Three patients have had symptoms of recurrence, one having died of a gastrointestinal bleeding.

VI. Запомните чтение следующих слов. Найдите их перевод ниже: hepatitis [,hepə'taitis] гепатит (воспаление печени), viral ['vaiərəl] вирусный, infective [in'fektiv] инфекционный.

VII. Выучите следующие слова: hepatic [hi'pftik] а печеночный bile [bail] n жёлчь duct [dAkt] nпроток jaundice ['eɔ:ndis] n желтуха, желтушность advance [əd'vans] v выдвигать (теорию, идею); продвигаться вперед effort ['efət] n усилие elderly ['eldəli] а пожилой survive [sə'vaiv] v выживать, остаться в живых, уцелеть; перенести (операцию) source [sɔ:s] n источник entire [in'taiə] а весь, целый subsequent ['sAbsikwənt] апоследующий simultaneous [,siməl'teiniəs] а одновременный

VIII. Прочтите и переведите следующие слова и словосочетания: 1) jaundice ['e;ndis]: severe jaundice, to suffer from severe jaundice, jaundice was clearly marked; 2) survive [sə'vaiv]: to survive an injury, the patient survived the operation well, some viruses survive at a high temperature; 3) source [sɔ:s]: a source of infection, a source of knowledge, the source of virus is a sick person; 4) inadequately [in'fdikwitli]: inadequate, the patient was given an inadequate dose of medicine, inadequately treated; 5) subsequently ['sAbsikwəntli]: subsequent, subsequent examination, to invade other organs subsequently;

6) simultaneously [,siməl'teiniəsli]: simultaneous, simultaneous impairment, to be impaired simultaneously

IX. 1. Прочтите текст А. 2. Найдите и переведите предложения:

а) с самостоятельным причастным оборотом; б) с причастным оборотом; в) с усилительным оборотом it is- that. 3. Переведите текст.

Text A. Botkin’s Disease

Botkin’s disease, or the so-called epidemic or infectious hepatitis, is an acute viral disease affecting hepatic cells and the bile ducts.

The prominent German scientist Virchow believing it to be due to obstruction of the common bile duct with mucus during inflammatory processes in the duodenum, the disease was called catarrhal jaundice.

But in 1880 the prominent Russian scientist S. Botkin having advanced the idea of an infectious origin of this disease, proved his suggestions by such facts as the involvement in this pathologic process not only of the liver but also of the nervous system, the kidneys, the enlargement of the spleen, etc.

But it was not before 1940 that the term “Botkin’s disease” was introduced into medicine due to the efforts of the well-known Russian physician

M. Konchalovsky.

Botkin’s disease occurs in epidemic form. This disease more commonly affects children, adults as well as elderly persons suffering from it frequently too.

Botkin’s disease is known to be due to a filterable virus present in the blood, liver and found in stool and urine. The virus is infective only for man. As this virus cannot be seen under a usual microscope, it is revealed only by an electronic one. Being highly virulent virus survives in water, food, and on hands for days and weeks.

X. Выпишите из текста А эквиваленты следующих значений:

Закупорка общего желчного протока; 2) благодаря усилиям; 3) а также пожилые люди; 4) печеночные клетки; 5) выживают в воде и пище; 6) увеличение селезенки; 7) острое вирусное заболевание; 8) воспалительный процесс.

CLASS ASSIGNMENTS

XI. Translate the following words with the same root:

Obstruction, obstruct, obstructive; survive, survival, survivor; suggest, suggestive, suggestion; contribute, contribution, contributory, contributor.

XII. Give the words of the close meaning:

To put forward, origin, whole, at the same time, to stay alive, in a wrong way, some time later, rather old, quite easily.

XIII. Choose the sentences with the Absolute Participle Construction:

Gastric and duodenal ulcers having been proved to result from disturbances in the central nervous system, the corticovisceral theory of the pathogenesis of ulcer was developed. 2. Being followed by erosion of the affected area of the stomach, spastic contractions of vessels result in trophic disturbances of this organ. 3. The patient having survived the operation well, the danger of peritonitis was eliminated.

XIV. Define the functions of the Infinitive. Translate the sentences:

The prominent Russian scientist S. Botkin was the first to advance the idea of an infectious origin of hepatitis. 2. The patient was known to have been operated on for gangrenous appendicitis a year before his admission to this hospital. 3. The physician did not expect the tissues of the spleen and gallbladder to become involved simultaneously with the liver. 4. The patient had to follow a strict diet to prevent the recurrence of the bile duct obstruction and jaundice.

XV. Read the words and translate the sentences: 1) incubation [,inkju'beiʃn]: Incubation period is the time during which pathogenic microorganisms grow in the body.

2) prodromal [,prɒdrəυml]: Prodromal period is the time when the characteristic symptoms of an infectious disease have not appeared yet, but the patient feels a general malaise.

3) parenterally [pf'rentərəli]: All intramuscular and intravenous injections are given parenterally, i.e. directly into the organism but not orally. 4) serum ['siərəm]: Serum is the watery fluid which remains after blood has coagulated.

XVI. Answer the following questions:

What do pathogenic microorganisms do in the human body during the period of incubation? 2. During what period of an infectious disease haven’t its characteristic symptoms appeared yet? 3. What does the term “parenterally” mean? 4. What is the watery fluid which remains after blood has coagulated called?