Metabolism of ketone bodies. Cholesterol

1. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodiesoxiditation resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH + NAD⁺

A. acetoacetic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

2. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodies oxiditation resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH+ATP+HS-CoA

A. acetoacetic acid.

B. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

E. acetoacetyl-CoA

3. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodies oxiditation resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH+ HOOC-CH₂-CH₂-CO-S-CоA

A. acetoacetic acid

B. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

E. acetoacetyl-CoA

4. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodies oxiditation resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-COA+HS-CoA

A. acetoacetic acid

B. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

E. acetoacetyl-CoA

5. Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodiesoxiditationto their formulas

CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

B. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

C. acetoacetyl-CoA

D. acetyl-CoA

E. β-hydroxybutyrate

6. Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodies oxiditation to their formulas

CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

A. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

B. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

C. acetoacetyl-CoA

D. acetyl-CoA

E. β-hydroxybutyrate

7. Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodies oxiditation to their formulas

CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH

A. acetoacetyl-CoA

B. acetyl-CoA

C. β-hydroxybutyrate

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. acetoacetic acid

8. Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodies oxiditation to their formulas

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

A. acetoacetyl-CoA

B. acetyl-CoA

C. β-hydroxybutyrate

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. acetoacetic acid

9. Match the following

Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodiesoxidation to their formulas

1. CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA A. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

2. CH₃-CO-S-CoA B. acetyl-CoA

C. β-hydroxybutyrate

D .acetoacetyl-CoA

10. Match the following

Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodies oxidation to their formulas

1. CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH A. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

2. CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH B. acetyl-CoA

C. β-hydroxybutyrate

D. acetoacetyl-CoA

E. acetoacetic acid

11. Match the following

Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodies oxidation to their formulas

1. CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA A. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

2. CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH B. acetyl-CoA

C. β-hydroxybutyrate

D. acetoacetyl-CoA

E. acetoacetic acid

12. Indicate the correct answer

The enzymewhich catalyzes the oxidation of ketone bodies

CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH+ATP+HS-CoA

A. acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase

B. β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase

C. succinyl-CoA-acetoacetate-transferase

D. HMG-CoA lyase

E. acyl-CoA synthatase

13. Indicate the correct answer

The enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of ketone bodies

CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH+HOOC-CH₂-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

A. acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase

B. β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase

C. succinyl-CoA-acetoacetate-transferase

D. HMG-CoA lyase

E. acyl-CoA synthatase

14. Indicate the correct answer

The enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of ketone bodies

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA+HS-CoA

A. acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase

B. β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase

C. succinyl-CoA-acetoacetate-transferase

D. HMG-CoA lyase

E. acyl-CoA synthetase

15. Arrange in the correct sequence

Metabolites of ketone bodiesoxidation

A. CAC

B. acetoacetyl-CоA

C. acetyl-CоA

D. β-hydroxybutyrate

E. acetoacetic acid

16. Arrange in the correct sequence

Metabolites of ketone bodies oxidation

A. CAC

B. CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

C. CH₃-CO-S-CoA

D. CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

E. CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH

17. Select the desired object in the picture

Indicate the ATP-dependent reaction in the process of ketone bodiesofoxidation

CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

1 β-hydroxybutyrate

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S- CoA

2 acetoacetyl-CоA

CH₃-CO-S-CoA

3 acetyl - CoA

CAC

18. Select the desired object in the picture

Indicate the reaction catalyzed by acetoacetate transferase in the process of ketone bodiesoxidation

CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

1 β-hydroxybutyrate

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S- CoA

2acetoacetyl-COA

CH₃-CO-S-CoA

3 acetyl - CoA

CAC

19. Select the desired object in the picture

Indicate the reaction of acetoacetic acid formation in the process of ketone bodies oxiditation

CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-COOH

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

CH₃-CO-S-CoA

СAC

20. Select the desired object in the picture

Indicate the reaction of acetyl-CoAof formation in the process of ketone bodies oxiditation

CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-COOH

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

CH₃-CO-S-CoA

CAC

21. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodiesynthesis resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-S-CoA+CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CоA

B. acetoacetyl-CоA

C. acetyl-CоA

D. mevalonic acid

E. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CоA

22. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodie synthesis resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA +NADPHH⁺

A. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CоA

B. acetoacetyl-CоA

C. acetyl-CоA

D. mevalonic acid

E. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CоA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

23. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodie synthesis resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-S-CoA + CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

B. HOOC-CH₂-C(OH)-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

C. CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

D. CH₂OH-CHOH-CH₂OH

E. CH₃-CO-S-CoA

24. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodie synthesis s resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-CH₂-COOH + NADPHH⁺

A. CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

B. HOOC-CH₂-C(OH)-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

C. CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

D. CH₂OH-CHOH-CH₂OH

E. CH₃-CO-S-CoA

25. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodie synthesis the formula of which is shown in the picture

CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-lglutaryl-CoA

26. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodie synthesis the formula of which is shown in the picture

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-lglutaryl-CoA

27. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of ketone bodie synthesis the formula of which is shown in the picture

CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH

A. β-hydroxybutyrate

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

27. Match the following

Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodies synthesis to their formulas

1. CH₃-CO-S-CoA A. β-hydroxybutyrate

2. CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

28. Match the following

Compare the names of the metabolites of ketone bodies synthesis to their formulas

1. CH₃-CHOH-CH₂-COOH A. β-hydroxybutyrate

2. CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-COA B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-glutaryl-CoA

29. Indicate the right answer

The enzyme catalyzing the given reactionin the process of ketone bodiessynthesis

CH₃-CO-S-CoA + CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. HMG-CoA lyase

B. acetyl-CoA-acetyltransferase

C. β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase

D. HMG-CoA synthase

E. diglyceride-acyltransferase

30. Indicate the right answer

The enzyme catalyzing the given reaction in the process of ketone bodies synthesis

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA + CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. HMG-CoA lyase

B. acetyl-CoA-acetyltransferase

C. β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase

D. HMG-CoA synthase

E. diglyceride-acyltransferase

31. Indicate the right answer

The enzyme catalyzing the given reaction in the process of ketone bodies synthesis

CH3-CO-CH2-CO-S-COA+ NADPHH⁺

A. HMG-CoA lyase

B. acetyl-CoA-acetyltransferase

C. β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase

D. HMG-CoA synthase

E. diglyceride-acyltransferase

32. Arrange in the correct sequence the metabolites of ketone bodiessynthesis

A. β-hydroxybutyrate

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

33. Select the desired object in the picture

The reaction catalyzed by acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase in the process of ketone bodiessynthesis

34. Select the desired object in the picture

The reaction catalyzed by HMG-CoA – lyase in the process of ketone bodies synthesis

35. Select the desired object in the picture

The reaction catalyzed by β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in the process of ketone bodiessynthesis

36. Select the desired object in the picture

The reaction of β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenasedegradationin the process of ketone bodiessynthesis

37. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of cholesterol synthesis resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-S-CoA+CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-lglutaryl-CoA

38. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of cholesterol synthesis resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA + CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-lglutaryl-CoA

39. Indicate the right answer

Metabolite of cholesterol synthesis resulting from the following reaction

CH₃-CO-S-CoA + CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-lglutaryl-CoA

40. Metabolite of cholesterol synthesis, the formula of which is shown in the picture

CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-lglutaryl-CoA

41. Metabolite of cholesterol synthesis, the formula of which is shown in the picture

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA

A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-lglutaryl-CoA

42. Match the following

Compare the names of the metabolites of cholesterol synthesis to their formulas

1. CH₃-CO-S-CoA

2. CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. β-hydroxy-β-lglutaryl-CoA

43. Indicate the right answer

The enzyme catalyzing the given reaction of cholesterol synthesis

CH₃-CO-S-CoA + CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. HMG-CoA synthase

B. HMG-CoA reductase

C. diglyceride-acyltransferase

D. thiolase

E. phosphatidycholine

44. Indicate the right answer

The enzyme catalyzing the given reaction of cholesterol synthesis

CH₃-CO-CH₂-CO-S-CoA + CH₃-CO-S-CoA

A. HMG-CoA synthase

B. HMG-CoA reductase

C. diglyceride-acyltransferase

D. thiolase

E. phosphatidycholine

45. Arrange in the correct sequence the metabolites of cholesterol synthesis

A. cholesterol

B. acetoacetyl-CoA

C. acetyl-CoA

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

E. mevalonic acid

F. squalene

G. lanosterol

46. Select the desired object in the picture
NAD⁺ dependent response of cholesterol synthesis

Acetyl - CoA

1

Acetoacetyl - CoA

2

HMG - CoA

3

Mevalonate

47. Select the desired object in the picture
The reaction catalyzed by HMG-CoA synthase in cholesterol synthesis

Acetyl - CoA

1

Acetoacetyl - CoA

2

HMG - CoA

3

Mevalonate

48. Determineand specify the enzyme , which activity is inhibited by cholesterol

A. acetyl CoA- transferase

B. acetyl CoA- decarboxylate

C. oxidometylglutaryl CoA-reductase

D. acetyl Coa-acetyltransferase

49. Indicate the right answer

All the metabolites formed during the synthesis of cholesterol and ketone bodies

A. mevalonic acid

B. acetoacetyl -CoA

C. acetoacetic acid

D. β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA

50. Cholesterol in the cells of the adrenal cortex is used for the biosynthesis of….

A. Corticosteroids

B. Bile acids

C. Vitamin D₃

D. sex hormones

E. insulin

51. Cholesterol in the cells of sex hormones is used for the biosynthesis of

A. Corticosteroids

B. Bile acids

C. Vitamin D₃

D. sex hormones

E. insulin

52. Cholesterol in the liver cells is used for the biosynthesis of………

A. Corticosteroids

B. Bile acids

C. Vitamin D₃

D. sex hormones

E. insulin

53. Cholesterol in the skin cells is used for the biosynthesis of………..

A. Corticosteroids

B. Bile acids

C. Vitamin D₃

D. sex hormones

E. insulin

54. Match the followingwith the main transport form

Lipids Transport form

1. triacylglycerol formed in

the enterocytes A. CM

2. triacylglycerol formed in B. LDL

the hepatocytes C. VLDL

D. HLD

E. CE

55. Match the following lipids with the main form of transport

Lipids The main form of transport

1. triacylglycerol formed in A. LDL

the hepatocytes B. CM

2. cholesterol C. VLDL

3. triacylglycerol formed in D. HLD

the enterocytes

56. Match the following

Transport form of lipids synthesis

1. LDL A. liver

2. CM B. blood

3. VLDL C. intestinal mucosa

4. HLD D. erythrocytes

57. Match the following

Cholesterol transport Transport form

1. in tissue A. LDL

2. from tissue B. CM

C. VLDL

D. HLD

58. Insert theright answer (write it down)

Two moles of acetyl Co A are condensed with the formation of (......). This product coudenses with another molecule of acetyl Co A, to form (.......), that is broken down into acetyl Co A and (......), which can be ather reduced into (......), then decarboxylation into (........).

59. Specify the transport form of ketone bodies

A. bound to albumin

B. free

C. VLDL

D. HLD

60. The precursor for the ketone bodiessynthesis is

A. fatty acid

B. glucose

C. acyl-CoA

D. malonyl-CoA

E. succinyl-CoA

61. Phospholipids are

A. esters of glycerol and fatty acids

B. esters of glycerol, fatty acids, phosphoric acid and nitrogenous bases

C. esters of cholesterol and fatty acids

62. Common metabolite of triacylglycerols and phospholipidssynthesis is

A. dioxyacetone

B. 3- phosphoglycerol aldehyde

C. phosphatidic acid

D. 2 monoacylglycerol

E. 1.2 -diacylglycerol

63. Phosphatidylethanolamineis formed by condensation of diacylglycerol and

A. ethanolamine

B. phosphoethanolamine

C. AMP-ethanolamine