Дополните предложения подходящим словом.

Exercises

a) She hasn’t got ______________ friends. (some / any)

b) I didn’t do ______________ work today. (much / many)

c) She didn’t eat ______________ food. (much / many)

d) There aren’t ______________ trees in the garden. (much / many)

e) I haven’t read ______________ books. (many / much)

f) We have planted ______________ roses in the garden. (some / any)

g) Don’t waste ______________ time watching TV. (much / many)

h) She can speak ______________ languages. (much / many)

i) She hasn’t got ______________ cars. (some / any)

j) If you find ______________ strawberries, keep some for me. (any / some)

k) You can borrow ______________ book you like. (many / any)

2. Дополните предложения much, many, (a) little, (a) few.

a) There were very ______________ people at the concert. The hall was almost empty.

b) – Cream? Yes please. But only _______________ sugar. I don’t like my coffee too sweet.

c) There weren’t ______________ students at the university yesterday. Were they on strike?

d) _____________ people go there because they’ve opened some nice cafés.

e) We’ve got very ___________ eggs, so we can only make one small omelette.

f) - Did you read any books during your holiday? - Not ______________. I didn’t have __________ time to sit down and relax.

g) - How _______________ money have you got? - Only _________________.

h) It’s a small car. There is very ________________ room in it.

i) My brother is very popular. He’s got ______________ friends.

j) I must hurry. I’ve got very ______________ time.

3. Дополните предложения правильным вариантом: few/a few, little or a little.

a) Hurry! We’ve got ______________ time.

b) I saw Tom ______________ days ago.

c) If what you say is true, there is ______________ we can do about it.

d) I can’t let you use much of this perfume. There’s only ______________ in the bottle.

e) This town isn’t very well-known and there isn’t much to see, so ______________ tourists come here.

f) I don’t think Jill would be a good teacher. She’s got ______________ patience with children.

g) “Would you like some more cake?” – “Yes, please, but only ______________ .”

h) There are very ______________ scholarships for students in this university.

i) We didn’t have any money but Ann had ______________ .

j) This is not the first time the car has broken down. It has happened ______________ times before.

k) There is a shortage of water because there has been very ______________ rain recently.

a) Not all the children went outside. ______________ of them stayed in the classroom.

b) I have to go to the supermarket. There isn’t ______________ coffee left.

c) How ______________ bottles of water do we need?

d) Would you like ______________ milk? Yes, please. Just ______________.

e) The land is not suitable for agriculture, so ______________ food is imported.

f) There are only ______________ students ready for the lesson.

g) How ______________ people live in this house?

h) Can you tell me ______________ about your life in London?

Местоимения something, nothing, anything, somebody, nobody, anybody, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere

Эти местоимения образованы от местоимений some, no, any и подчиняются тем же грамматическим правилам.

Утвердительные предложения	Отрицательные, вопросительные предложения	Отрицательные предложения
somebody кто-то	anybody кто-нибудь	nobody никто
something что-то	anything что-нибудь	nothing ничего
somewhere где-то	anywhere где-нибудь	nowhere нигде

С местоимениями something, nothing, anything, somebody, nobody, anybody употребляются глаголы 3 лица единственного числа.

There is somebody in the room. — В комнате кто-то есть.

There is something on the table. — На столе что-то есть.

Is there anybody in the room?— В комнате кто-то есть?

Is there anything on the table? — На столе что-то есть?

There is nobody in the room. — В комнате никого нет.

There is nothing on the table. — На столе ничего нет.

При наличии в предложении местоимений nothing, nobody, nowhere дополнительных отрицаний не требуется.

Nobody knows him. — Никто его не знает.

She has nothing in her bag. — У нее в сумке ничего нет.

I can't find him. Не isnowhere. — Я не могу его найти. Его нигде нет.

Exercises

Дополните предложения словами somebody / something / somewhere or anybody / anything / anywhere.

a) There is ______________ in the bathroom.

b) Did ______________ answer the telephone?

c) Come in. I have to tell you ______________.

d) Is there _____________ interesting to go to over the weekend?

e) _______________ took my car keys.

f) I didn’t say ______________ at the meeting.

g) For me a good place to go on vacation is _______________ by the sea.

h) She’s sure her children are hiding _______________ in the house.

i) I’m so hungry! I would eat ____________.

j) I can do it by myself. I don’t need ____________ to help me.

Present Simple

Образование	Употребление	Временные выражения
Утвердительная	1.Регулярно повторяющееся действие. E.g. I get up at 7 o’clock. 2. Постоянно неизменное действие (или действие, которое остаётся неизменным в течение долгого периода времени). E.g. Vegetarians don’t eatmeat. She worksin a bank. 3.Действие, происходящее в момент речи (с глаголами, которые не употребляются в Present Continues). E.g. I don’t understand this sentence. 4.Будущее действие в придаточных предложениях в решении реального условия. E.g. If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home. I will ring you when he comes back. 5. Будущее действие, которое произойдет по расписанию E.g. The train leaves at 17.40.	Every day, every other day, often, usually, as usual, seldom, rarely, always, never, sometimes, from time to time, as a rule, regularly, twice a week. Now, at the present moment If, when, until, before, after, as soon as unless, as long as. Tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, soon, in a day, tonight, next morning at 5 pm.
I We You They	live work	he she it	lives works
Отрицательная форма
I We You They	don’tlive work
He She It	doesn’tlive work
Отрицательная
Where do	I we you they	live?
Where does	he she it	live?

Exercises

Present Continuous

Образование	Употребление	Временные выражения
Утвердительная	1.Действие, совершающееся в момент речи E.g. He is reading a book at the moment. 2.Действие, совершающееся в настоящий период времени E.g. She is writing a new novel. 3. Будущее действие, когда высказывается намерение совершить действие или уверенность в его совершении E.g. I am leaving for London tomorrow.	now, at present, at this moment, at the moment Now, at the present moment tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in a day, next week, soon, tonight,
I You We They He She It	am are is	working
Отрицательная форма
I You We They He She It	am not are not is not	working
Вопросительная
Where	am are is	I you we they he she it	working?

Exercises

Present Perfect

Образование	Употребление	Временные выражения
Утвердительная форма	1. Действие, совершившееся к настоящему моменту, результат которого имеется налицо в настоящем времени а) с временными выражениями, выражающими период времени, который еще не закончился: E.g. I have read this book today. b) со словами just, yet, already E.g. I have already seen this film. 2.Описание опыта человека: Е.g. I have never been to London. 3. Действие, начавшееся в прошлом и продолжающееся в настоящем E.g. I have known her since we came to this town. I haven’t seen him for a month.	today, this week, this month, this century, this year yet, already, just ever never for, since
I You We They	have	worked played gone
He She It	has
Отрицательная форма
I You We They	haven’t	worked played gone
He She It	hasn’t
Вопросительная форма
Have	I you we they	worked played gone
Has	he she it

Exercises

1. Составьте предложения об этих людях:

Example: Alice is a journalist.

meet/ a lot of famous people

She has met a lot of famous people.

a) Robert Swam is an explorer.

be/North Pole __________________________.

never/get lost __________________________.

b) Bill and Sophie are unemployed.

not have/a job for six months___________________________.

not have/a holiday since Christmas___________________________.

not be/in the cinema for a year___________________________.

c) Sandra is a tennis player.

play/since she was six ___________________________.

not win/ a senior competition ___________________________.

never play/at Wimbledon ___________________________.

2. Составьте вопросы в Present Perfect, используя слова, данные в скобках:

a) (you/ever/be/to South America?) ___________________________.

b) (you/read/any English books?) ___________________________.

c) (you/live/in this town all your life?) ___________________________.

d) (how many times/you/be/in love?) ___________________________.

e) (what’s the most beautiful country you/ever/visit?) ___________________________.

f) (you ever/speak/to a famous person?) ___________________________.

g) (you/read/a newspaper recently?) ___________________________.

h) (you/see/Tom in the past few days?) ___________________________.

i) (you/play/tennis recently?) ___________________________.

j) (you/eat/anything today?) ___________________________.

3. Напишите следующие предложения в Present Perfect, используя since или for:

a) Jack lives in Bolton. (since he was born) Jack ___________________________.

b) Bill is unemployed. (since April) Bill ___________________________.

c) Ann has a bad cold. (for the last few days) ___________________________.

d) I want to go to the moon. (since I was a child) ___________________________.

e) My brother is studying languages at university. (for two years) ___________________________.

f) Tim and Jane are working in Sheffield. (since February) ________________________.

g) My cousin is in the army. (since he was 17) ___________________________.

5. Переведите следующие предложения с русского языка на английский:

a) Я никогда не читал этой книги.

b) Я не видел его с лета.

c) Я уже говорил вам об этом два раза. Разве вы не помните?

d) Вы написали это упражнение очень плохо. Напишите его ещё раз.

e) Его здесь нет. Он только что вышел.

f) Мы знаем друг друга с тех пор, как я переехал в этот город.

g) Я ещё не видел этот фильм, но я много о нём слышал.

Past Simple

Образование	Употребление	Временные выражения
Утвердительная форма	1.Завершившееся действие в прошлом. E.g. I met him yesterday. 2.Обычное, повторяющееся действие в прошлом E.g. In summer I went for long walks after breakfast. 3.Последовательные действия в прошлом E.g. He put on his coat, took his umbrella and left the house.	yesterday, the day before yesterday three days ago, last year, month in February on Sunday in summer every day, seldom, usually, never, sometimes, as a rule, regularly, twice a week then, after that
I He She It We You They	finished arrived went	yesterday
Отрицательная форма
I He/She/It We You They	didn’t(did not)	arrive finish go	yesterday
Вопросительная форма
Did	I he/she/it we you they	arrive? finish? go?

Exercises

Past Continuous

Образование	Употребление	Временные выражения
Утвердительная форма	1. Действие, совершавшееся в определенный момент в прошлом E.g. It was raining at five o’clock yesterday. 2. В некоторых придаточных предложениях времени с while, as (пока, в то время как), when(когда) E.g. The phone rang, while I was having a shower.	Yesterday at five o’clock, at that time, while as when
You We They	were	playing
I He She It	was
Отрицательная форма
You We They	weren’t	playing
I He She It	wasn’t
Вопросительная форма
Were	you we they	Playing?
Was	I he she it

Exercises

1. Сделайте предложения в Past Continuous (утвердительные, отрицательные или вопросы):

a) (they / take the exam?) __________________________________________________________________

b) (when / he / work there?) __________________________________________________________________

c) (you / make dinner?) __________________________________________________________________

d) (they / drink coffee when you arrived?) __________________________________________________________________

e) (when / we / sleep?) __________________________________________________________________

f) (they / study last night) __________________________________________________________________

g) (we / talk when the accident happened) __________________________________________________________________

h) (he / not / exercise enough) __________________________________________________________________

i) (I / talk too much?) __________________________________________________________________

j) (it / not / snow) __________________________________________________________________

k) (how / they / feel?) __________________________________________________________________

l) (they / not / talk) __________________________________________________________________

m) (why / he / study on a Saturday night?) __________________________________________________________________

n) (I / go to school when you saw me) __________________________________________________________________

o) (you / sleep at 6am) __________________________________________________________________

p) (she / work when I called) __________________________________________________________________

q) (we / not / leave when you called) __________________________________________________________________

r) (we / make too much noise?) __________________________________________________________________

2. Выберите правильную форму глагола (Past Simple/Past Continuous)для следующих предложений:

a) I ________ - I didn't hear you come in.

a) was sleeping b) slept

b) I ________ to see her twice, but she wasn't home.

a) was coming b) came

c) What ________? I was watching TV.

a) did you do b) were you doing

d) Robin Hood was a character who ________ from the rich and gave to the poor.

a) stole b) was stealing

e) Hey, did you talk to her? Yes, I ________ to her.

a) was talking b) talked

f) I ________ home very late last night.

a) came b) was coming

g) How long ________ the flu?

a) did you have b) were you having

h) ________ a good time in Brazil? Yes, I had a lot of fun!

a) Were you having b) Did you have

i) We ________ breakfast when she walked into the room.

a) had b) were having

j) Last month I decided to buy a new car, and today I finally ________ it.

a) bought b) was buying

Past Perfect

Образование	Употребление	Временные выражения
Утвердительная форма	1. Действие, совершившееся до определенного момента в прошлом. E.g. After the sun had set, we decided to return home. 2. Past Perfect употребляется в главном предложении при наличии наречий: hardly…when (едва, не успел как, как только) scarcely…when no sooner…when В последующем придаточном предложении употребляется Past Simple. He had hardly (scarcely) entered the house, when it started to rain. - Едва он вошел в дом, как начался дождь. No sooner had he arrived, than he fell ill. – Не успел он приехать, как заболел.	after, before, when + придаточное предложение времени
I You He She It We They	had	worked played gone
Отрицательная форма
I You He She It We They	hadn’t	worked played gone
Вопросительная форма
Had	I you he she it we they	worked played gone

Exercises

1. Дополните следующие предложения, используя глаголы, данные в скобках:

a) My best friend, Kevin, was no longer there. He ______________ (go) away.

b) The local cinema was no longer open. It ______________ (close) down.

c) Mr. Johnson was no longer alive. He ______________ (die).

d) I didn’t recognize Mrs. Johnson. She ______________ (change) a lot.

e) Bill no longer had his car. He ______________ (sell) it.

f) The woman was a complete stranger to me. I ______________ (never/ see) her before.

g) Tom wasn’t at home when I arrived. He ______________ (just/ go out).

h) We arrived at the cinema late. The film ______________ (already/ begin).

2. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в нужном времени - Past Simple или Past Perfect:

a) The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody ______________ (go) to bed.

b) I felt very tired when I got home, so I ______________ (go) straight to bed.

c) Sorry I’m late. The car ______________ (break) down on my way here.

d) There was a car by the side of the road. It ______________ (break) down and the driver was trying to repair it. So we ______________ (stop) to see if we could help.

e) I ______________ (be) sorry that I ______________ (not be) nicer to him.

f) Nobody ______________ (come) to the meeting because Angela ______________ (forget) to tell people about it.

g) I ______________ (see) her before somewhere – I ______________ (know).

h) Because he ______________ (not check) the oil for so long, the car ______________ (break) down.

i) She couldn’t find the book that I ______________ (lend) her.

j) They ______________ (never find) where he ______________ (hide) the money.

k) It was a firm I ______________ (never hear) of.

l) When she ______________ (come) in, we all knew where she ______________ (be).

m) The lesson ______________ (already start) when I ______________ (arrive).

3. Соедините следующие пары предложений, используя союзы , данные в скобках. Один из глаголов поставьте в Past Perfect:

a) I read the letter. I threw it away. (when)

________________________________________________________________

b) He passed his driving test. He bought a car. (as soon as)

________________________________________________________________

c) I took the book back to the library. I finished reading it. (when)

________________________________________________________________

d) I didn’t go to bed. I did my homework. (until)

________________________________________________________________

e) I spent all my money. I went home. (when)

________________________________________________________________

f) I read the book. I saw the film. (before)

________________________________________________________________

g) Her children left home. She started writing. (after)

________________________________________________________________

h) I listened to the news. I went to bed.

________________________________________________________________

i) They finished their work. They went home. (when)

________________________________________________________________

j) My stomach-ache disappeared. I took some medicine. (after)

________________________________________________________________

4. Переведите следующие предложения с русского языка на английский:

a) Когда я зашёл за своим другом, его сестра сказала, что он ушёл час назад.

b) Он рассказал мне о многих городах, которые он посетил во время своих путешествий.

c) Я не мог ответить на вопросы преподавателя, потому что я ничего не повторял перед экзаменом.

d) Когда мы пришли в театр, спектакль уже начался, и наши места были заняты.

e) После того, как я написал письмо другу, я пошел смотреть телевизор.

f) Она не могла найти книгу, которую я ей одолжил.

g) Она рассказала мне, что она работала во Франции и Германии.

h) Когда я пришел на автостоянку, я понял, что потерял ключи.

i) Это была фирма, о которой я никогда не слышал.

j) У меня перестала болеть голова после того, как я принял лекарство.

Present Simple

We use cranes for lifting heavy weights.

Мы применяем краны для подъёма тяжелых грузов.

Cranes are used for lifting heavy weights.

Краны применяются для подъема тяжелых грузов.

Past Simple

The customs officers examined our luggage yesterday.

Таможенники осмотрели наш багаж вчера.

Our luggage was examined by the customs officers yesterday.

Наш багаж был осмотрен таможенниками вчера.

Future Simple

They will build the bridge next year.

Они построят мост в будущем году.

The bridge will be build next year.

Мост будет построен в будущем году.

Future Simple in the Past

He said that they would build the bridge next year.

Он сказал, что они построят мост в будущем году.

He said that the bridge would be build next year.

Он сказал, что мост будет построен в будущем году.

Present Continuous

They are discussing this question at the meeting.

Они обсуждают этот вопрос на собрании (сейчас).

This question is being discussed at the meeting.

Этот вопрос обсуждается на собрании (сейчас).

Past Continuous

They were discussing this question when I entered the room.

Они обсуждали этот вопрос, когда я вошел в комнату.

This question was being discussed when I entered the room.

Этот вопрос обсуждался, когда я вошел в комнату.

Present Perfect

The typist has just typed the letter.

Машинистка только что напечатала письмо.

The letter has just been typed.

Письмо только что напечатано.

Past Perfect

She showed me the article, which her brother had translated.

Она показала мне статью, которую перевел ее брат.

She showed me the article, which had been translated by her brother.

Она показала мне статью, которая переведена ее братом.

Future Perfect

I will have translated the article by six o’clock.

Я (уже) переведу статью к шести часам.

The article will have been translated by 6 o’clock.

Статья будет (уже) переведена к шести часам.

Exercises

1. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам и словосочетаниям.

a) She has been hired by the company.

b) Moscow University was founded by Lomonosov.

c) I am sure you will be promoted soon.

d) He understood that he was being watched.

e) This man is very much talked about.

f) I was taught music and singing at school.

g) He is very foolish and is often laughed at.

h) The doctor was sent for half an hour ago.

i) The film is much spoken about because it is full of action.

Amy Johnson

The first woman pilot to fly to Australia

(English, 1903-1941)

disappeared joined help didn’t succeed returned tried were married was taught was introduced was written

Amy Johnson (a) _____________ the London Aeroplane Club when she was still a schoolgirl. There, she (b) ____________ how to service planes and she (c) ____________ to a pilot called Jim Mollison, who

(d) ____________ the record for a flight to Australia. In 1930, Amy (e) ___________ to beat his record. She (f) ____________ , but she was still the first woman to fly to Australia. When she (g) ________________ , she and Jim Mollison (h) ____________ . Amy was very popular and a song (i) ____________ about her: Amy, wonderful Amy! Her death is a mystery. During the war, in 1941, she and her aeroplane (j) _____________ into the sea.

Examples

Somebody stole my handbag. My handbag was stolen.

Nobody asked him to come. He wasn’t asked to come.

a) Somebody robbed the bank last night.

The bank _________________________________

b) Somebody told me to wait outside.

I ________________________________________

c) Nobody invited her to the party.

She _____________________________________

d) Somebody drove them to the airport.

They ____________________________________

e) Nobody sent us any tickets.

We _____________________________________

f) Did anybody find the missing child?

Was ____________________________________

g) Did anything disturb you in the night?

Were ___________________________

Present Perfect passive

10. В следующих предложениях подчеркните правильную глагольную форму (активный или пассивный залог). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

a) Tom’s just promoted/’s just been promoted to area manager of Eastern Europe.

b) I’ve applied/’ve been applied for a new job

c) How many times have you made/have you been made redundant?

d) Bob’s wife has just lost/has just been lost her job.

e) My father has taken/has been taken early retirement.

f) My brother has given/has been given the sack. His boss said he was lazy.

g) The number of people out of work has risen/has been risen to nearly 3 million.

h) A strike has called/has been called by the air traffic controllers.

i) They haven’t offered/haven’t been offered more money by the management.

j) How much money have you saved/have you been saved for your retirement?