Task 4.Match the English sentences to their Russian equivalents

1. Each polyclinic has a number of general practitioners (therapeutists), doctors specialized in some particular medical field (for example, such as allergist, oculist, neuropathologist, surgeon etc.) and nurses.	a. Для получения бесплатной медицинской помощи необходимо иметь полис обязательного медицинского страхования.
2. To receive medical care at polyclinic one should register	b. Только после этого устанавливается диагноз, назначается лечение и предоставляются рекомендации.
3. According to the age criteria there are polyclinics for children (up to fourteen years old) and for adults.	c. Полис обязательного медицинского страхования выдается каждому гражданину России вне зависимости от его пола и возраста.
4. Health services in Russia are represented by state, municipal and private medical units.	d. В целом ответственность поликлиники сосредоточена на профилактике и выявлении заболеваний среди населения, проживающего на территории, которая находится в ведении поликлиники.
5. Only after that the diagnosis is made, proper treatment is prescribed and recommendations are given.	e. Система здравоохранения в России представлена государственной, муниципальной и частной медициной.
6. To be able to receive medical care free of charge a person is to obtain the certificate of obligatory medical insurance	f. На основании возрастного критерия поликлиники подразделяются на детские поликлиники (до 14-летнего возраста) и поликлиники для взрослых.
7. In general responsibilities of any policlinic are centered on prevention and revelation of diseases among people living on the territory the policlinic is responsible for.	g. Поликлиника включает лабораторию, рентгеновский кабинет, отделение физиотерапии, хирургическое и стоматологическое отделения.
8. If the person is not sure what specialist to visit, then he is to register with a therapeutist (general practitioner) at his local polyclinic.	h. Для того чтобы получить медицинскую помощь в поликлинике необходимо записаться на прием.
9. Polyclinics have their own laboratories, X-ray rooms, physiotherapy, surgery and dental departments	i. Если нет уверенности, к какому врачу записаться на прием, то необходимо записаться на прием к терапевту своей поликлиники по месту жительства.
10. This certificate is given to every Russian citizen regardless of gender and age.	j. Врачебный персонал поликлиники включает терапевтов (врачей общей практики), узких специалистов (к примеру, таких как аллерголог, окулист, невропатолог, хирург и др.), а также медсестер.

Task 5.Translate the given sentences into Russian, close your book and translate them back to English.

1. When I came to the polyclinic I went straight to look at the specialists’ timetable.

2. I called to the registry of the polyclinic I assigned to and asked whether Dr. Smirnova has consultation hours on Monday.

3. My therapeutist prescribed me to undergo a general blood test.

4. A part of his working day a general practitioner spends visiting patients at their homes.

5. The doctor recommended his patient to take a sick-leave for several days.

6. He was prescribed to follow a strict bed regime.

7. The patient was X-rayed and the results turned out to be normal.

8. The patient’s temperature was running high.

9. He registered by the internet for the oculist consultation on Friday at 9 a.m.

10. As he lost his certificate of obligatory medical insurance he had to go to the insurance office to obtain a new one.

Task 6.Retell the text.

Theme 5

The Human Body

All medical students must know the structure of the human body perfectly well. Human body is a very complex system consisting of three chief parts: the head, the trunk and the limbs or extremities.

The frame of the body is the skeleton which is composed of more than 200 bones of various sizes and shapes. They give firm but flexible support to soft tissues, muscles and organs.

The skull is composed of 26 cranial and facial bones. The cranial part contains the brain. The facial bones form the face which consists of the forehead, the eyes the nose, the mouth, the cheeks, the ears and the chin. The ear includes 3 main parts: the external, the middle and the internal ear. The mouth has the upper and the lower lips. There are 2 jaws with teeth, the tongue and the palate in the mouth. The head is connected with the trunk by the neck.

The skeleton of the trunk consists of the spinal column (the spine) and the chest (the ribs and the breastbone). The trunk is divided into two cavities. The upper cavity (the chest) contains the heart, the lungs and the gullet (esophagus). The principal organs of the lower (abdominal) cavity are the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the gall-bladder, the kidneys, the bladder and the intestines.

The spine of an adult consists of 32 or 34vertebrae.They are divided into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral vertebrae and the coccyx.

The chest (thorax) is composed of 12 thoracic vertebrae, the breastbone and 12pairs of ribs.

The upper extremity is connected with the chest by the shoulder and is divided into the upper arm, the forearm and the hand. Each hand has 4 fingers and 1 thumb. The parts of the lower extremity are: the thigh (hip), the leg and the foot.

The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and ligaments.

The skeleton is covered with more than 400 muscles. Each has an arterial, venous, lymphatic and nervous supply as well as a connective tissue framework.

The skin is the upper layer of the skeleton (body).

There are several main systems of the body: the skeletal, the muscular, the nervous, the digestive, the respiratory, the urinary, the endocrine, the excretory and the reproductive.

The vital activities of the cells, tissues, organs and the whole organism are based on metabolism.

The regulation between various systems of organs can be demonstrated by the coordinated changes in their activities. Intensification of the activity of one organ or system of organs is accompanied by the changes in the other system.