Lesson One. General Description of a ship

Основы профессиональной грамотности

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ

к практическим занятиям по дисциплине

«Английский язык» для студентов 2 курса 3 семестра

специальностей «Судовождение» и

«Эксплуатация судовых энергетических установок»

дневной и заочной формы обучения

Севастополь

УДК.629.123 + 656.61.052

Основы профессиональной грамотности. Методические указания к практическим занятиям по дисциплине «Английский язык» для студентов 2 курса 3 семестра специальностей «Судовождение» и «Эксплуатация судовых энергетических установок» дневной и заочной формы обучения/Сост. Ю.А. Мороз, Е.В. Никитина. – Севастополь: Изд-во СевНТУ, 2012. - 48с.

Методические указания предназначены для практических занятий студентов групп ЭС и ЭД дневной и заочной формы обучения. В каждом уроке представлен текст, лексико-грамматические упражнения на закрепление материала урока и задания, развивающие коммуникативные навыки.

Методические указания утверждены на заседании кафедры Практики романских и германских языков (протокол № 11 от 14. 05. 2012 г.).

Допущено учебно-методическим центром и научно-методическим Советом СевНТУ в качестве методических указаний.

Рецензент: Михайлова Е.В., канд.филолог.наук, доцент кафедры Практики романских и германских языков СевНТУ.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

Введение ………………………………….……………………4

1. Lesson 1. General Description of a Ship ..……………………5

2. Lesson 2. My Special Field ……………. …………………..12

3. Lesson 3. Safety Shipboard ……………….. …………….....19

4. Lesson 4. Life-Saving Appliances …………………………..26

5. Lesson 5. General Drills …………………………. …….......33

6. Lesson 6. Actions in Emergency. Types of Alarms………....40

Библиографический список ………………………………….46

Приложение А. Basic Vocabulary …………………………….47

Приложение В. Safe Working Practice ……………………….48

ВВЕДЕНИЕ

Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов 2-го курса 3 семестра специальностей «Судовождение и безопасность судоходства» и «Эксплуатация силовых и энергетических установок».

Основная цель методических указаний – совершенствовать приобретенные ранее знания студентов по грамматике и лексики, расширить словарный запас по профессиональной тематике и научить вести беседу по следующим темам:

· Описание судна,

· Моя специальность,

· Основы правил безопасной работы на судне,

· Спасательные средства,

· Учения,

· Действия при нештатных ситуациях.

Методические указания состоят из 6 уроков, каждый из которых содержит основной и дополнительные тексты, упражнения для закрепления лексики соответствующего урока, а также творческие задания коммуникативной направленности. Лексический материал содержит профессиональную терминологию, фразы и команды, одобренные ИМО для общения на море. Словарный минимум каждого урока содержит слова и словосочетания, которые студенты смогут использовать при прохождении собеседования в компаниях, занимающихся набором плавсостава, и при общении на судне.

В отдельных уроках представлен дополнительный раздел «Comprehensive Reading», в котором подобраны дополнительные тексты по изучаемой теме и упражнения на закрепление лексики и терминологии.

Lesson One. General Description of a ship

Exercise 1. Read and learn the following words and expressions:

1.	starboard/port side	правый/левый борт
2.	bulkhead	переборка
3.	double bottom	двойное дно
4.	freeboard	надводная часть судна
5.	roll	бортовая качка
6.	pitch	килевая качка
7.	anchor	якорь
8.	derrick	кран-стрела, деррик
9.	winch	лебедка
10.	to let out (mooring lines)	отдавать, выпускать (швартов)
11.	hatch cover	люковое закрытие, крышка люка
12.	gear	редуктор, привод, механизм
13.	load line	грузовая ватерлиния
14.	to stow	укладывать груз
15.	tween deck	твиндек
16.	poop	ют
17.	forecastle	полубак
18.	trim дифферент, правильное размещение груза
19.	heel	крен
20.	list or inclination	крен на один из бортов
21.	to engrave	(вы)гравировать
22.	ship's underwater body	подводная часть корпуса судна
23.	permanent housing/superstructure	постоянные постройки/надстройка
24.	draught marks	марки углубления
25.	Load Line Certificate	свидетельство о грузовой марки

Exercise 2. Read and translate the text, paying attention to the words in italics.

General Description of a Ship

The main body of a ship is called a hull. The hull is divided into three main parts: the foremost part is called the bow and the rearmost part is called the stern; the part in between is called amidships. The hull is the main part of the ship. This is the area between the main deck, the sides (port and starboard) and the bottom. It is made up of frames covered with plating. The part of the hull below water is the ship's underwater body. The distance between the waterline and the main deck is the vessel's freeboard. The hull is divided up into a number of watertight compartments by decks and bulkheads. Bulkheads are vertical steel walls going across the ship and along.

The hull contains the engine room, cargo space and a number of tanks. The engine is fitted near the bottom of the ship in the engine room. In dry cargo ships the cargo space is divided into holds. Openings giving access to holds are called hatches. In liquid cargo vessels the cargo space is divided into tanks. At the fore end of the hull are the forepeak tanks, and at the after end are afterpeak tanks. They are used for fresh water and fuel. If a ship has double sides, the space between the sides contains wing tanks. The space between the tank top and the space contains double bottom tanks.

All permanent housing above the main deck is known as superstruc­ture. Nowadays, cargo vessels are normally built with the after location of the engine room and bridge superstructure to gain more space for cargo. The forward raised part of the deck is called the forecastle and its after raised part is the poop. On deck there are cargo handling equipment, such as cranes, winches, derricks and etc.

Other parts and equipment of a ship include funnels(smokestacks) situated near the bridge to discharge smoke and exhaust fumes, an anchor on the left and right sides of the bow, and enough lifeboats to hold all persons onboard. Modern ships have power-driven winches to raise or lower the anchors and to bring in or let out the mooring lines used to tie vessels at a pier. Power-driven winches also operate the cranes for loading and unloading cargo. The cargo is loaded and discharged to the holds through the cargo hatches. Booms that are fitted to the masts are called derricks', they are necessary for cargo operations, especially if there is no possibility to use harbour's cranes

Modem ships also have high-speed pumps to pump out ballast water or to pump up seawater in case of fire. Radio-telegraph equipment keeps ships in constant touch with the rest of the world. The maximum breadth of a ship is the beam. The total length measured from the foremost to the aftermost points of a ship's hull is called the length overall. The draught is the depth of the ship's bottom or keel below the water surface. The forward draught is measured at the bow and the draught aft at the stern.

Exercise 3. Give brief answers to the following questions:

1. What is the hull? 2. What are the bulkheads? 3. What does the hull contain? 4. What is the main deck? 5. What is the superstructure? 5. What is the bow? 6. What is stern? 7. What the other parts and equipment do you know? 8. How is the cargo loaded and discharged? 9. What is the function of the winches/anchors? 10. Do you know the ship’s overall dimensions? 11. What are the main parts of a ship? 12. What is the difference between a dry cargo ship and a liquid cargo ship?

Exercise 4. Give equivalents:

· in Russian: bulkhead, port side, to discharge, cargo space, stern, screw, weather deck, merchant ship, forecastle, hatches, underwater body, power-driven winches, anchor, wing tanks, double bottom, poop, pitching, overall dimensions, beam, plating, freeboard, ladder, crane, at a stern, on the main deck, superstructure, starboard side;

· in English: нос, водонепроницаемый отсек, загружать, правый борт, укреплять (груз), трюм, шлюпка, вытравливать (якорь), надстройка, винт, бортовая качка, откачивать, турбина, сухогруз, габаритные размеры, обшивка, теплоход, топливная цистерна (танк), корма, неправильная погрузка, пробоина, кран-стрела, грузовое пространство, танкер.

Exercise 5. Match the term with its definition.

term	definition
1. bulkheads	a. a permanent covering over a compartment or a hull of a ship
2. port side	b. the watertight body of a ship or boat
3. tank 4. deck	c. an enclosed space on a boat or on a ship d. special coverings or doors over the holds
5. cabin	e. the total length
6. hull 7. underwater body 8. overall length 9. hatch 10. freeboard	f. the distance from waterline to the bottom of a ship g. the height of a ship's deck above the water level. h. an accommodation i. the vertical surfaces dividing the internal space j. a left side of a ship

Exercise 6. Read the dialogue and then make up your own one.

A: So, this is a cargo ship, isn’t it?

B: Yes. It’s a general cargo ship. Now we are on the navigating bridge. This is the place where the captain and his mates control the ship. If we look forward we’ll see the main deck and the forecastle. The main deck (or we can call it weather deck) covers the cargo spaces or holds. There are openings cut in the decks, and those openings are the hatches, one to each hold.

A: How do you load the cargo into the hold and discharge it?

B: We use derricks. A derrick is a strong boom (грузовая стрела) made of steel and wood, that can swing from side to side. But a lot of ships are fitted with cranes.

A: How many holds are there on the ship?

B: There are four on the main deck forward and one right aft. We number them from one to five. And each hold is served by two derricks.

A: You’ve mentioned the forecastle, haven’t you?

B: Yes, right so. The forecastle is that small extra deck above the main deck, forward of number one hold, right up in the bow. It carries the anchors and their cables. I’ll take you up there in a few minutes.

Exercise 7. Choose the right variant.