VI. Read the sentences and translate them into Russian.

Comment on the use of Tenses and Voices:

1. About two hundred years ago man lived in harmony with nature, because industry was not much developed.

2. Today the contradictions between man and nature are dramatic.

3. Every year world industry throws out into atmosphere about 1,000million tons of dust and other harmful substances.

4. The pollution of the air, oceans, seas rivers and lakes, and the destruction of the ozone layer could lead our planet to a global catastrophe.

5. The Earth is our home, that is why we must take care of it, for ourselves and for the next generations.

6. More than twenty years ago a pulp-and-paper factory was built on the shore of Lake Baikal.

7. As a result, because of the water pollution, more than 50 per cent of the world’s purest water have been ruined.

8. The whole ecological system of the lake has changed greatly.

9. Some organisms that can be found only in Lake Baikal are disappearing, trees are dying from the dust and gas blow-outs of the factory.

10. Lake Baikal and its shores have been declared a specially protected zone of the country.

11. There is a hope that one of the most beautiful and the deepest Lakes of the world will never die.

VIII. Read and retell the story

We must protect our environment.

Our country. Our environment. There are many big and small rivers, green forests, high mountains, lakes and seas in Russia.

Our Earth is our home. I think people must take care of our Motherland.

There are some laws and decisions on this important subject. We have state organizations which pay attention to this problem.

The international conventions pay much attention to the control of pollution too.

There are a lot of industrial enterprises in our country, that’s why we can’t ignore the problem of the protection of our environment. Our main aim is protection. Our environment must be clean. What must we do for it? We have to control atmospheric and water pollution, to study man’s influence on the climate. The pollution of the environment influences the life of animals, plants and human life. If we don’t use chemicals in a proper way we’ll pollute our environment.

There are many kinds of transport in our big cities, that is why we must pay attention to the protection of our nature and the health of people.

Radiation. Now it has become one of the main problems. It is not good for health of people. Many people died from radiation some years ago in Chernobyl. It was a tragedy. Another problem is earthquakes. Our scientists try to forecast earthquakes, then we can protect ourselves from them.

People all over the world do everything to protect their nature, to make their country richer, to make their life happier.

Conclusion / Заключение

В первой части данных методических указаний представлены отдельные уроки, содержащие тексты общеобразовательной направленности, упражнения к ним, направленные на активизацию и закрепление терминологической лексики. Для закрепления навыков устной речи по общеобразовательным темам снабжены системой различных упражнений, разработанных авторами с учетом специфики курса, задания подобраны для различных уровней владения иностранным языком.

Вторая часть указаний рекомендована для самостоятельного обучения. Тексты для дополнительного чтения (Additional Reading) в третьей части служат для закрепления навыков перевода, расширения общенаучного кругозора студентов, а также носят воспитательный характер.

Работа с пособием предполагает аудиторные групповые занятия под руководством преподавателя, обязательную самостоятельную работу студента, выполняемую во внеаудиторное время, индивидуальную самостоятельную работу студента под руководством преподавателя.

Используемая литература:

1. Самаркина Н. Г. Охрана окружающей среды (на английском языке): Метод. разработка разговорной речи для студ. I-II курсов всех спец. — Астрахань: АГТУ, 1999. — 11 с.

2. Тажетдинова Н.С. Методическая разработка "The Astrakhan region". — Астрахань: АГТУ, 1999.

3. Филюшкина Л.Т., Фролова М.П. Сборник упражнений к учебнику английского языка авторов Н.А.Бонк, Н.А.Котий, Л.Г.Лукьяновой: Учебное пособие. – М.: Междунар. отношения. 1995. – 160 с.

4. Цветкова И. В., Клепальчецко И.А., Мыльцева Н.А. АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК для школьников и ПОСТУПАЮЩИХ В ВУЗЫ УСТНЫЙ ЭКЗАМЕН ИЗДАНИЕ ПЯТОЕ Авторы и составители: Цветкова И. В., Клепальчецко И.А., Мыльцева Н.А. МОСКВА ГЛОССА-ПРЕСС 2004

5. Vince M. Macmillan English Grammar in Context. With CD ROM. Macmillan Publishers Limited. Oxford. 2012.

6. http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/natural-disasters

7.http://www.newzealand.com/int/feature/new-zealand-geography-and-geology/