Упражнения по теме «Времена группы Simple»
Упражнение 1. Вставь глагол to be в Present, Past or Future Simple.
1. The students … in the Russian Museum. 2. Last month they … in the Hermitage. There … an interesting exhibition there. 3. In two weeks they … in the Tretyakov Gallery. They… lucky. 4. My father … a teacher. 5. He … a pupil twenty years ago. 6. I … a doctor when I grow up. 7. My sister … not at home tomorrow. 8. She … at school tomorrow. 9. … you … at home tomorrow? 10. …your father at work yesterday? 11. My sister … ill last week. 12. She … not ill now. 13. Yesterday we … at the theatre. 14. Where … your mother now? — She … in the kitchen. 15. Where …you yesterday? — I … at the cinema. 16. When I come home tomorrow, all my family … at home. 17. … your little sister in bed now? — Yes, she ….18. … you … at school tomorrow? — Yes, I … . 19. When my granny … young, she … an actress. 20. My friend … in Moscow now. 21. He … in St. Petersburg tomorrow. 22. Where … your books now? — They … in my bag.
Упражнение 2. Вставь глагол to be в Present, Past or Future Simple.
Ronald Frank ... a managing director of the First Bank of Kingsville in Main Street. He ... always on a business trip. Yesterday he ... in Geneva. Tomorrow he ... in London. Last week he ... in Chicago. Next week he ... in New Orleans. At the moment he ... in Amsterdam. In two hours he ... in the Hague. Three days ago he ... in Paris. At the end of his trip he ... usually very tired but happy. He ... with his family now. His sons ... so much excited. They have got new toys from their father. Everybody in the family ... very glad to see him at home again.
Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.
(USUALLY) 1. My working day (to begin) at seven o'clock. I (to get) up, (to switch) on the radio and (to do) my morning exercises. It (to take) me fifteen minutes. My sister (to get) up at eight o'clock. She (to be) a schoolgirl. She (to go) to school in the afternoon. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day. At half past seven we (to have) breakfast. My father and I (to leave) home at eight o'clock. He (to take) a bus to his factory. My mother (to be) a doctor, she (to leave) home at nine o'clock. In the evening we (to gather) in the living room. We (to watch) TV and (to talk).
Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple.
The legend of Lake Naroch.
Many years ago there __________ (live) a girl called Nara. She _____ (can) sing very well and play the psaltery .She _____ (love) a young man and ________ (want) to marry him. One day she was sitting near a large beautiful lake when a rich man ________ (see) her. He _______ (like) Nara so much that he_________ (want) to marry her. As Nara________ (have) a groom (жених) she________ (not want) _______ to marry the rich man. But the rich man_______ (be) very stubborn (упрямый), and his servants ___________ (kill) Nara’s groom and __________ (take) Nara to the rich man’s palace. The girl ______ (be) so unhappy that when everybody was sleeping, she ________ (set) fire to the palace, and _______ (run) away. When the rich man________ (learn) about it, he _____ (send) his servants (слуги) after Nara. As she ___________ (cannot) run away from them, Nara ___________ (dive) into the lake and____________ (die). From that time the lake was named Lake Naroch.
Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple.
1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day.
2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday.
3. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock tomorrow.
4. I (not to go) to the cinema every day.
5. I (not to go) to the cinema yesterday.
6. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow.
7. You (to watch) TV every day?
8. You (to watch) TV yesterday?
9. You (to watch) TV tomorrow?
10.When you (to leave) home for school every day?
11.When you (to leave) home for school yesterday?
12.When you (to leave) home for school tomorrow?
13.My brother (to go) to work every day. He (to leave) home at a quarter past eight. The office where he (to work) is near our house, he (to walk) there. He (not to take) a bus. Yesterday he (not to go) to work. Yesterday he (to get) up at nine o'clock.
14.You (to have) a PT lesson yesterday? — No, I....
15. What you (to buy) at the shop yesterday? — I (to buy) a book.
16. Yesterday my father (not to read) newspapers because he (to be) very busy. He (to read) newspapers tomorrow.
Упражнение 6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple.
1. Не (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons every morning.
2. He (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons yesterday morning.
3. He (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons tomorrow morning.
4. I always (to go) to the village to visit my granny there.
5. I (to be) very busy last summer and I (not to go) there.
6. I (not to go) there next year.
7. Who (to take) care of the child in the future?
8. How often you (to go) to the dentist's?
9. He even (not to know) how to use the washing machine.
10. Two years ago they (to be) rich and money (to be) never a problem.
11. You (to think) you (to be) happy in your new neighborhood?
12. When the cabbage soup (to be) ready?
13. When (to be) your birthday?
14. Who (to create) Mickey Mouse?
Упражнение7. Составь вопросы.
1. The children will ski in winter. (Who? When?)
2. The forest is green in spring. (What? When?)
3. Rabbits wear white fur in winter. (Who? When?)
5. I'll fly to Britain next month. (Who? When? Where?)
6. Yesterday we went to the park. (Who? When? Where?)
7. My friends will go to school tomorrow. (When? Where?)
8. Last year autumn was cold. (What? When?)
9. He swam very well two hours ago. (Who? When?)
10. In the evening I read books. (What? When?)
Упражнение 8. Раскрой скобки. Поставьте глагол в Present Simple Passive.
a. English ____________________ (speak) in many countries.
b. The post ______________________ (deliver) at 7 o’clock every morning.
c. ______________________________ (the building/use) anymore?
d. How often ______________________________ (the Olympic Games(hold)?
e. How _______________________ (your name/spell)?
f. My salary _____________________ (pay) every month.
g. These cars _________________________ (not make) in Japan.
h. The name of the people who committed the crime _____________________ (not know).
Упражнение 9. Раскрой скобки. Поставьте глагол в Past Simple Passive.
a. My car ______________________ (repair) last week.
b. This song ________________________ (not write) by John Lennon.
c. ________________________________ (the phone/answer) by a young girl?
d. The film ________________________ (make) ten years ago.
e. When ______________________________ (tennis/invent)?
f. The car ________________________ (not damage) in the accident.
g. The original building _________________________ (pull) down in 1965.
h. Where ______________________________ (this pot/make)?
i. When _______________________________ (this bridge/build)?
Упражнение 10. Перепишите текст, поставив выделенные глаголы в страдательный залог.
Fire almost completely destroyed the Royal Hotel last night. By the time someone called the Fire Brigade, the hotel was already blazing. Ambulance took fifteen people to hospital suffering from severe burns. They say that seven of them are in a serious condition. People think that a discarded cigarette started the fire.
(E.g.: The Royal Hotel was almost completely destroyed by fire last night By the time the Fire Brigade was called, ...)
Упражнение 11. Раскройте скобки.
1. My car (damage) last night.
2. This computer (make) in the USA.
3. The machine (make) in Scotland.
4. The President (kill) last night.
5. The money (change into dollars) at the bank.
6. The parcel (post) yesterday.
7. Cheese (make) from milk.
Упражнение 12. Постройте предложения в страдательном залоге, используя слова в скобках.
a. We sell tickets for all shows at the Box Office. (Tickets for all shows/sell/at the Box Office)_______________________________________________.
b. Thomas Edison invented the electric light bulb. (The electric light bulb/invent/by Thomas Edison) ________________________________________.
c. Someone painted the office last week. (The office/paint/last week) ___________________________________________________________.
d. Several people saw the accident. (The accident/see/by several people) _____________________________________________________________.
e. Where do they make these video recorders? (Where/these video recorders/make) _________________________________________.
Упражнение 13. Постройте предложения в страдательном залоге.
1. They told me an interesting story yesterday.
2. They offered him a cup of tea.
3. They teach the children French and German.
4. They will show us some new magazines.
5. They gave him an invitation card to the party.
6. The teacher always answers the students’ questions.
7. The team will celebrate their victory tomorrow.
8. I bought this book a week ago.
9. They produce cars in this factory.
10. The police will arrest the robbers.
ВРЕМЕНА ГРУППЫ CONTINUOUS.
Группа Continuous (Progressive) представлена в английском языке временами:
· The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense - настоящее продолженное время,
· The Past Continuous (Progressive) Tense – прошедшее продолженное время,
· The Future Continuous (Progressive) Tense – будущее продолженное
время.
Времена группы Continuous обозначают действия, которые протекают, протекали или будут протекать в определённый момент настоящего, прошедшего или будущего времени. Дополнительной характеристикой является процесс, т.е. незаконченность выполнения данного действия на определённый момент времени.
Любое время группы Continuous образуется по общей схеме:
| to be + Participle I (Ving) |
V — это глагол.
Present Continuous: I am listening to the radio. - Я слушаю радио.
Past Continuous: When he came in I was listening to the radio. – Когда он вошел, я слушал радио.
Future Continuous: When you come I shall be listening to the radio. – Когда ты придешь, я буду слушать радио.
The Present Continuous Tense (Настоящее продолженное время).
Образование Present ContinuousTense.
1. The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем времени и причастия настоящего времени Present Participle:
| am is Ving are |
Present Participle образуется от инфинитива без частицы to с помощью прибавления суффикса –ing: to do – doing.
· Если глагол заканчивается на «e», а перед ней стоит согласная, то «e» исчезает: use-using, manage — managing. Но: dye — dyeing.
· Буква «l» на конце слова удваивается: travel — travelling.
· А вот «у», несмотря на предыдущие согласные или гласные буквы, сохраняется: stay — staying, study — studying.
· Согласная после краткого ударного слога удваивается: stop — stopping, sit — sitting.
· «ie» меняется на «y» на конце глагола: die — dying.
2. Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи частицы not, которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола: I am not working. He is notworking. We are not working.
3. В вопросительной форме вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим: Am I working? Is he working? Are you working?
| Время | Утвердительная форма | Отрицательная форма | Вопросительная форма |
| Present | I am working. She (he) is working. You (we, they) are working. | I am not working. She (he) is not working. You (we, they) are not working. | Am I working? Is she (he) working Are you (we, they) working? |
В разговорном английском языке вместо полных форм обычно употребляется сокращенные: is not - isn’t [iznt], are not -aren’t [a:nt]
Употребление Present Continuous Tense.
1. Для выражения длительного действия, совершающегося в момент речи:
· She is typing a letter. - Она печатает письмо (сейчас).
Глаголы в форме настоящего продолженного времени часто употребляются с обстоятельствами now - сейчас, at the moment - в настоящий момент. Однако часто эти слова в предложении отсутствуют, так как они всегда очевидны из самой формы глагола.
2. Для выражения длительного действия, совершающегося в настоящий период времени, хотя и не обязательно в момент речи:
· Не is writing a new play. - Он пишет новую пьесу.
3. Для обозначения действий, являющихся постоянной характеристикой определенного человека. Речь говорящего в этом случае приобретает эмоциональный оттенок (раздражение, похвала, осуждение и т.п.). В таких предложениях, как правило, есть наречия always, constantly:
· Oh, I have no patience with you! Why areyou always losing your keys? - О, мое терпение лопает! Почему ты всегда теряешь ключи?
4. Для обозначения запланированного действия в будущем, когда высказывается намерение совершить действие или уверенность в его совершении (часто употребляется с глаголами движения):
· The teacher is making a test on Monday. - Преподаватель проведет контрольную в понедельник.
5. Глаголы состояния в Continuous не употребляется, т.к. они сами обозначают процесс. Эти глаголы употребляются в Simple:
- to love (любить);
- to have (иметь);
-to look (выглядеть);
- to think (думать);
- to want (хотеть);
- to live (жить);
- to be (быт, находиться);
- to feel (чувствовать);
- to see (видеть);
- to know (знать);
- to remember (помнить);
- to hear (слышать);
- to stay (оставаться);
Исключение составляет тот случай, когда хотят показать, что данное состояние временное.
· How are you feeling? - Great. – Как ты себя чувствуешь? –Великолепно.
Некоторые из вышеперечисленных глаголов могут использоваться в форме Соntinuous, но значение их при этом меняется:
| Verb | Simple | Continuous |
| To think | в значении "иметь мнение" What do you think of classical music? – Что ты думаешь о классической музыке? | в значении "иметь что-то в мыслях, думать", т.к. это умственная деятельность, а не состояние: You aren’t listening to me? What are you thinking about? – Ты меня не слышишь? О чем ты думаешь? |
| To have | в значении "иметь, владеть" I have a big family. -У меня большая семья. | в составе словосочетаний: have a shower have a bath have breakfast/lunch/dinner have a good time have a headache/toothache He is having his lunch. – Он обедает. |
| To see | "понимать,видеть" I see you. - Я вижу вас. I see what you mean. - Я понимаю, о чем вы. | в значении "встречаться, видеться с кем-либо" I am seeing my dentist tomorrow. - Завтра я встречаюсь со своим стоматологом. |
| To feel | в значении "быть на ощупь" Wool feels soft .- Шерсть мягкая на ощупь. | "касаться, трогать, дотрагиваться, щупать" The doctor is feeling my forehead. - Врач трогает мой лоб. |
| To look | "выглядеть, иметь вид" You look tired. – Ты выглядишь усталой. | "смотреть на что-либо" What are you looking at? – На что ты смотришь? |