I. Finite forms of the verb. The active voice.
PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH
Методические указания по английскому языку
для студентов электротехнических
и энергетических направлений магистратуры
Омск
Издательство ОмГТУ
2015
Составитель Э. Г. Беззатеева
Методические указания содержат упражнения, направленные на формирование у студентов коммуникативных умений в сфере профессионально ориентированного общения.
Предназначены для студентов электротехнических и энергетических направлений магистратуры, изучающих английский язык в технических вузах.
Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета
Омского государственного технического университета
© ОмГТУ, 2015
MODULE 1
Grammar Review
II. Finite forms of the verb. The passive voice.
1. Изучите таблицу, вспомните правила образования временных форм в страдательном залоге.
| Simple (to be + Participle II) | Continuous (to be + being + Participle II) | Perfect (to have + been + Participle II) | |
| Present | is (am, are) + P II is (am, are) + linked | is (am, are) + being + P II is (am, are) + being + linked | have (has) + been + P II have (has) + been + linked |
| Past | was (were) + P II was (were) + linked | was (were) + being + P II was (were) + being + linked | had + been + P II had + been + linked |
| Future | Will + be + P II Will + be + linked | Не употребляется | Will + have + been + P II Will + have + been + linked |
2. Выполните тренировочное упражнение на образование временных форм в страдательном залоге. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную форму глагола.
1. The papers ... just by the chief engineer (to sign). 2. The newspapers ... already by me (to look through). 3. The proposal ... by that time (to discuss). 4. The invitation ... tomorrow (to send). 5. The report ... by 6 o’clock (to publish). 6. The new plan of the reconstruction of the current electricity grids ... still (to work out). 7. The contract ... tomorrow (to sign). 8. I knew that he ... to increase the efficiency (to allow). 9. He left the room when the second item of the contract ... still (to discuss). 10. He could not understand why he ... by nobody for such a long time (to visit). 11. What is going on here? – The results of the experiment (discuss) by the researchers. 12. I just (introduce) the potential advantages of renewable energy sources. 13. The article on Power Electronics in Smart Electrical Energy Networks(to translate) by the time you return.
3. Упражнение для самостоятельной работы. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную форму глагола.
1. The email (to type) by the personal secretary when I came in. 2. I am sure that his work (to complete) by the end of the month. 3. A new study just (to bring). Would you like to look them through? 4. The instructions usually (to correct) by the boss in the morning. 5. I can’t show you my paper as it not (to return) by my supervisor. 6. Many new houses (to build) in our town lately. 7. We think that the delivery (to make) next week. 8. The goods not (to examine) yet at the custom-house. When they (to examine)? 9. Storage technologies should (to discuss) thoroughly. 10. Transformers (to use) in modern electric power systems. 11. Higher voltages can (to transmit) more efficiently over long distances. 12. The lines of high-voltage transmission systems usually (composed) of wires of copper, aluminium or copper-clad or aluminium-clad steel.
Вспомните правило построения конструкции Complex Object с инфинитивом.
| construction | example |
| Complex Object noun (общ. падеж) + Inf. pron. (объектн. падеж) | We believe her to be in Paris now. She wanted me to return soon. We expect him to come here. |
MODULE 2
Задание для работы в группе под контролем преподавателя. Прочитайте и переведите текст, обращая внимание на особенности грамматических структур в предложениях. Проанализируйте их, используя данные таблицы упражнения 1.
Solar Energy
No other energy source compares to the energy potential of sunshine. Looking at the image above, make sure to note that circles for Coal, Uranium, Petroleum, and Natural Gas are TOTAL recoverable reserves, whereas the renewable energy circles (including the giant solar energy one) are for energy potential per year.
The bottom line: Solar energy is the most abundant energy source on the planet, by far.
For a micro-scale example, the solar energy hitting the state of Texas each month is equal to the total amount of energy the Texas oil and gas industry has ever produced.
Now, a lot of politicians and people connected to or confused by the fossil fuel industry like to contend that solar power is expensive. Well, to put the matter bluntly: No, it’s not.
Technology improvements and policies to promote research, development, and installation of solar have resulted in tremendous drops in the cost of solar power over the past several years. Even without taking important health and safety costs (note that a Harvard study concluded in 2011 that the health costs of coal are $500 billion a year in the U.S.), environmental costs, energy security costs, and other social costs into account, solar is already cost-competitive with new electricity from conventional energy options like coal and nuclear energy (if you take into account how long it would take coal or nuclear plants to get built) — see the graphs below.
3. Задание для самостоятельной работы. Прочитайте и переведите текст, обращая внимание на особенности грамматических структур в предложениях. Проанализируйте особенности грамматических структур предложений в тексте.
Задание для работы в группе под контролем преподавателя. Прочитайте и переведите текст, обращая внимание на структурно-семантические особенности используемых в тексте терминов. Проанализируйте их.
Ground Continuity Monitors
Ground check monitors are used to detect problems in equipment ground conductors. Mobile equipment typically has an extra wire, or pilot wire, routed with the phase conductors. A monitor uses this pilot wire to send a signal down to the equipment to a terminating device, where the signal is sent back on the equipment ground conductor to the monitor. The monitor continuously monitors this loop for open or short circuits, indicating that a problem has occurred. The monitor provides an alarm for this condition. As an example, portable loads are grounded via single or multiple conductors in a trailing cable. A ground fault on a portable load will cause fault current to flow through the ground conductors and all other ground-return paths. A hazardous touch voltage can develop when the ground conductor opens and a ground fault develops, assuming there is not enough current to trip a ground-fault relay. If the portable equipment has rubber tires or is not in good contact with earth, then the next person to touch the equipment under fault conditions will become part of the ground-return path.
MODULE 3
Writing an Abstract
Abstract
During the last years wind power has emerged as one of the most important sources in the power generation share. Due to stringent Grid Code requirements, wind power plants (WPPs) should provide ancillary services such as fault ride-through and damping of power system oscillations to resemble conventional generation. Through an adequate selection of input–output signal pairs, WPPs can be effectively used to provide electromechanical oscillations damping. In this paper, different analysis techniques considering both controllability and observability measures and input–output interactions are compared and critically examined. Recommendations are drawn to select the best signal pairs available from WPPs to contribute to power oscillations damping. Control system design approaches including single-input single-output and multivariable control are considered. The recommendation of analysis techniques is justified through the tools usage in a test system including a WPP.
Smart devices
End user devices are comprised of state-of-the-art electronic hardware and software capable of data collection or measurement in desired time intervals and time stamping. These devices have an established communication with remote data center and are capable of transmission of such information to various parties in required time slots set by system administrator. Unlike Automatic Meter Reading (AMR), communication in AMI is bidirectional; therefore, smart devices or load controlling devices can accept command signals and act accordingly. At the consumer level, a smart device is a meter that communicates consumption data to both the user and the service provider. In-Home Displays (IHD) illustrate the smart devices’ data to consumers; making them aware of their energy usage. Utility (electricity, gas, water) pricing information supplied by the service provider enables load controlling devices (e.g. smart thermostats) to regulate consumption based on pre-set user criteria and directives. Where Distributed Energy Resources (DER) or storages are available, the system can come up with an optimized solution in terms of share of each source in answering the demand.
From the measured phenomenon point of view, smart meters have three distinct categories in broadest view: electrical, fluid, and thermal. There are also a number of sensors or devices that measure factors like humidity, temperature and light which contribute in utility consumption. The sensors could be expanded based on the needs and desire of user or system designer, considering their cost and functionality. Home automation systems deal with the proper selection, placement and utilization of various sensors within the home premises. Smart meters have two functions: measurement and communication, and therefore each meter has two sub-systems: metrology and communication. The metrology part varies depending on a number of factors including region, measured phenomenon, required accuracy, level of data security, application. There are also multiple factors, including security and encryption, which define the suitable communication method. There are a number of essential functionalities meters should have regardless of the type or quantity of their measurement.
These functionalities include:
1. Quantitative measurement: the meter should be able to accurately measure the quantity of the medium using different physical principles, topologies and methods.
2. Control and calibration: although varies based on the type, in general, the meter should be able to compensate the small variations in the system.
3. Communication: sending stored data and receiving operational commands as well as the ability to receive upgrades of firmware.
4. Power management: in the event of a primary source of energy going down, the system should be able to maintain its functionality.
5. Display: customers should be able to see the meter information since this information is the base for billing. A display is also needed as demand management at customer end will not be possible without the customer’s knowledge of the real time consumption.
6. Synchronization: timing synchronization is critical for reliable transmission of data to central hub or other collector systems for data analysis and billing.
MODULE 4
Research Work
Current Results
1. Have you already obtained any research results?
2. What is the main result of your current research?
3. Have you succeeded in receiving extensive data yet?
4. Do your research results agree with those obtained by other researchers?
5. Are your results of practical interest?
6. Are the observations you have obtained sufficient enough to formulate final conclusions?
7. What part of your research is still unfinished?
8. How long will it take you to finish your research work?
5. Подготовьте устное сообщение на тему“My Research Work”. Будьте готовы ответить на вопросы аудитории, касающиеся вашего сообщения.
MODULE 5
II. The introduction.
MODULE 6
Review the rules of writing an abstract as well as the rules of presenting information. Together with your English language instructor write a scientific paper on the peculiarities of your professional terminology.
ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ
Module 1. Grammar Review................................................. 3
Module 2. Scientific and Technical Translation...................... 12
Module 3. Writing an Abstract............................................ 21
Module 4. Research Work.................................................. 27
Module 5.Giving Effective Presentation............................... 29
Module 6. Academic writing: writing a scientific paper.......... 38
Список использованной и рекомендуемой литературы..... 39
Редактор К. В. Муковоз
Компьютерная верстка Ю. П. Шелехиной
Сводный темплан 2015 г.
Подписано в печать 10.02.15. Формат 60×841/16. Отпечатано на дупликаторе.
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Издательство ОмГТУ. 644050, г. Омск, пр. Мира, 11; т. 23-02-12.
Типография ОмГТУ.
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PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH
Методические указания по английскому языку
для студентов электротехнических
и энергетических направлений магистратуры
Омск
Издательство ОмГТУ
2015
Составитель Э. Г. Беззатеева
Методические указания содержат упражнения, направленные на формирование у студентов коммуникативных умений в сфере профессионально ориентированного общения.
Предназначены для студентов электротехнических и энергетических направлений магистратуры, изучающих английский язык в технических вузах.
Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета
Омского государственного технического университета
© ОмГТУ, 2015
MODULE 1
Grammar Review
I. Finite forms of the verb. The active voice.
1. Изучите таблицу, вспомните правила образования временных форм в действительном залоге.
| Simple | Continuous | Perfect | Perfect Continuous | |
| Present | V1 –work V1 + s –works Do (does)? | be (is, am, are) + P1 is (am, are) + working Is (am, are)? | have (has) + P2 have(has) + worked Have (has)? | have(has) + been + P1 have(has) + been + working Have (has)? |
| Past | V2 –worked Did? | be (was, were) + P1 was(were) + working Was (were)? | had + P2 had + worked Had? | had + been + P1 had + been + worked Had? |
| Future | will (shall)+V1 will + work Will (shall)? | will (shall) + be + P1 will(shall) + be + working Will (shall)? | will (shall) + have + P2 will(shall) + have + worked Will (shall)? | will (shall) + have + been + P1 will(shall) + have + been + working Will (shall)? |
| Future-in-the-past | would (should) + V1 would + work Would (should)? | Would (should) + be + P1 would + be + working Would (should)? | would (should) + have + P2 would + have + worked Would (should)? | would (should) + have + been + P1 would + have + been + working Would (should)? |
2. Выполните тренировочное упражнение на образование временных форм в действительном залоге. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную форму глагола.
1. I (to do) all my work, now I will go out. 2. The construction of the house (to begin) early in May this year. 3. They already (to solve) the problem. 4. I never (to speak) to the Head of R&D division. 5. He just (to finish) his SMART analysis.
6. When you (to meet) our previous director? 7. I (not to see) him since 2012. 8. Where you (to put) the report? I want to read it, but cannot find it anywhere. 9. By 8 o’clock yesterday I (to ship) the cargo and at 8 I (to pay) the bill. 10. By 6 o’clock tomorrow we (to transfer) money and at 7 we (to have) a meeting. 11. By 9 o’clock yesterday they (to deliver) the transformer and at 9 they (to install) circuit breakers. 12. When I (to meet) Tom, he (to draw) a simplified diagram which he (to discuss) with his coworkers. 13. When I (to come) into the premise, the relay protector (to read) an instruction book because there (to be) no other people to help him. 14. Look at these people: they (to fill in) the book of record. 15. More and more electric utilities (to look) to distribution automation.
3. Упражнение для самостоятельной работы. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную форму глагола.
1. You (to have) a business trip last Sunday? 2. What you (to do) now? – I (to sort out) the advantages of smart networks. 3. What you (to do) at 3 o’clock yesterday? – I (to have) a phone talk with a practitioner in power engineering.
4. Where your brother (to work)? – He (to work) in utility industry. 5. Every day the boss (to enter) the office at 9 o’clock. 6. Yesterday the boss (to enter) the office at half past nine.
7. When the secretary (to come) tomorrow? 8. At 6 o’clock yesterday we (to listen) to a very interesting presentation.
9. When I (to enter) the office, the secretary (to type) an email. 10. We (to go) on a business trip last Sunday. 11. The Head of Sales (to go) to the new outlet with us next Sunday? 12. The Head of Production (not to discuss) the construction of a new assembly-line now. 13. When the workers (to go) to work? 14. They (to invite) our shareholders to arrive at the meeting next month? 15. I (to send) a letter to the head of Human Resource department tomorrow.