VII. Say as many facts about Hippocrates as you can.

LESSON 6

Грамматика: причастие II (повторение), пассивный залог

ABU ALI IBN-SINA (AVICENNA)

VII. Say as many facts about Hippocrates as you can. - student2.ru Запомните:

-ity - суффикс существительных

un- ( in-, im-, il-, ir-) - префикс, обозначающий отрицание

I. Прочтите и переведите слова:

1. ability, activity, reality, particularity, humanity, nationality

2. uncommon, unfortunately, uncertain, unable, uncomfortable, impossible,

irrregular, illegal

II. Прочтите слова, определите части речи и переведите их:

nation, scientist, truly, contribution, different, famous, early, remarkable, mostly, section, nature, assessable, comprehensive, prevention, particular, composition, presence, treatment, gastric, development, scientific, progressive

III. Запомните произношение следующих имен собственных и названий:

Avicenna [Avi’sJnq], Tajic [tR’Gik], Bukhara [bou’kRrq], Koran [kO’rRn], Arabic [‘qerqbik], Europe [‘juerqp]

IV. Прочтите слова и дайте их русские эквиваленты:

Philosopher [fi’lOsqfq], author [‘LTq], geometry [Gi’Omitri], logic [‘lOGik], nature [‘neiCq], astronomy [qs’trOnqmi], dietetics [,dQii’tetiks], composition [,kOmpq’ziSqn], bacteriology [bqek,tiqri’OlqGi], pulse [pAls], correct [kq’rekt], regimen [‘reGimqn], consult [kqn’sAlt], astrology [qst’rOlqGi]

V. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания:

memory [‘memqri] - память

mind [mQind] – ум

to enrich [in’riC] – обогащать

to sum up – суммировать

branch [brRnC] - отрасль

remarkable [ri’mRkqbl] - удивительный, замечательный, выдающийся

common [‘kOmqn] - частый. распространенный. общий

to confine [kqn’fQin] - ограничивать

merchant [‘mWCqnt] - купец

to devote [di’vout] – посвящать

to derive [di’rQiv] - происходить, извлекать

comprehensive [,kOmpri’hensiv] - всесторонний, исчерпывающий

ailment [‘eilmqnt] - недуг, болезнь

poison [‘poizn] - яд

remedy [‘remidi] - средство, лекарство

edition [I’diSqn] - издание

to declare [di’klFq] - объявлять, заявлять

to spread [spred] (spread, spread) - распространяться

valid [‘vqelid] - действительный, имеющий силу

regimen [‘reGimqn] - режим

VI. Прочтите и переведите следующие пары слов:

to devote – devotion, to derive – derivation, to prevent – prevention, to edit – edition, to declare – declaration, to spread – spread, to administer – administration, to memorize – memory

VII. Прочтите и переведите:

branch [brRnC] - branch of knowledge, branch of surgery, branch of science,

differentbranches

remarkable[ri’mRkqbl] - remarkable memory, remarkable results, remarkable

work, remarkable abilities

common[‘kOmqn] - common diseases, common symptoms, common drugs,

common methods, common mistakes

to devote [di’vout] - to devote one’s life, to devote to medicine, to devote to

science, to devote to people

ailment [‘eilmqnt]- common ailments, cardiac ailment, different ailments,

dangerous ailment

remedy [‘remqdi] - effective remedy, common remedies, different remedies,

particular remedies

to spread [spred] - to spread to the heart, to spread within the body, to spread

among people, spread of the disease, widely spread

regimen [‘reGimqn] - bed regimen, particular regimen, to administer regimen, to

follow regimen

VIII. Прочтите и переведите следующие словосочетания:

to live in the memory, to have encyclopaedic mind, different branches of knowledge, remarkable ability, common ailments, to devote oneself to the study of medicine, to be derived from Arabic language, to administer remedies, to be spread by water, remarkably accurate, a correct regimen, a contribution to world culture

IX. Назовите причастие II следующих глаголов и переведите:

to administer, to translate, to write, to make, to devote, to spread, to confine

X. Прочтите и переведите следующие словосочетания:

administered remedies, works translated into Latin, books written in Arabic, a contribution made to world culture, sections of the book devoted to anatomy and physiology, diseases spread in this country, confined to particular organs

XI. Переведите предложения:

1. Назначенное лекарство оказалось неэффективным.

2. Книга, изданная на английском, была переведена на многие языки.

3. Это заболевание не является распространенным в развитых странах.

4. Я прочитал статью, посвященную новым методам лечения заболеваний

сердца.

5. Теория, обогащенная практикой, является наиболее важной.

6. Новый метод, используемый в этой клирике, дал хорошие результаты.

7. Пациент, которого лечили данным препаратом, стал чувствовать себя

лучше.

XII. Сравните пары предложений и переведите их:

1. The student asked many questions. The student was asked many questions.

2. The doctor operated in the clinic. The doctor was operated in the clinic.

3. He used an example. He was used as an example.

XIII. Прочтите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сказуемое:

1. The book is devoted to the famous physicians of the past. 2. The text was translated by the students. 3. At the lesson I was asked many questions. 4. This remedy is administered to the patients with heart diseases. 5. This method is not used in surgery. 6. Medical science was enriched by his discovery. 7. A great discovery was made in the field of microbiology. 8. The patient will be helped by this specialist.

XIV. Прочтите и переведите предложения с пассивным сказуемым:

1. New methods used in cardiosurgery are very effective. 2. This problem is often discussed by us. 3. When we came in they were discussing the problem. 4. The doctor administered her new tablets. 5. She was administered a new remedy for her ailment. 6. The work will be finished in some days. 7. He was very attentive to his patients.

XV. Прочтите и переведите текст А:

ABU ALI IBN-SINA (AVICENNA)

Ibn-Sina (Avicenna), great son of the Tajik people, lives in the memory of the nations as scientist and philosopher, author and physician. A truly encyclopaedic mind, Ibn-Sina summed up and enriched the learning of his age and made great contributions to many different branches of knowledge.

Abu Ali Ibn-Sina is one of the most famous men of the late 10-th and early 11-th century. Ibn-Sina was born in the village of Afshana near Bukhara. He attended school in Bukhara and displayed a remarkable memory and uncommon ability. Since the schools of the time had too little to offer he arranged for one of the merchants to teach him numbers and geometry. From his teacher of philosophy Ibn-Sina got certain notions of logic.

After memorizing the Koran in Arabic the youth devoted himself to the study of medicine. He worked very hard. Ibn-Sina wrote mostly in Arabic since this was the language of learning in the East, much as Latin was in Europe. In his own language from which modern Tajik is derived he wrote the “Book of Knowledge “ with sections on logic, nature, astronomy, and music, and also certain other works.

Ibn-Sina won world renown as the author of the “Canon of Medicine”, a comprehensive work in five books with sections of the fundamentals of medical science (anatomy, physiology, symptomatology, prevention of disease, and general dietetics, and therapy), on ailments confined to particular organs and ailments not so confined (e.g. fever, infectious diseases, poisonings, skin diseases, and surgical ailments), on remedies administered without admixtures, and on the composition and prevention of compound remedies. The “Canon” was translated into Latin, which made it accessible to European physicians and was widely used in European universities. The Latin translation alone has some 30 editions.

Many centuries before the inception of bacteriology Ibn-Sina declared that diseases can be spread by water owing to the presence in it of invisibly minute living organisms. Some of his clinical accounts are remarkably accurate and many of his suggestions for diet and treatment are quite valid for modern medicine too.

Besides the “Canon” Ibn-Sina wrote works on particular aspects and problems of medicine such as on gastric diseases, on cardiac remedies, on the pulse, and on “the physician’s contest with the forces of Nature” in which he considered a correct regimen and health building through exercise.

With the development of scientific European medicine ‘the Canon” for so many centuries the standard work, has become a classic of the past. It was used in European medical schools right up to the 17-th century, and in the East it is frequently consulted even today.

Apart from medicine Ibn-Sina wrote on the structure on earth and sky, on chemistry, on geography, logic, the Arabic language, astrology and much else.

Both his writings and his practical activities were extremely progressive for his day. The works of Ibn-Sina – Avicenna – were a contribution made to world culture.

TASKS

I. Find in the text English equivalents to the following Russian word combinations:

живет в памяти людей; поистине энциклопедический ум; суммировал и обогатил познания; внес вклад в различные области знания; удивительная память и неординарные способности; некоторые понятия логики; всесторонняя работа; заболевания, ограниченные отдельными органами; лекарства, назначаемые без примесей; благодаря наличию невидимых активных организмов; правильный режим; строение земли и неба; вклад в мировую культуру

II. Answer the questions:

1. When and where did Avicenna live?

2. What can be said about his mind and abilities?

3. What branches of knowledge did he make contribution to?

4. What language did he write his works in? Why?

5. What do you know about his work “The Canon of Medicine”?

6. What other problems of medicine did he write works on?

7. What did he declare before the inception of bacteriology?

8. What did he study apart from medicine?

III. Complete the sentences:

1. Avicenna lives in the memory of the nations as …

2. He summed up and enriched …