Substitute the incorrect terms in bold with the suitable ones from exercises 1 and 2.

1. Organization cultureis atheory of organization that concentrates on increasing the ability of an organization to solve internal problems of organizational behavior as one of its routine functions; concerned primarily with identification and analysis of such problems.

2. Government activity designed to monitor and guide private economic competition; specific actions have included placing limits on producers' prices and practices, and promoting commerce through grants or subsidies is public administration.

3. One of the early principles of administration which states that there is an upper limit to the number of subordinates any administrator can directly supervise, generally set at twelve is known as unity of command.

4. Division of labourisa clear definition of authority in the organization. This authority flows down the chain of command from the top level to the first or lowest level of the organization.

5. A characteristic of formal bureaucratic organizations; a clear vertical "chain of command" in which each unit is subordinate to the one above it and superior to the one below it. We know it as scalar principle.

6. Jurisdiction is an active effort to improve the employment or educational opportunities of members of minority groups and women; a similar effort to promote the rights or progress of other disadvantaged persons

7. The process by which an agent chosen by public employees negotiates a formal labor agreement or settles day-to-day labor disputes on behalf of the employees in the areas of wages, benefits, working conditions, and administrative policy with parties representing the top politically elected or appointed executives is called administration.

8. Regulation is the work a manager performs to entrust others with theresponsibility and authority and to create accountability for results because management is the process of getting results accomplished through others.

Complete the sentences using the necessary term from the box.

Economies of scale Performance appraisal Division of labour Bureaucracy Contingency approach Jurisdiction Organization Merit system

1. The use of different administrative strategies under different conditions; the study of the relationship between factors such as the task an agency performs or the technology it uses and the style of supervision, type of organizational design, and other administrative strategies is __.

2. __ is professional system of personnel administration, free from political interference, in which selection and progress in the service are based upon the performance, expertise, and technical qualifications of each employee, measured objectively. It is accompanied by the development of a position classification and salary standardization system and administered through offices of personnel administration and a central civil service commission.

3. Specific evaluation with respect to an individual's progress in completing specified tasks is called __.

4. We know __ as the entity that makes it possible for a group or team to work together more effectively than they might work alone in order to achieve goals.

5. A formal organizational arrangement characterized by division of labor, job specialization with no functional overlap, exercise of authority through a vertical hierarchy (chain of command) and a system of internal rules, regulations, and record keeping; the administrative branch of government (national, state, local) is __.

6. One of the fundamental principles upon which the science of administration is based is __; increased specialization in the organization of work in order to narrow the 10 range of tasks for which each person is responsible, which in turn increases the need for administrative planning and coordination and raises the productivity of the organization as a whole.

7. __ occurs when increased levels of production result in decreased average costs of production.

8. In bureaucratic politics, the area of programmatic responsibility assigned to an agency by the legislature or chief executive is __; it is also a term used to describe the territory within the boundaries of a government entity.

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