What document took away some of the King’s powers in 1215?
a) In 1215 the Reform Act took away some of the King’s powers.
b) In 1215 Magna Charta took away some of the King’s powers.
c) In 1215 the Bill of Rights took away some of the King’s powers.
Задание № 3. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. You should claim your money back if the goods have been damaged.
2. Political abuses must be stopped.
3. The members of the jury can be discharged.
4. A witness has to be present at the sitting oа the court.
5. You may ask the judge a question if there is something you don’t understand.
Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения в страдательном залоге. Подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог.
1. A formal complaint was submitted by her.
2. Laws are made with the aim to protect people.
3. We are sure this bill will be rejected by the Parliament.
4. He has been sentenced to six months of imprisonment.
5. The appeal is being prepared by the barrister now.
Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода инфинитива в определённой функции. Из каждого предложения выпишите форму инфинитива и укажите его функцию в предложении.
1. This article is an attempt to defame an honest man.
2. To start divorce proceedings she went to the lawyer.
3. The monarch has to give a bill the royal assent, which is now just a formality.
4. The power of the Lords to reject a bill has been severely criticized by the public.
5. He is too astonished to speak.
6. To appeal means to take a case to the higher court.
Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода объектного инфинитивного оборота (Complex Object). Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.
1. The Parliament expects ministers to give their amendments to a bill.
2. They wanted the document to be sent to a special committee for discussion.
3. This decision made him think he had been mistaken.
Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода субъектного инфинитивного оборота (Complex Subject). Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.
1. The problem is considered to be complicated.
2. The delegation was seen to have left for London.
3. The Prime Minister is said to be on the point of resigning.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода инфинитивного оборота c предлогом “for”. Из каждого предложения выпишите данный оборот.
1. The public waited for the judge to read the sentence aloud.
2. The lecturer stopped speaking for the students to calm down.
3. The judge asked witnesses several questions for him to spe-cify the details of the case.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 3
Для правильного выполнения контрольной работы № 3 необходимо изучить следующие разделы курса английского языка (грамматический комментарий, часть 3):
1. Причастие, общая характеристика.
2. Причастие I (Present Participle или Participle I), его образование, формы, функции в предложении и особенности перевода на русский язык.
3. Причастие II (Past Participle или Participle II), его образование, формы, функции в предложении и особенности перевода на русский язык.
4. Причастные обороты, их образование, значение и особенности перевода на русский язык.
5. Герундий (Gerund), его образование, особенности, формы, функции в предложении и особенности перевода на русский язык.
6. Условные придаточные предложения, общая характеристика.
7. Условные придаточные предложения 1, 2 и 3 типа, особенности их образования, перевод на русский язык.
8. Согласование времён.
9. Сослагательное наклонение, его формы, значение, употребление и особенности перевода на русский язык.
Вариант № 1
Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
Fingerprints
The study of fingerprints is the best means available for identifying individuals. Fingerprinting is a simple and inexpensive means of recording an unchanging characteristic of an individual. Fingerprint records are consulted to determine if there is any prior criminal record. They help in determining the identity of the dead or injured. First the anthropometrical system introduced by Alphonse Bertillon in 1882 was used as the means of individual identification. But in 1896 Argentina became the first country to introduce dactyloscopy with the formation of a fingerprint classification system developed by Dr. Juan Vucetich.
In 1897 in India Inspector Edward Henry worked out his fingerprint classification system. And by the beginning of World War I England and practically all of Europe were using dactyloscopy. This method is still used today though it has been further improved.
Fingerprints are perhaps the most common form of physical evidence and certainly one of the most valuable. They relate directly to the final aim of every criminal investigation – the identification of an offender.
Fingerprints of the offender are often found at the crime scene. However, the prints can beeasily destroyed by the first careless act. They are also, in many cases, difficult to find, especially latent prints. So it is necessary that the crime investigator make a thorough search of all surfaces in and around the crime scene. Particular attention should be paid to such places as the backs of chairs, table tops, telephone, etc.
Valuable help in obtaining latent prints may be given from a person who knows the usual layout of the crime scene. He may point out articles that are out of place or identify objects that may have been brought in by the criminal. The possibility that the weapons of science can be turned against itself by the forging of fingerprints cannot be ignored. At least forgery is of theoretical importance.
Vocabulary
fingerprints for identifying individuals any prior criminal record the identity of the dead or injured the anthropometrical system individual identification dactyloscopy physical evidence criminal investigation the identification of an offender the crime scene latent prints the crime investigator the usual layout of the crime scene articles the criminal the weapons of science by the forging of fingerprints | отпечатки пальцев для опознания людей какая-либо прежняя судимость опознание личности умершего или пострадавшего антропометрическая система опознание личности дактилоскопия вещественное доказательство уголовное расследование опознание правонарушителя место преступления скрытые отпечатки пальцев следователь схема расположения места преступления детали преступник научные методы (средства) при помощи фальсификации отпечатков пальцев |
Задание № 2. Перепишите только верные утверждения по тексту “Fingerprints”.
1. Fingerprinting is a simple and inexpensive means of recording an unchanging characteristic of an individual.
2. In 1897 in India Dr. Juan Vucetich worked out his fingerprint classification system.
3. Fingerprints of the offender are never found at the crime scene.
4. Valuable help in obtaining latent prints may be given from a person who knows the usual layout of the crime scene.
5. The possibility that the weapons of science can be turned against itself by the forging of fingerprints cannot be ignored.
Задание № 3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастиями (Participle I, Participle II), обращая внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Выпишите причастия. Определите их форму и функцию.
1. The investigating officer must be very careful at the crime scene.
2. He was sentenced for the crime having been committed.
3. Before a decision on the guilt or innocence of the accused person is made the circumstances of the case must be brought to light.
4. Listening to the sentence being read, the offender became gloomy and unhappy.
5. This lawyer was working at this case during 6 months.
6. The having been sentenced person was given the possibility to say “the last word”.
Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастными оборотами, обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Определите причастные обороты в предложениях.
1. The Supreme Court of the USA consists of 9 justices, one justice being appointed as the chief Justice.
2. Everyone saw the offender entering into the courtroom.
3. The case was considered finished on the 1st of February.
4. Though we didn’t hear the sentence read it was clear his friend would be put to prison.
Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с герундием (Gerund), обратите внимание на особенности его образования и перевода. Определите форму и функцию герундия в предложениях.
1. He was suspected of having committed a serious crime.
2. There are different opinions on abolishing death penalty.
3. Maintaining public order is one of the police functions.
4. The investigator stopped examining the fingerprints.
5. The main task of police work is protecting society against crime.
Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие условные придаточные предложения I, II и III типа. Обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода.
1. If the jury has no doubt, the verdict will be “not guilty”.
2. If this man had been polite to the policeman, he would not have been taken to prison.
3. If the entire world were just, there would be no need for courts.
Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на соблюдение правила о согласовании времён.
1. He said he would meet me after the sitting of the jury.
2. They were informed that police officers in Great Britain never carried fire-arms.
3. The police officer supposed that the suspect had gone to the railway station and they hurried there.
4. The accused person was photographed, fingerprinted and temporarily released on bail as there was too little evidence of his guilt.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие сослагательное наклонение, обращая внимание на особенности его образования и перевода.
1. It is necessary that the investigator describe all the details of this complicated case.
2. The lawyer suggested that the suspect should tell him the truth.
3. If he had had more free time yesterday, he would have completed the experiment.
4. I wish I could have the fingerprints of the thief.
5. There can be no conviction unless the guilt of the defendant is established.
Вариант № 2
Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
Physical evidence
The evidence that is presented during a trial usually plays a major role in the investigation. There are several types of evidence that can be used. One type, physical evidence, is something that is concrete, something that can generally be measured, photographed, analyzed, and, finally, can be brought into a courtroom for observation. Examples of physical evidence include a bloody shirt, the mold of a foot print, and a bullet casing, etc.
In many instances, police officers or investigating officers are the first to discover physical evidence. This is because such items are often obtained from crime scenes. There is no such thing as a perfect crime, a crime always leaves traces, if no traces are found it means there is only the inability to find the evidence.
The manner in which this type of evidence is collected and maintained is important because such items can be crucial in winning a case. If it is not obtained according to procedure or it is damaged, it may be deemed inadmissible or useless.
Physical evidence is of value only if it helps to prove a case or to clear a suspect. The most valuable evidence may be worthless if inefficiently handled.
When the investigating officer arrives at a crime scene it is necessary that he should first protect the scene and prevent anybody from touching any object.
The preliminary survey is to acquaint the investigating officer with the entire scene and its important details. After he has completed his preliminary survey the photographer may go to work. It is important that the investigator should accompany the photographer, pointing out various objects of possible evidential value. He should note possible location of latent prints (invisible prints), and guard against contamination of such objects and surfaces.
As evidence is found, it should be marked, carefully packaged, each article separately, and placed in some locality where it will not be destroyed or contaminated, until it is transported to a laboratory.
Vocabulary
the evidence a trial the investigation physical evidence investigating officers a crime scene in winning a case according to procedure to prove a case to clear a suspect to protect the scene the preliminary survey possible location of latent prints (invisible prints) guard against contamination | доказательство, улика судебное разбирательство расследование вещественные доказательства следователи место преступления для доказательства согласно процедуре доказать обвинение оправдать подозреваемого охранять место преступления предварительное обследование возможное местонахождение скрытых отпечатков (невидимых отпечатков) охранять от возможного загрязнения |
Задание № 2. Перепишите только верные утверждения по тексту “Physical Evidence”.
1. In many instances, police officers or investigating officers are the first to discover physical evidence.
2. There is no such thing as a perfect crime, a crime always leaves traces, if no traces are found it means there is only the inability to find the evidence.
3. Physical evidence is of value only if it helps to prove a case or to clear a suspect.
4. The manner in which this type of evidence is collected and maintained is of no importance.
5. When the investigating officer arrives at a crime scene it is necessary that he should first note possible location of latent prints (invisible prints).
Задание № 3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастиями (Participle I, Participle II), обращая внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Выпишите причастия. Определите их форму и функцию.
1. The witness was speaking in the court during 20 minutes.
2. All the articles found at the crime scene will help the investigation.
3. While staying in Moscow these foreign lawyers took part in the seminar in Criminal Law.
4. He was imprisoned for a serious crime having been committed.
5. This investigator is an expert knowing his work very well.
6. An arrested person will be brought to the police station.
Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастными оборотами, обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Определите причастные обороты в предложениях.
1. The FBI is considered created as the Bureau of Investigation to handle criminal investigations for the Department of Justice.
2. The US Congress consists of two chambers, each of them being elected by citizens of all states.
3. We saw a strange man entering the court-room.
4. The time permitting, the detective will find many witnesses.
Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с герундием (Gerund), обратите внимание на особенности его образования и перевода. Определите форму и функцию герундия в предложениях.
1. The lawyer stopped speaking and started listening to the evidence of the suspect.
2. Cross-examining was held before a jury.
3. The criminal ran away without having left any traces.
4. Committing a suicide is not a way out.
5. At the lesson students learned of lawmaking process in the USA.
Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие условные придаточные предложения I, II и III типа. Обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода.
1. If they had not been barbarians, they would not have destroyed Roman Civilization.
2. If a person has a legal problem, he will go and see a solicitor.
3. If the question were less important, there would not be a discussion at the conference.
Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на соблюдение правила о согласовании времён.
1. We all understood that he had been arrested yesterday.
2. After the burglary had been reported to the police, the investigation was started.
3. The lecturer marked that all people were equal before the law.
4. The court gave a warrant of arrest to the main suspect, who had committed a murder.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие сослагательное наклонение, обращая внимание на особенности его образования и перевода.
1. It is essential that a juvenile officer be able to help the delinquent to understand his problems and correct his delinquent behavior.
2. The judge suggested that the accused be released for lack of probable cause for committing a crime.
3. The witness was safeguarded lest nobody make harm to him.
4. The students would have known their specialty better if they had had more practice.
5. I wish I could have more free time to study all the details of this case.
Вариант № 3
Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
Capital punishment
Capital punishment is a practice in which prisoners are executed in accordance with judicial practice when they are convicted of committing what is known as a “capital crime”. Capital crimes are crimes deemed so heinous that they should be punishable by death. People may also use the term “death penalty” to refer to capital punishment. Worldwide, this practice is extremely controversial, with a variety of concerns ranging from human rights to economic efficiency being raised in discussions about capital punishment.
The practice of executing people for certain crimes is very old; in fact, the term itself dates to a Latin root, to a common execution method used in Roman times. At various points in history, a wide range of crimes have been punishable by death, including rape, murder, treason, mutiny, and theft. In the military, death sentences for “cowardice” were used during the First World War, when soldiers were shot by firing squads assembled from the men who served with them, providing both a punishment and a warning.
In early 1800s some members of society were pushing for abolition of the death penalty, arguing that it was an inhumane method of punishment. Many abolitionists were also involved with animal welfare organizations and antislavery organizations. Their efforts were at least partially successful; by the beginning of the 21st century, only 58 nations were practicing the death penalty, and several of these nations had very restrictive terms which had to be met in order for capital punishment to be an option.
Arguments for capital punishment include the suggestion that it acts as a deterrent, by reminding criminals that they can pay the ultimate price for some claims. Supporters argue it is possible to administer the death penalty justly and humanely.
Opponents confirm that the death penalty creates the potential for erroneous executions of innocent people.
Vocabulary
capital punishment prisoners they are convicted a “capital crime” punishable by death the term “death penalty” human rights a common execution method rape, murder, treason, mutiny, and theft death sentences for “cowardice” abolition abolitionists restrictive terms criminals deterrent erroneous executions of innocent people | высшая мера наказания (смертная казнь) заключённые (подсудимые) они осуждены (признаны виновными) тяжкое преступление наказуемо смертной казнью термин “смертная казнь” права человека распространённый метод наказания изнасилование, убийство, государственная измена, мятеж и кража смертные приговоры за “трусость” аболиция (отмена) аболиционисты ограничительные условия преступники устрашающий фактор ошибочные казни невинных людей |
Задание № 2. Перепишите только верные утверждения по тексту “Capital punishment”.
1. Capital crimes are crimes deemed so heinous that they should be punishable by death.
2. The practice of executing people for certain crimes is very young.
3. In early 1800s some members of society were pushing for abolition of the death penalty.
4. In early 1800s the efforts of the abolitionists were successful.
5. Opponents confirm that the death penalty creates the potential for erroneous executions of innocent people.
Задание № 3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастиями (Participle I, Participle II), обращая внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Выпишите причастия. Определите их форму и функцию.
1. The having been read Resolution was adopted.
2. The Government and the Parliament will be encouraging the development of crime prevention schemes.
3. Great Britain has a highly developed economy.
4. Justice is being administered by courts of all instances.
5. Written evidence is of great importance in the court.
6. When committing a crime he was sure the police wouldn’t arrest him.
Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастными оборотами, обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Определите причастные обороты в предложениях.
1. The work having been done, we were happy to be free.
2. We could see the judge coming into the court-room.
3. The witnesses were seen discussing the details of the case.
4. The Senate consists of 2 members from each state, chosen for 6 years, one third being reelected every 2 years.
Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с герундием (Gerund), обратите внимание на особенности его образования и перевода. Определите форму и функцию герундия в предложениях.
1. His being charged with a felony surprised his friends.
2. Society cannot exist without using political instruments of power.
3. There was no hope of his being acquitted.
4. The investigator finished examining the crime scene.
5. Maintaining order in the society means establishing the rule of law to preserve life and to protect property.
Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие условные придаточные предложения I, II и III типа. Обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода.
1. If I had not been a judge, I would have become a journalist.
2. If the accused cannot find a lawyer himself, the court will find the one for him.
3. If a person crossed the street in a wrong place, he would certainly be fined.
Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на соблюдение правила о согласовании времён.
1. It had been stressed that according to the British laws a person could not be tried twice or more times on the same charge.
2. They appealed to the Supreme Court after the trial had fi-nished.
3. Everyone understood that the problem was of great importance.
4. In the report it had been stated that the principal responsibility of the central government was to preserve law and order.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие сослагательное наклонение, обращая внимание на особенности его образования и перевода.
1. It is important that the law be observed by every citizen of the society.
2. The investigator insisted that interviewing skills be learned in the process of work.
3. I wish the judge could free this person in the courtroom because of lack of evidence.
4. If he had committed a serious crime the police would have arrested him immediately.
5. He spoke to the judge as if he were not guilty.
Вариант № 4
Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
DIFFERENT levels of proof
Before the various steps of the criminal justice system can be initiated – arrest, booking, arraignment and sentencing – different levels of proof are required. The levels of proof recognized by law are as follows:
Suspicion: The lowest level of proof justifying a police action. Suspicion may occur when a police officer has only slight evidenceto believe that a crime has been or is in the process of being committed. It permits a police officer to initiate an investigation.
Reasonable Belief: It is a specific and reasonable conclusion drawn from observable facts. It permits the police to stop and search a person when they have reason to believe they are dealing with armed and dangerous persons.
Probable Cause: This higher level of proof exists when one has sufficient and reliable information that a crime has been committed and that the accused has committed that crime. It is the standard used for arrest, search and arraignment.
Preponderance of Evidence: This means that the weight of evidence is greater for one side than for the other. This is sufficient for making a judgment in civil cases, but not enough to convict in criminal cases.
It is difficult to distinguish between each of the levels of the proof. Yet the different levels of proof serve as a good illustration of how society attempts to deal with the problem of protecting the state from crime while at the same time guaranteeing and protectingan individual’s liberty. The aim is to limit police actions that are unreasonable or discriminatory while at the same time making it possible for the police to enforce the law.
Vocabulary
the criminal justice system arrest, booking, arraignment and sentencing levels of proof suspicion to justify a police action reasonable belief probable cause the accused arrest, search and arraignment preponderance of evidence for making a judgment civil cases to convict criminal cases the problem of protecting the state from crime to enforce the law | система уголовного судопроизводства арест, задержание, привлечение к суду и вынесение приговора уровни (виды) доказательства подозрение оправдывать действия полиции обоснованное предположение предполагаемый повод (причина) обвиняемый арест, обыск и предъявление обвинения перевес доказательств (улик) для вынесения приговора гражданские дела обвинять (выносить приговор) уголовные дела проблема защиты государства от преступности обеспечивать соблюдение закона |
Задание № 2. Перепишите только верные утверждения по тексту “DIFFERENT levels of proof”.
1. The lowest level of proof justifying a police action is suspicion.
2. Reasonable belief is a specific and reasonable conclusion drawn from observable facts.
3. Reasonable belief is the highest level of proof.
4. It is easy to distinguish between the levels of the proof.
5. The aim is to limit police actions that are unreasonable or discriminatory while at the same time making it possible for the police to enforce the law.
Задание № 3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастиями (Participle I, Participle II), обращая внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Выпишите причастия. Определите их форму и функцию.
1. Cases are usually being classified as civil, criminal and administrative.
2. The police office is investigating the latest robbery.
3. The case having been heard the juror must take into account the evidence of witnesses.
4. Organized crime is a lawless empire involved in gambling, narcotics, extortion, etc.
5. The accused person was taken to prison.
6. Having read the article we started to discuss it at the seminar.
Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастными оборотами, обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Определите причастные обороты в предложениях.
1. The article being interesting and useful, I used it in my course-paper.
2. The Constitution is considered proclaimed as the main law of every country.
3. We heard her answering the question on the US Constitution.
4. The crime was reported having been committed by Monday.
Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с герундием (Gerund), обратите внимание на особенности его образования и перевода. Определите форму и функцию герундия в предложениях.
1. The police finished investigating the case.
2. His being guilty is evident for everybody.
3. We are against having punished him so severely.
4. Laws are made with the aim of combating crime.
5. Protecting the society against crime is the main task of police work.
Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие условные придаточные предложения I, II и III типа. Обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода.
1. If a person wants to make a will, he will go to a solicitor.
2. If he were a bad man, I should not try to defend him.
3. The judge would have been more confident in his decision, if more witnesses had been invited to the Court.
Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на соблюдение правила о согласовании времён.
1. We understood that a great part of investigative work was devoted to finding missing or wanted persons.
2. After the investigation had obtained some additional evidence, the criminal was arrested.
3. We were told that the study of fingerprints was the best means available for identifying victims.
4. It was clear that he had been guilty.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие сослагательное наклонение, обращая внимание на особенности его образования и перевода.
1. It is important that the student be present at the lecture.
2. If bail could be great enough, staying in jail until the trail could produce an additional effect on the offender and make him confess.
3. I wish I could help this man to prove his innocence.
4. Many situations could lead to a serious breach of public order, or to a serious crime.
Вариант № 5
Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
EVIDENCE
Before a decision is made on the guilt or innocence of the accused the circumstances of the case must be brought to light.
The investigator and the court base their conclusions concerning the guilt or innocence of the accused on verification and assessment of the evidence. Evidence in the criminal case is facts on the basis of which the organs of inquiry, the investigator and the court establish, in accordance with the law, the existence or absence of a socially dangerous act, the guilt of the person committing the act, and other circumstances of importance in making correct decision in the case.
The investigator, the police, the procurator and the court establish the facts in the case from the testimony of witnesses, the inquired parties, suspects, accused, and the opinions of experts, exhibits, the records of the investigation and court proceedings and other documents.
The investigator, having received information that a crime has been committed, inquires as to the persons who may be of help to him in establishing the circumstances of the case, and summon them as witnesses. To obtain exhibitsthe investigator inspects the crime scene and makes searches and seizures.
For the evidence collected by the investigator to be valid in court it must be presented in the form of documents of investigation to be signed by witnesses, the investigator and other participants in the case and to be without erasures, alterations, etc.
The collection of evidence before the trial is performed in the preliminary investigation. The testimony of witnesses is a type of evidence. A witness is a person who is aware of facts relevant to a criminal case. It is the duty of the witness to give all information at his disposal concerning the case and the accused.
The indictment is the culminating stage of the investigation in which the investigator sets forththe particulars of the crime and the evidence collected in the case and specifies the article of the criminal code covering the acts of the accused.
Vocabulary
the guilt or innocence of the accused the case the investigator verification and assessment of the evidence the criminal case the organs of inquiry the testimony of witnesses the inquired parties suspects court proceedings the crime scene searches and seizures the evidence the trial the preliminary investigation the indictment the article of the criminal code | вина или невиновность обвиняемого дело следователь проверка и оценка доказательств (улик) уголовное дело органы дознания показания свидетелей пострадавшие стороны подозреваемые судебные разбирательства место преступления обыски и изъятия улики, доказательства судебное разбирательство предварительное расследование обвинительное заключение статьи уголовного кодекса |
Задание № 2. Перепишите только верные утверждения по тексту “Evidence”.
1. Before a decision is made on the guilt or innocence of the accused the circumstances of the case must be brought to light.
2. To obtain exhibits the investigator inspects the crime scene and makes searches and seizures.
3. The collection of evidence before the trial is performed in the preliminary investigation.
4. It is not the duty of the witness to give all information at his disposal concerning the case and the accused.
5. The indictment is the first stage of the investigation.
Задание № 3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастиями (Participle I, Participle II), обращая внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Выпишите причастия. Определите их форму и функцию.
1. Constitutional Law is a leading branch of the system of laws.
2. When asked about this book, I didn’t say a word.
3. The having been elected Prime Minister formed the Cabinet.
4. While investigating this case the officer interviewed many eye-witnesses of the crime.
5. Law is a system of rules being established by the state.
6. About 80 percent of criminal and civil cases were tried at the level of a district court.
Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастными оборотами, обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Определите причастные обороты в предложениях.
1. The Parliament consisting of two chambers, each of them has great power in the country.
2. We heard that person being arrested at a crime scene for having committed a serious offence.
3. Freedom of speech and demonstration was reported being violated in that country.
4. The case having been investigated, it was sent to the court.
Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с герундием (Gerund), обратите внимание на особенности его образования и перевода. Определите форму и функцию герундия в предложениях.
1. A criminal investigation department is primarily responsible for detecting crimes.
2. There are different methods of prosecuting offenders.
3. His having pled not guilty does not mean that he is innocent.
4. After being questioned by the investigator the suspect was let go.
5. We can hardly break laws without having been punished.
Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие условные придаточные предложения I, II и III типа. Обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода.
1. If there were no criminals, there would be no lawyers.
2. If I had been in your position, I should have followed a lawyer’s advice.
3. If the police come quickly, the rioter will not run away.
Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на соблюдение правила о согласовании времён.
1. Fingerprints were the main evidence in the crime which had been committed three weeks ago.
2. Everyone realized the police would arrest that person.
3. When we came to the crime scene, the police officer had already recorded all the details of the crime.
4. All the evidence that we had found was presented in the court.
Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие сослагательное наклонение, обращая внимание на особенности его образования и перевода.
1. It is necessary that the witness speak in the court.
2. We could write about this fact in my course-paper.
3. The suspect should be put into prison lest he commit another crime.
4. If the policeman had searched the criminal, he could have found the gun.
5. I wish I could take part in the investigation of this theft.
БИБЛИОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ СПИСОК
1. Бонк, Н.А. Учебник английского языка в 2-х частях / Н.А. Бонк, Г.А. Котий, Н.А. Лукьянова. – М.: Международные отношения, 2001.
2. Васильев, А.В. Английский: правила произношения и чтения, грамматика, разговорный язык / А.В. Васильев. – СПб.: Международные отношения, 2005.
3. Восковская, А.С. Английский язык для вузов: учеб. пособие / А.С. Восковская, Т.А. Карпова. – Ростов-н/Д: Феникс, 2008.
4. Каменский, А.И. Практическая грамматика английского языка: справочное пособие для неязыковых вузов / А.И. Каменский, И.Б. Каменская. – Харьков: ИНЭМ, 2002.
5. Комаровская, С.Д. Английский язык для юристов: учеб. пособие для вузов / С.Д. Комаровская. – М.: Университет, 1998.
6. Кутузов, Л.Ф. Практическая грамматика английского языка / Л.Ф. Кутузов. – М.: Вече, 1998.
7. Куценко, Л.И. Английский язык: учеб. пособие для юридических заведений / Л.И. Куценко, Г.И. Тимофеева. – М.: Щит-М, 2000.
8. Филюшкина, Л.Т. Сборник упражнений к учебнику английского языка Бонк Н.А., Котий Г.А., Лукьяновой Н.А. / Л.Т. Филюшкина, М.П. Фролова. – М.: Международные отношения, 2006.
9. Шевелева, С.А. Английский язык для юристов: учеб. пособие для вузов / С.А. Шевелева. – М.: ЮНИТИ-ДАНА, 1999.
10. URL: http://www.wisegeek.com/
11. URL: http://en.wikipedia
12. URL: http://www.alleng.ru/index.htm
Учебное издание
Ирина Сергеевна Ломайкина
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Методическое пособие
Корректор М.С. Жилина
Компьютерная вёрстка И.М. Титовой
Сан.-эпидем. заключение 11.РЦ.09.953.П.001420.10.08.
Подписано в печать 31.08.2011. Формат 60х84 1/16.
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