Say whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). 5 страница
Music plays a major role in other arts. Opera combines singing and other drama. Ballet and other form of dancing need music to help dancers. Film and TV dramas use music to set mood and emphasize the action.
Music plays an important part in cultures and social activities. Nearly all peoples use music in the religious service to create a state of mystery and awe, a feeling of distance from the daily world. Many people perform music for their own satisfaction. Singing in a choir or playing a musical instrument in a band can be very enjoyable. Music provides people with a way to express their feelings.
Nowadays there exist lots of musical currents and directions which are represented by different groups and solo singers. Let's mention some of the most famous ones.
Pop music - area of musical art having commercial character with mass media and poetic language, entertainment, supposing ease of recognition. It has arisen in the 19th century as reaction to the complicated forms of "serious" music. Intensive development has received from the beginning of the 20th centuries. It is distinguished by traditional "old" popular music and the "new" pop.
Blues - a genre of the Afro-American musical folklore and a jazz carrying melancholy and despondency. It formed in the beginning of the 20th century. The blues tradition is submitted practically in all basic jazz styles. The blues reflects deeply personal experiences sated with dramatic nature and an internal conflict, contains also elements of humor, irony, social satire.
In the middle of 80s in Chicago appeared a new kind of dancing music - house music. Now it seems usual and habitual, however then it was really extraordinary. This music was created for dances and played by new electro-musical instruments. The Chicago DJs for the first time tried to mix singles of group Kraftwerk with sound devices giving cardinally new sounds. House music has roots coming of disco. In a word – music for happiness. The structure of a classical house is rather simple and the tempo isn’t so fast. House tracks, as a rule, are filled with bright and beautiful passages, major chords and simple, but remembered melodies.
Rock-n-Roll - the earliest form of modern pop. It appeared in the middle of 1950 in the musical attitude representing the simplified variant of a rhythm-and-blues with elements of country music. For rock-and-roll as a whole the structural basis, sounding of several electro guitars, a piano, saxophone, brief melodic phrases, elementary enough text, a strongly pronounced dancing basis is characteristic. Performers of rock-and-roll were white musicians (Elvis Presley, Bill Hejli, Whether Jerry Lewis), as well as black ones (Chuck Berry). As the pair dance which received wide popularity in 1950s it differs with extreme expressionism, choreographic supports and deliberate negligence in relation to partner.
Task 2. Answer the questions about music:
| 1. What is music? 2. What is the most traditional way to listen to music? 3. What is Karaoke? 4. What are the main musical genres? 5. What role does music play in other arts? 6. What do you prefer: ballet or opera? Why? 7. If you have a chance to visit a famous concert, what composer will you choose? 8. Is there any difference between modern musical styles and classical music? Task 3. Talk on one of these topics: 1. Rock and pop music. 2. Music in Your life. 3. Different Kinds of Music |  |
Task 3. Memorize and dramatize the dialogue; act out a similar dialogue.
Dialogue “Rock and pop music”
| A: | Do you like to listen to music? |
| B: | Sure. |
| A: | What kind of music do you prefer? |
| B: | It depends. Mostly I like rock and pop music. But sometimes I am in the mood to listen to the classical or country music. And what about you? |
| A: | As for me, I listen to all kinds of music, even to music my parents listen to. For example, the Beatles, a British pop group. |
| B: | Sorry for interrupting you. I also like the Beatles. Their music is based on rock-and-roll exported from the USA by singers like Elvis Presley, but it is very different from anything, which has come from the American side of the Atlantic. |
| A: | Yes, you are right. It was the birth of the new pop culture. It influenced the musical culture of most countries of the western world. By the way do you remember their names? |
| B: | Of course, I do. George Harrison, John Lennon, Paul McCartney, and Ringo Starr. And do you know the names of any other British singers? |
| A: | Naturally. Mick Jagger from the Rolling Stones, Rod Stewart, Elton John. |
| B: | We’ll have an opportunity to discuss music next time. Sorry, but I must go. Good-bye. |
| A: | See you. |
Task 4. Read and translate the text
Painting
| Painting is the expression of ideas and emotions in a two-dimensional visual language. The elements of the language are its shape, lines, colours, tones, and textures. They are used in different ways to produce sensations of |  |
volume, space, movement, and light on a flat surface.
Media are liquids added to paints to mix them and make them workable. In the wider meaning, media are various paints, tools, support, surface used by painters. An artist uses a particular medium, such as tempera, fresco, oil, watercolours, etc. A tempera medium is a dry pigment tempered with an emulsion and thinned with an emulsion and thinned water. It’s a very ancient medium. Having been in constant use in most world cultures, it was replaced during the Renaissance by oil paints. Fresco is a traditional medium for painting directly onto the wall or ceiling. Oil painting became the most widely used technique in Italy. Watercolour, or aquarelle has remained popular especially for its immediate, sketchy, transparent qualities.
In painting the subject matter is very important. The subjects of painting include a set of categories, or genres, of painting.
Landscape painting comprises country scenes, seascapes and cityscapes. Landscapes appeared on most Renaissance paintings. The most developments in the 19th century were made through the landscapes of Impressionists. Styles in landscapes painting range from the classically idealized world of Claude Monet to the poetic romanticism of John Constable and Turner and pantheism of Peter Paul Rubens and Van Gogh.
The category called genre painting consists of scenes from everyday life, such as hunting expeditions, domestic and agricultural occupations with scenes of feasting, dancing, and music. Rembrandt used domestic scenes underline the emotional intensity, Van Gogh and Edgar Degas – to describe the harsh realities of working life.
Portraiture is among the highest achievements in painting. The portraits of Raphael, Rubens express nobility, grace and authority of the people. The psychological insight, emotional empathy is in the self-portraits and portraits of ordinary people by Rembrandt and Van Gogh.
Task 5. Complete the following sentences in logical way:
| 1. Painting is …. 2. Media are……. 3.The subjects of painting include……. 4. Genre painting consists of …… 5. The portraits express….. 6. Some famous artists used domestic scenes to …. 7. Oil painting became…… |  |
8. Aquarelle has remained popular ……..
9. Styles in landscape painting range from …..
10. The elements of visual language are ……
Task 6.
Answer the questions:
1. What does landscape painting comprise?
2. What does genre painting consist of?
3. Who painted landscapes?
4. Have you ever visited a picture gallery?
5. What famous picture galleries in our country do you know?
6. What famous picture galleries all over the world do you know?
7. Do you enjoy painting?
8. Who is your favourite painter?
9. What picture do you like most of all? Why?
10. Can you describe your favourite picture? Try to do it.
Task 7. Read the text. Make up a dialogue about the problem of street art.
Street art
New Yorkers used to see the graffiti on the walls of poor neighborhoods and subway trains as something menacing and an example of urban decay. The scrawled names and slogans were seen as unsightly and aggressive, the work of vandals seeking to express their identities or even make a political point. Up to the 1970s, most New Yorkers hated graffiti, considering it as an eyesore that was illegal and punishable by fines.
Since those days, graffiti has changed a lot and it is no longer found only in the subway and the poor ghetto areas of the city. Nowadays, it has the status of “street art” and you get graffiti in places where you wouldn’t expect to - in advertisements, on clothes, on toys, and even on the Wall Street Journal’s official website! In the early 1980s, there was a real craze for graffiti art and the sophisticated Manhattan art world had displays of street art in its galleries. The trend was short-lived - until the arrival of hip-hop music in the late 80s.
In her book, Subway Art, Martha Cooper says “Graffiti came back with hip-hop music and people are now appreciating it for its style, which they couldn’t back then, because they couldn't get beyond the vandalism thing.” Hip-hop was originally black ghetto music, sung by young African Americans from the poor, run-down districts of American cities. When it suddenly got to the top of the American music charts, hip-hop culture was spread, bringing graffiti with it.
Today companies are starting to realize the appeal of graffiti in advertising. The Groningen Museum in Holland is one of the few museums in the world that displays and recognizes graffiti as an art form.
Task 8. Speak about any modern style of art.
Home Reading