago | Chilean | Spanish | |
| 12. | Colombia | Bogota | Colombian | Spanish | |
| 13. | Costa Rica | San Jose | Costa Rican | Spanish | |
| 14. | Sri Lanka | Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte | Sri Lankan | Sinhala, Tamil | |
| 15. | Cyprus | Nicosia | Cypriote | Greek, Turkish | |
| 16. | Ecuador | Quito | Ecuadorian | Quechua | |
| 17. | Egypt | Cairo | Egyptian | Arabic | |
| 18. | Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | Ethiopian | Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromigna, Guaragigna | |
| 19. | French Guiana | Cayenne | French Guianese | French | |
| 20. | Gibraltar | Gibraltar | Gibraltarian | Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Russian | |
| 21. | Grenada | St Georges | Grenadian | English | |
| 22. | Greenland | Nuuk (Godthab) | Greenlander | Greenlandic | |
| 23. | Guatemala | Guatemala City | Guatemalan | Quiche, Cakchiquel, Spanish | |
| 24. | Guinea | Conakry | Guinean | French | |
| 25. | Haiti | Haiti | Haitian | French | |
| 26. | Honduras | Teguicigalpa | Honduran | Spanish, Amerindian dialects | |
| 27. | Iceland | Reykjavik | Icelander | Icelandic | |
| 28. | Indonesia | Jakarta | Indonesian | ||
| 29. | Iran | Tehran | Iranian | Persian and Persian dialects | |
| 30. | Iraq | Baghdad | Iraqi | Arabic, Kurdish | |
| 31. | Ireland | Dublin | Irish | English | |
| 32. | Israel | Tel –Aviv | Israeli | Hebrew | |
| 33. | Jamaica | Kingston | Jamaican | English, Creole | |
| 34. | Korea (South) | Seoul | Korean | Korean | |
| 35. | Korea (North) | P'yongyang | Korean | Korean | |
| 36. | Kuwait | Kuwait City | Kuwaiti | Arabic | |
| 37. | Lebanon | Beirut | Lebanese | Arabic | |
| 38. | Liberia | Monrovia | Liberian | English | |
| 39. | Libya | Tripoli | Libyan | Arabic, Italian, English | |
| 40. | Madagascar | Antananarivo | Malagasy | Malagasy | |
| 41. | Malaysia | Kuala Lumpur | Malay | Bahasa Melayu, Tamil, Telugu… | |
| 42. | Macedonia | Skopje | Macedonian | Macedonian 70%, Albanian 21%, Turkish 3%, Serbo-Croatian 3%, other 3% | |
| 43. | Maldives | Male | Maldivian | Maldivian Dhivehi | |
| 44. | Mali | Bamako | Malian | Bambara | |
| 45. | Malta | Valletta | Maltese (singular and plural) | Maltese | |
| 46. | Mexico | Mexico City | Mexican | Spanish, various Mayan, | |
| 47. | Monaco | Monaco | Monegasque | English, Italian, Monegasque | |
| 48. | Mongolia | Ulan Bator | Mongolian | Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian | |
| 49. | Morocco | Rabat | Moroccan | Arabic , Berber dialects | |
| 50. | Mozambique | Maputo | Mozambican | Portuguese | |
| 51. | Nepal | Kathmandu | Nepalese (singular and plural) | Nepali | |
| 52. | New Zealand | Wellington | New Zealander | English , Maori | |
| 53. | Nicaragua | Managua | Nicaraguan | Spanish | |
| 54. | Pakistan | Islamabad | Pakistani | Punjabi , Sindhi, Siraiki… | |
| 55. | Panama | Panama City | Panamanian | Spanish , English | |
| 56. | Paraguay | Asuncion | Paraguayan | Spanish , Guarani | |
| 57. | Peru | Lima | Peruvian | Spanish , Quechua, Aymara | |
| 58. | Philippines | Manila | Filipino | Filipino (based on Tagalog) and English, Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocan, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, Pangasinense | |
| 59. | Portugal | Lisbon | Portuguese (singular and plural) | Portuguese | |
| 60. | Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | Saudi | Arabic | |
| 61. | Serbia/Montenegro (Yugoslavia) | Belgrade | Serb; Montenegrin | Serbian, Albanian | |
| 62. | Singapore | Singapore | Singaporean | Chinese , Malay | |
| 63. | Slovenia | Ljubljana | Slovene | Slovenian , Serbo-Croatian | |
| 64. | Sudan | Khartoum | Sudanese (singular and plural) | Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, English | |
| 65. | Syria | Damascus | Syrian | Arabic, Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic | |
| 66. | Taiwan | Taipei | Chinese (singular and plural) | Mandarin Chinese, Taiwanese | |
| 67. | Thailand | Bangkok | Thai (singular and plural) | Thai, English | |
| 68. | Tunisia | Tunis | Tunisian | Arabic, French | |
| 69. | Turkey | Ankara | Turk Adj: Turkish | Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic, Armenian, Greek | |
| 70. | United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi | Emirati | Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu | |
| 71. | Venezuela | Caracas | Venezuelan | Spanish | |
| 72. | Zimbabwe | Harare | Zimbabwean | Shona, Sindebele |
Ex.2. Travelling between the cities below, by the shortest possible land route, which countries would you pass through? And what nationality of people would you see most of? Name four countries for each journey.
· From Tel Aviv to Ankara Israel Israeli
The Lebanon Lebanese
Syria Syrian
Turkey Turkish
· From Bucharest to Dresden Romania Romanian
Hungary Hungarian
Czechia Czech
Germany German
Ex.3. Which countries have the currencies listed below? And what nationality are most of the people who have that kind of money in their pockets?
rand South Africa South African
yen Japan Japanese
renminbi ChinaChinese
rial Iran Iranian
markkaFinland Finnish
zloty Poland Polish
drachma Greece Greek
baht Thailand Thai
guilder Holland Dutch (The Netherlands)
Rouble Russia Russian
Ex.4. English is an easy language, so most of the words denoting nationality, except those ending -ish or -ese can be used as an adjective or as a noun:
She's Italian / She's an Italian.
He's Israeli / He's an Israeli.