A Case is Tried In Criminal Court

a) a criminal case; to hold a trial; a (un)fair trial; to try a case in court; to be heard in public;

b) the jury; the foreman of the jury; the jury box; to make a deci­sion; to return a verdict of (not) guilty;

c) Counsel for the Prosecution; to bring charges against smb; to out­line the case; to hear formal evidence; to question the accused; to call the witnesses;

d) Counsel for the Defence; to defend the case; to cross-examine the witnesses;

e) a judge; to judge impartially, to be independent; to observe the law strictly; to pass a sentence;

f) the accussed; to commit a crime; to appear in court on a charge of...; to have the right of defence; to plead (not) guilty; to be acquitted; to be found innocent of the crime; to be acquitted for lack of evidence; to be convicted; to be found guilty; to be punished;

g) a witness for the Prosecution (Defence); to be sworn in; to give evidence; an eye-witness account of smth;

h) the press; to be present at the hearing; to report on the proceed­ings

Defending One's Point of View

to be anxious to prove smth; to outline one's point of view on the subject; to speak with confidence; judging by; to give powerful argu­ments; to be well read on the subject; to enquire into the matter closely;

to have a sensible approach to; to take into account; to respect other people's opinion; to agree with smb; up to a point; to depend on one's experience; to convince smb; to be the only possible solution; to leave no room for doubt; to succeed (in); to prove one's point.

Never Count Your Chickens Before They Are Hatched

to take part in a sports competition; to be anxious to win; to have no doubt whatever as to ...; to admit no possibility of failure; to be sure of one's success; to commit a mistake; not to take into account that ...;

the competing team; to be well trained; to be no denying the fact that ...;

to practise in bursts; to lack necessary skill; not to be equal to smb; to stand no chance; to have a guilty feeling; to admit one's failure.

Ex. 36. Tell the story of the pictures.

So far so good. Now, let's see what the book says on page 65...

Many happy returns of the day! And this is our little surprise...

something we've knitted with our own hands.

an inmate; a striped prison suit; to be just the right kind of present for smb; a warden; to play a joke on smb; to lack a sense of humour.

Ex. 37. Subjects for oral and written composition.

1. Tell the story as if you were a) one of the four witnesses for the pros­ecution; b) one of the jury; c) one of the public in court; d) a relative of Mrs Parker.

2. Write up the story as for a newspaper article.

3. Give an outline of the statements made by: a) Counsel for the Pros­ecution; b) Counsel for Defence.

4. Explain how it could have happened that the prisoner got away with murder.

5. Say whether you think the guilty or the innocent man was killed in the accident.

6. The class nature of justice in capitalist countries.

7. The Soviet court system.

8. The main principles of Soviet justice.

9. The role of people's assessors in Soviet courts.

Lesson Nine

Text: From "The Hotel" by Arthur Hailey.¹

Grammar: Tenses. Voice. Subjunctive Mood. General Review.

The Hotel

The lobby at the St Gregory, New Orleans,² was becoming busier. A group of new arrivals had just come in and were registering, preceding others still checking baggage³ that was being unloaded from an airport limousine. A small line had formed at the reception counter. O'Keefe stood watching.

It was then he observed what apparently no one else, so far, had seen.

A middle-aged, well-dressed Negro, valise in hand, had entered the hotel. He came towards Reception, walking unconcernedly as if for an afternoon walk. At the counter he put down his bag and stood waiting, third in line.

The exchange, when it came, was clearly heard.

'Good morning,' the Negro said. His voice — a midwestern ac­cent—was friendly and cultured. 'I'm Doctor Nicholas; you have a reservation for me.' While waiting he had removed a black Homburg hat⁴ revealing carefully brushed iron-grey hair.

'Yes, sir; if you'll register, please.' The words were spoken before the clerk looked up. As he did, his features stiffened. A hand went out withdrawing the registration pad he had pushed forward a moment ear­lier.

'I'm sorry,' he said firmly, 'the hotel is full.'

Undisturbed, the Negro replied smilingly, 'The hotel sent a letter confirming the reservation, not cancelling it.' His hand went to an in­side pocket, producing a wallet with papers, from which he selected one.

'There must have been a mistake. I'm sorry.' The clerk hardly glanced at the paper placed in front of him. 'We have a convention⁵ here.'

'I know.' The other nodded, his smile somewhat thinner than before. 'It's a convention of dentists. I happen to be one.'

The clerk shook his head. 'There's nothing I can do for you.'

The Negro put away his papers. 'In that case I'd like to talk with someone else.'

While they had been speaking still more new arrivals had joined the line in front of the counter. A man in a belted raincoat inquired im­patiently, 'What's the hold-up there?' O'Keefe remained still. He had a sense that in the now crowded lobby a time bomb⁶ was ticking ready to explode.

'You can talk to the assistant manager.' Leaning forward across the counter, the room clerk called sharply, 'Mr Bailey!'

Across the lobby an elderly man at an alcove desk looked up.

'Mr Bailey, would you come here, please?'

The assistant manager nodded and got up. As he walked slowly ac­ross, his lined, tired face took on a professional greeter's smile.

An old-timer,⁷ Curtis O'Keefe thought; after years of room clerking he had been given a chair and a desk in the lobby with authority to handle minor problems posed by guests. The real authority of the hotel was in the executive offices, out of sight.

'Mr Bailey,' the room clerk said, 'I've explained to this gentleman that the hotel is full.'

'And I've explained,' the Negro replied, 'that I have a confirmed reservation.'

The assistant manager smiled broadly, his obvious goodwill includ­ing the line of waiting guests. 'Well,' he said, 'we'll just have to see what we can do.' He placed a nicotine-stained hand on the sleeve of Dr Nicholas's expensively tailored suit. 'Won't you come and sit down over there?' As the other allowed himself to be led towards the alcove:

'Occasionally these things happen, I'm afraid. When they do, we try to help.'

Mentally Curtis O'Keefe admitted that the elderly man knew his job. Smoothly and without fuss, a potentially embarrassing scene had been removed from centre stage into the wings. Meanwhile the other arrivals were being quickly checked in with the aid of a second room clerk who had just joined the first. Only a youthful, broad-shouldered man had left the line-up and was watching the new development. Well, O'Keefe thought, perhaps there might be no explosion after all. He wait­ed to see.

The assistant manager gestured his companion to a chair beside the desk and took his own. He listened carefully, his expression neutral, as the other repeated the information he had given the room clerk.

At the end the older man nodded. 'Well, doctor,' — the tone was briskly businesslike— 'I apologize for the misunderstanding, but I'm sure we can find you other suitable accommodation in the city.' With one hand he pulled a telephone towards him and lifted the receiver. The other hand pulled out a leaf from the desk, revealing a list of phone numbers.

'Just a moment.' For the first time the visitor's soft voice had taken on a sharpness. 'You tell me the hotel is full, but your clerks are checking people in. Do they have some special kind of reservation?'

'I guess you could say that.' The professional smile had disappeared.

'Jim Nicholas!' The loud and cheerful greeting rang across the lobby. Behind the voice a small elderly man took hurried steps towards the al­cove.

The Negro stood. 'Dr Ingram! How good to see you!' He held out his hand which the older man grasped.

'How are you, Jim, my boy? No, don't answer! I can see for myself you're fine. Doing well too, from the look of you. I understand your practice is going well.'

'It is, thank you.' Dr Nicholas smiled. 'Of course my university work still takes a good deal of time.'

'Don't I know it! Don't I know it! I spend all my life teaching fel­lows like you, and then you all go out and get the big-paying practices.' As the other grinned broadly: 'Anyway you seem to have gotten the best of both — with a fine reputation. That paper of yours on malignant mouth tumours has caused a lot of discussion and we're all looking for­ward to a first-hand report. By the way, I shall have the pleasure of introducing you to the convention. You know they made me president this year?'

'Yes, I'd heard. I can't think of a finer choice.'

As the two talked, the assistant manager rose slowly from his chair. His eyes moved uncertainly between their faces.

The small, white-haired man, Dr Ingram, was laughing. He patted his colleague jovially on the shoulder. 'Give me your room number-Jim. A few of us will be getting together for drinks later on. Г d like to have you join us. No objections, I hope.'

'Unfortunately,' Dr Nicholas said, 'I've just been told I won't be getting a room. It seems to have something to do with my colour.'

There was a shocked silence in which the dentists' president went deep red. Then, his face muscles hardening, he assured, 'Jim, I'll deal with this. I promise you there'll be an apology and a room. If they re­fuse to put you up, I guarantee every other dentist will walk out of this hotel.'

NOTES

1. Arthur Hailey, a novelist, born in 1920 in Luton ['lu:tn], England. During World War Two he served in the British Air Force. In 1947 he emigrated to Canada. At present he is living in California, USA. He has written several plays as well as a number of successful books: The Final Diagnosis (1959), In High Places (1962), Hotel (1965) and Airport (1969).

2. New Orleans: a city in southeastern Louisiana, USA, in the heart of the Deep South.

3. baggage = luggage

4. Homburg hat: a felt hat for men — мужская фетровая шляпа

5. convention: a meeting, often periodical, of members or delegates, as of a political group, commercial organisation, professional association, etc. — съезд

6. time bomb: a bomb designed to explode at a pre-arranged time — бомба замедленного действия (с часовым механизмом)

VOCABULARY

register vt/vi регистрировать(ся); заносить в список to register smb's birth (one's/smb's marriage, etc.); to register at a hotel (meeting, etc.) Phr. register one's luggage==have one's luggage registered сдать вещи в багаж; register a letter послать заказное письмо; a registered letter заказное письмо; registration n регистрация

load vt грузить, нагружать, загружать to load a ship (a car, a truck, etc.) with smth load n груз

concern vt 1. касаться, иметь отношение к What you say concerns everybody. Phr. as far as I am (he is, smth is, etc.) concerned что касает­ся меня (его, чего-л и т. п.) As far as I am concerned I can't say any­thing definite on the subject. 2. заботиться, беспокоиться They were greatly concerned about the future of their son. concern n забота, бес­покойство, озабоченность The people of the world showed great concern about the new developments in the Middle East. It's a matter of great concern, concerning prep относительно, касательно Не wanted more information concerning the new discovery.

exchange vt обмениваться); поменять(ся) to exchange opinions (views, greetings, words, glances, seats, books, etc.) with smb; to ex­change smth for smth; exchange n обмен an exchange of opinions (words, etc.) Phr. in exchange for в обмен на Не gave me some English books in exchange for French books.

stiff а 1. жесткий, неэластичный, негибкий, негнущийся a stiff collar, etc.; to be stiff with cold (fright, etc.) 2. натянутый, принужден­ный, чопорный a stiff manner (movement, greeting, smile, etc.); stiffen vi напрягаться, делаться жестким (о выражении лица, о движениях и т. п.) Hearing his words her features stiffened, stiffly adv натянуто, принужденно Не smiled stiffly.

withdraw (withdrew, withdrawn) vt брать назад to withdraw an order (a report, an offer, an accusation, etc.); to withdraw troops выводить войска; withdrawal n отмена, изъятие; вывод (войск)

confirm vt подтверждать, подкреплять to confirm one's words (the terms, the prices, one's telegram, etc.); The X-ray confirmed the doc­tor's diagnosis, confirmation n подтверждение; подкрепление Phr. in confirmation of (smth) в подтверждение (чего-л)

cancel vt аннулировать, отменять to cancel an invitation (agree­ment, contract, lesson, meeting, etc.); cancellation n аннулирование, отмена Phr. make a cancellation произвести отмену, аннулировать

produce vt 1. предъявлять (паспорт и т. п.) to produce one's pass­port (one's ticket, a document, etc.) 2. производить; вырабатывать to produce goods (cars, machinery, etc.) production n производство; про­дукция. productivity n производительность, продуктивность productiv­ity of labour производительность труда

explode vt/vi взрывать(ся) to explode a bomb (a tank, a rock, etc.) If you are careless with gas it may explode, explosion n взрыв

lean (leaned/leant) vi наклоняться, прислоняться, опираться to lean against a wall (a tree, a fence, etc.); to lean on a table (a chair, etc.); to lean back (forward)

authority n 1. власть, полномочие Не had no authority to make changes. 2. авторитет, влияние, вес Не spoke with authority. 3. pl. власти, администрация the local (city, railway, etc.) authorities

embarrass vt смущать, ставить в затруднительное положение The long silence embarrassed her. Phr. be (feel) embarrassed (at/by smth) стесняться, чувствовать себя неловко; embarrassment n затруднение; замешательство; embarrassing а затруднительный, приводящий в сму­щение an embarrassing situation (silence, question, look, scene, etc.)

suit vt 1. годиться, подходить; быть удобным The arrangement suited us perfectly. We agreed to meet at six o'clock. Will that time suit? 2. итти, быть к лицу All shades of blue suit her. suitable а подходящий, соответствующий, годный a suitable dress (occasion, arrangement, etc.) Is the time fixed for the meeting suitable for you?

lift vt поднимать to lift a heavy suit-case (the telephone receiver, etc.)

cause vt причинять; вызывать to cause trouble (embarrassment, misunderstanding, anxiety, suspicion, pain; an accident, a discussion, etc.); cause n 1. причина, основание, повод You have no cause to worry. There was no cause for suspicion. Infection is a cause of many diseases. 2. дело (мира и т. п.) They are fighting for the cause of peace.:

object vt возражать, быть против to object to a plan (an arrange­ment, a postponement, a delay, etc.) I strongly object to smoking, ob­jection n возражение, протест; неодобрение There was no objection to the plan. They had no objection to settling the dispute in a friendly way.

fortunate а счастливый, удачный a fortunate circumstance (man, etc.); to be fortunate in business (life, etc.) He is fortunate to have trav­elled all over the world. It is most fortunate that you have arrived to­day. unfortunate а несчастливый, неудачный, (un)fortunately adv к счастью (к сожалению)

assure vt уверять, заверять Не assured us that everything would be all right. They assured us of success, assurance n заверение, уверен­ность He gave us every assurance that he would do it.

WORD COMBINATIONS

put up at a hotel остановиться в гостинице

put up smb at a hotel поместить кого-л в гостинице

check in (Am.E.)= register at a hotel прописаться в гостинице

check out (Am.E.)= leave the hotel выехать из гoстиницы

first-hand report (information, etc.) сообщение, полученное из первоисточника

EXERCISES ON THE TEXT

Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.

1. Where is the scene of action laid? 2. What happened when Dr Nicholas's turn came lo be registered at Reception? 3. Why did the clerk stiffen at seeing Dr Nicholas? 4. Why did the clerk refuse to'register Dr Nicholas at the hotel? 5. Why did the clerk invite Mr Bailey over? 6. Did Mr Bailey actually have the authority to settle a matter of this kind? 7. What were Mr Bailey's duties? 8. What showed that the elderly man knew his job? 9. How did Mr Bailey propose to handle the problem? 10. What sort of arrangement did he offer to make for Dr Nicholas? 11. Why was Dr Nicholas unwilling to accept the situation? 12. Who appeared on the scene while Dr Nicholas and Mr Bailey were discussing the matter? 13. Why did Dr Ingram stress Dr Nicholas's success both as practising doctor and scientist during the talk? 14. What was the effect of what he said on Mr Bailey? 15. Why wouldn't any of the hotel clerks dare to mention the real reason for refusing to put up Dr Nicholas at the hotel? 16. What did Dr Ingram propose to do about this shameful busi­ness? 17. Do you think that the united action of the Dentists' Associa­tion will make the hotel management change its rules?

Ex. 2. Find in text the English for:

а) 1. средних лет; 2. с саквояжем в руке; 3. обменяться репли­ками; 4. снять шляпу; 5. застыть (о лице); 6. покачать головой; 7. пе­регнуться через барьер; 8. пожилой человек; 9. кивнуть головой; 10. профессиональная улыбка; 11. улаживать мелкие проблемы; 12. широко улыбнуться; 13. благожелательность; 14. пожелтевшие от никотина пальцы; 15. костюм, сшитый дорогим портным; 16. мыслен­но признать; 17. хорошо знать свое дело; 18. спокойно и без суеты; 19. неприятный инцидент; 20. середина сцены; 21. кулисы; 22. моло­жавый, широкоплечий человек; 23. жестом пригласить сесть; 24. вни­мательно слушать; 25. энергичным деловым тоном; 26. извиниться за недоразумение; 27. приобрести резкость (в голосе); 28. громкое и бодрое приветствие; 29. протянуть руку; 30. самому судить о чем-либо; 31. преуспевать; 32. вызвать споры; 33. ожидать с нетерпением; 34. похлопать по плечу; 35. к сожалению.

б) 1. вестибюль, холл гостиницы; 2. группа вновь прибывших; 3. зарегистрироваться; 4. проверить багаж; 5. сгружать багаж с ма­шины; 6. небольшая очередь; 7. регистратура; 8. предварительный заказ на место в гостинице, «бронь»; 9. отрывной блокнот с бланками для регистрации; 10. «свободных номеров нет»; 11. подтвердить заказ на место в гостинице; 12. аннулировать заказ; 13. постоялец; 14. ка­бинеты администрации; 15. получить место и ключ от номера; 16. по­дыскать подходящее жилье; 17. снять телефонную трубку; 18. список телефонов; 19. номер в гостинице; 20. поместить в гостинице.

Ex. 3. Give the four forms of the following verbs.

hold, lean, stiffen, withdraw, reply, shake, inquire, nod, try, admit, ring, teach, grin, rise, deal.