Individual pathways of amino acid metabolism
1. Indicate the right answer
Amino acid, the formula of which is shown in the figure
A. glycine
B. methionine
C. tryptophan
D. cysteine
E. threonine
2. Indicate the right answer
Amino acid whose formula is shown in the figure
A. glycine
B. methionine
C. tryptophan
D. cysteine
E. threonine
3. Indicate the rightright answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
A. glycine
B. methionine
C. tryptophan
D. cysteine
E. threonine
4. Indicate theright right answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
A. S-adenosylmethionine
B. homocysteine
C. S-adenosylhomocysteine
D. adenosine
E. proline
5. Indicate theright right answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
A. homocysteine
B. cystathionine
C. cysteine
D. homoserine
E. serine
6. Indicate theright right answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
A. cysteine
B. serine
C. homocysteine
D. cystathionine
E. homoserine
7. Indicate theright right answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
A. serine
B. homoserine
C. cysteine
D. homocysteine
E. cystathionine
8. Indicate theright right answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
A. 5-hydroxytryptophan
B. 5-methyltryptamine
C. serotonin
D. melanin
E. melatonin
9. Indicate theright right answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
A. serotonin
B. 5-methyltryptamine
C. 5-hydroxytryptophan
D. melatonin
E. melanin
10. Indicate theright right answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
A. melanin
B. melatonin
C. 5-hydroxytryptamine
D. serotonin
E. 5-hydroxytryptophan
11. Indicate theright right answer
Individual pathway of amino acid metabolite whose formula is shown in the figure
+ O 2
A. S-adenosylmethionine
B. cysteine sulfonic acid
C. b-sulfinylpyruvate
D. pyruvate
E. oxidized glutathione
12. Indicate theright answer
The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
A. oxidized glutathione
B. taurine
C. cysteine sulfonic acid
D. tsisteinsulfinat
E. S-adenosylmethionine
F. b-sulfinylpyruvate
13. Indicate theright answer
The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
A. creatinine
B. creatine
C. glycocyamine
D. phosphocreatine
E. ornithine
14. Indicate theright answer
The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
A. creatinine
B. ornithine
C. creatine
D. phosphocreatine
E. glycocyamine
15. Name the substance which can be directlysynthesised from serine
A. taurine
B. urea
C. glycine
D. cysteine
E. creatine
16. Name the products of tryptophan metabolism in hepatocytes
A. ketone bodies and cholesterol
B. nicotinamide and kynurenine
C. glucose and galactose
D. epinephrine and nor-epinephrine
E. fumaric acid and acetoacetate
17. Indicate right answer
The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
+
A. glycocyamine
B. cystathionine
C. homoserine
D. serine
E. cysteine
18. Indicate right answer
The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
+
A. glycocyamine
B. cystathionine
C. homoserine
D. serine
E. cysteine
19. Indicate several right t answers
The metabolites of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
+ H 2 O
A. cystathionine
B. cysteine
C. homoserine
D. serine
E. glycocyamine
20. Indicate the right answer
The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
A. serotonin
B. 5-hydroxytryptophan
C. melatonin
D. tryptophan
E. 5-hydroxytryptamine
21. Indicate the right answer
The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
A. tryptophan
B. 5-hydroxytryptamine
C. 5-hydroxytryptophan
D. serotonin
E. melatonin
22. Indicate the right answer
The metabolite of individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
+ CH 3 -SOSKoA
A. Serotonin
B. 5-hydroxytryptophan
C. 5-hydroxytryptamine
D. melatonin
E. tryptophan
23. Glycine takes part in the synthesis of
A. melatonin and serotonine
B. creatine and heme
C. epinephrine and melanine
D. heme and histamine
E. taurine and serine
24. Matching
Match the following amino acids with their products in the reaction of transamination
Amino acids Products
4. alanine A. oxaloacetate
5. aspartic acid B. pyruvate
6. glutamic acid C. α-ketoglutarate
D. phenylpyruvate
E. α-ketobutyric acid
25. Which of the following amino acids are required forthe synthesis of creatine ?
A. arginine, aspartate, methionine
B. arginine, glycine, methionine
C. arginine, lysine, methionine
D. glycine, aspartate, ornithine
E. serine, methionine, cysteine
26. Methionine methyl group is used for the synthesis of
A. epinephrine
B. creatine
C. serotonine
D. none of the above mentioned
E. all of the above mentioned
27. The sythesis of epinephrine from nor-epinephrine occurs as aoxidative deamination
A. decarboxylation
B. methylation
C. acetylation
28. Name the amino acid which is used for the synthesis of catecholamines
A. valine
B. phenylalanine
C. alanine
D. histidine
E. threonine
29. Glycine can be directly synthesized from
A. serine
B. phenylalanine
C. alanine
D. valine
E. histidine
30. Cysteine can be synthesized from methionine withthe participation of
A. threonine
B. serine
C. glycine
D. lysine
E. leucine
31. Carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine are substrates for the synthesis of
A. fumarate
B. arginine
C. citrulline
D. aspartate
E. ornithine
32. Matching
Match the following amino acids with their products
Amino acidsProducts
1. tyrosine A. fumaric acid
2. tryptophane B. melatonine
C. nicotinamide
D. thyroxin
E. melanine
33. Matching
Match the following
1. The products of oxidative deamination A. α-ketoacids
2. The products of decarboxylation reaction B. amines
3. Intermediate product of transdeamination C. NH3
reaction D. α-ketohydroxyacids
E. CO2
F. glutamate
34. Matching
Match the following amino acids with their products
Amino acids Products
1. triptophan A. melatonine
2. phenylalanine B. taurine
3. cysteine C. sulfuric acid
D. epinephrine
E. serotonine
35. The given metabolites are used for the synthesis of
1. Methyl-THFA A. epinephrine
2. Formyl-THFA B. purine bases
C. lecitine
D. pyrimidine bases
E. creatine
36. Glycine is involved in the synthesis of
A. nonepinephrine and epinephrine
B. creatine and heme
C. nicotinamide and serotonine
D. heme and glucose
E. serotonine and cysteine
37. Indicatethe right answer
Metabolite individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
A.
B.
C.
D.
38. Indicate the right answer
Metabolite individual ways of amino acid metabolism as a result of this reaction
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
39. Indicate the several correct answers
Amino acids individual pathway shown in the figure
+
+
A. serine
B. glycine
C. arginine
D. cysteine
E. methionine
40. Indicate the right answer
Individual pathway of amino acids shown in the figure
A. cysteine
B. arginine
C. phenylalanine
D. methionine
E. tryptophan
41. Indicate the several correct answers
Biologically active compounds shown in the figure
A. melanin
B. histamine
C. melatonin
D. serotonin
E. taurine
42. Choose for illustration
Mark the reaction proceeding in thekidney
43. Choose for illustration
Designate the reactions occuring in the liver
44. Choose for illustration
Designate the reactions forming cystathioninein individual pathwaysofamino acid metabolism
45. Choose for illustration
Mark the reaction of homoserine and cysteineformation in individual pathwaysof the amino acid metabolism
46. Choose for illustration
Mark the reaction blockwhich results in homocystinuria
47. Choose for illustration
Mark the reaction block which results in cystathioninuria
48. Choose for illustration
Mark the reaction of creatine formation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway
49. Choose for illustration
Mark the reaction of creatine phosphate formation in amino acid metabolism individual pathway
50. Choose for illustration
Mark the reaction of creatinine formation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway
51. Choose to object the illustrations
Mark the reaction of 5-hydroxytryptophan formation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway
52. Choose to object the illustrations
Mark the reaction of 5-hydroxytryptamineformation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway
53. Choose to object the illustrations
Mark the reaction of serotoninformation in the metabolism of amino acids individual pathway
54. Choose to object the illustrations
Mark the reaction of melatonin formation in individual pathwayof amino acid metabolism
55. Choose to object the illustrations
Mark the reaction which is a coenzyme in the individual pathwayof amino acid metabolism
56. Choose to object the illustrations
Mark the reaction coenzyme that is an active form of vitamin B 6in individual pathwayof amino acid metabolism
57. Indicate several correct answers
Methionine participates in the formation of
A. serotonin
B. acetoacetate
C. methyl groups
D. glucose
E. nicotinamide
F. melatonin
G. cysteine
58. Indicateseveral correct answers
Compounds that are formed from glycine
A. taurine
B. purine bases
C. heme
D. serine
E. creatine
59. Indicateseveral correct answers
The role of tryptophan in the biochemical processes
A. the formation of porphyrins
B. choline synthesis
C. melatonin synthesis
D. the synthesis of serotonin
E. nicotinamide synthesis
60. Indicatethe right answer
Amino acids involved in the methylation reaction
A. tyrosine
B. leucine
C. valine
D. isoleucine
E. methionine
61. Indicateseveral correct answers
Synthesis of cysteine implemented with the participation of amino acids
A. glycine
B. serine
C. methionine
D. arginine
E. tryptophan
62. Indicateseveral correct answers
Serine is used to synthesize
A. cysteine
B. pyrimidine bases
C. epinephrine
D. methionine
E. acetylcholine
F. phosphatidylcholine
63. Indicateseveral correct answers
Compounds that are formed from glycine
A. taurine
B. serine
C. heme
D. cysteine
E. creatine
F. uric acid
Metabolism of nucleotides
1. Indicatethe correct answer
The secondary structure of nucleic acids stabilize
A. peptide
B. disulfide
C. hydrogen
D. hydrophobic
E. ester bonds
2. Indicateseveral correct answers
Sources of nitrogen atoms for the synthesis of the purine ring
A. glycine
B. ammonia
C. alanine
D. aspartate
E. glutamine
3. Indicate right answer
Final degradation product of purine bases
A. xanthine
B. hypoxanthine
C. uric acid
D. urea
E. β - alanine
4. Indicateseveral correct answers
Nucleic acids contain three pyrimidine bases
A. uracil
B. cytosine
C. thymine
D. guanine
E. adenine
5. Indicateseveral correct answers
Two purine nucleosideswhich are found in nucleic acids
A. adenosine
B. guanosine
C. thymine
D. adenine
E. guanine
6. Indicate the right answer
The final product of catabolism of adenine is
A. uric acid
B. β-alanine
C. α-alanine
D. α-aminoizobutirat
E. β-aminoizobutirat
7. Indicate the right answer
The final product of guanine catabolism is
A. uric acid
B. β-alanine
C. α-alanine
D. α-aminoizobutirat
E. β-aminoizobutirat
8. Indicate the right answer
The final product of cytosine catabolism is
A. uric acid
B. β-alanine
C. α-alanine
D. α-aminoizobutirat
E. β-aminoizobutirat
9. Indicate the right answer
The final product of catabolism of thymine is
A. uric acid
B. β-alanine
C. α-alanine
D. α-aminoizobutirate
E. β-aminoizobutirate
10. Indicate the right answer
Nucleoside phosphorylated at one of the hydroxyl group called pentose
A. nucleosome
B. transkrypton
C. nucleoside
D. nucleotide
E. primer
11. Indicatethe correct statement
A. the nucleotide sequence of DNA from different species varies
B. the nucleotide sequence of the DNA in this species does not change with age
C. the nucleotide sequence of the DNAin closely related species is identical
D. the nucleotide sequence of DNA of closely related species is identical and constantly changing with vozratom
E. none of the above mentioned
12. Indicateseveral correct answers
Amino acids required for the biosynthesis of pyrimidine ring are
A. glutamine
B. serine
C. glycine
D. tyrosine
E. aspartic acid
13. Indicateseveral correct answers
Amino acids necessary for the biosynthesis of adenine and guanine are
A. glutamine
B. serine
C. glycine
D. aspartic acid
E. tyrosine
14. Indicateseveral correct answers
Amino acids used in the biosynthesis of nitrogen bases of nucleic acids are
A. glycine
B. serine
C. cysteine
D. glutamine
E. glutamate
15. Indicateseveral correct answers
Histone characteristic feature is a high content of such amino acids as
A. arginine
B. glycine
C. glutamate
D. alanine
E. lysine
16. Indicateseveral correct answers
RNA in cells are localized in
A. nucleus
B. cytoplasm
C. ribosome
D. lysosomes
E. all of the above mentioned
17. Specify the following
nitrogenous base of purine derivative | adenosine triphosphate | |
nitrogenous base of pyrimidine derivative | RNA | |
nucleoside | adenosine | |
nucleotide | adenine | |
nucleic acid | uracil | |
DNA |
18. Indicatethe right answer
Nitrogenous bases of purine derivatives is
A. adenosine triphosphate
B. RNA
C. adenosine
D. adenine
E. uracil
19. Indicatethe right answer
Pyrimidine derivative of nitrogenous bases in adenosine triphosphate is
A. RNA
B. adenosine
C. adenine
D. uracil
20. Indicate the right answer
A nucleoside is
A. adenosine triphosphate
B. RNA
C. adenosine
D. adenine
E. uracil
21. Indicate the right answer
Nucleotides are
A. adenosine triphosphate
B. RNA
C. adenosine
D. adenine
E. uracil
22. Indicate the right answer
State nitrogenous bases that are absent in RNA
A. adenine
B. guanine
C. cytosine
D. thymine
E. uracil
23. ndicate the right answer
State nitrogenous bases that are absent in the DNA
A. adenine
B. guanine
C. cytosine
D. thymine
E. uracil
24. Indicate the right answer
Initially formed purine nucleotide is called
A. orotate monophosphate
B. nosine monophosphate
C. 5- phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate
D. ribose-5-phosphate
E. adenine
25. Indicate the right answer
Precursors of xanthine are
A. uracil and thymine
B. uracil and cytosine
C. adenosine and guanosine
D. uric acid
E. all the above mentioned
26. Indicate theright answer
Basic biochemical symptom in gout is
A. hyperammonemia
B. hyperglycemia
C. hyperuricemia
D. hyperrmethioninaemia
F. none of the above mentioned
27. Indicatetheright answer
A key enzyme in the synthesis of pyrimidine is
A. cytidine triphosphate synthase
B. adenylosuccinate synthase
C. amidophosphoribosyltransferase
D. carbamoylphosphate synthetaseII
E. orotatphosphoribosylltransferase
28. Indicatetheright answer
Key enzyme in the synthesis of purines
A. cytidine triphosphate synthase
B. adenylosuccinate synthase
C. amidophosphoribosyltransferase
D. carbamoylphosphate synthetaseII
E. orotatphosphoribosylltransferase
29. Indicatetheright answer
Name the synthesis inhibitor which are 5-fluorouracil
A. purine synthesis and thymine
B. purine synthesis in bacteria
C. uracil synthesis in bacteria
D. only the synthesis of thymine
E. purine synthesis and uracil
30. Indicatetheright answer
Name the synthesis inhibitor which is methotrexate
A. synthesizing pyrimidines
B. purine synthesis and thymine
C. uracil synthesis in bacteria
D. only the synthesis of thymine
E. purine synthesis and uracil
31. Indicatetheright answer
Name the synthesis inhibitor which are sulfonamides
A. purine synthesis and thymine
B. purine synthesis in bacteria
C. uracil synthesis in bacteria
D. only the synthesis of thymine
E. purine synthesis and uracil
Vitamins. Diagnosis and correction of of vitamin functionimpairments. Metabolism and functions of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5
1. Matching
Match the following vitamins with their application
Vitamins Application
В3 (РР) | Piridine dependentanemia | ||
В1 | Hartnupdisease | ||
Pellagra | |||
Macrocytic anemia | |||
Beri-beri |
2. Indicatethe the correct variant
Flavin coenzyme involved in the reaction of oxidation
A. Succinate
B. Malate
C. Glucose
D. Isocitrate
E. Α-ketoglutarate
3. Indicatethecorrect answer
Flavin coenzyme involved in oxidative decarboxylation
A. Α-ketoglutarate
B. Succinyl-CoA
C. Malate
D. Glucose
E. Isocitrate
4. Indicatethecorrect answer
Flavin coenzyme involved in the reaction ofoxidation
A. Glucose
B. Acetyl-CoA
C. Isocitrate
D. Malate
E. Pyruvate
5. Name the coenzyme which takes part in the reaction of transacylation
A. Pyridoxal phosphate
B. Coenzyme A
C. FAD
D. NAD+
E. TDP
6. Name the active form of thiamine
A. THFA
B. Pyridoxal phosphate
C. Coenzyme A
D. FAD
E. TDP
7. Name the active forms of vitamin B2
A. NAD+ and FAD
B. FAD and FMN
C. Coenzyme A and FAD
D. TDP and FMN
E. THFA and FAD
8. Name the disease which arises in case of thiamine deficiency in the diet
A. Pellagra
B. Rickets
C. Beri-beri
D. Anemia
E. Scurvy
9. Which cofactors are used in oxidative decarboxylation of α-ketoglutarate?
A. THFA, FAD, lipoic acid, hscoa, NAD+
B. Pyridoxal phosphate, THFA, TDP, NAD+, FAD
C. TDP, NAD+, FAD, THFA, lipoic acid
D. Lipoic acid, TDP, NAD+, FAD, hscoa
E. TDP, FAD, NADH, hscoa, lipoic acid
10. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by nicotinamide-dependent enzyme
A. Α-ketoglutarate → succinyl CoA
B. Oxaloacetate → phosphoenolpyruvate
C. Fumarate → malate
D. Glucine + succinyl Coa → δ-aminolevulenic acid
E. Histidine → histamine
11. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by pantothenate-dependent enzyme
A. Pyruvate → oxaloacetate
B. Phenylalanine → tyrosine
C. Serine → pyruvate
D. Pyruvate → acetyl Coa
E. Succinate → fumarate
12. Name niacin hypovitaminosis
A. Rickets
B. Beri-beri
C. Pellagra
D. Scurvy
E. Xerophthalmia
13. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by thiamine-dependent enzyme
A. Fumarate → malate
B. Pyruvate → oxaloacetate
C. Serine → glycine
D. Α-ketoisovalerate → isobutyryl coa
E. Homocysteine+serine → cystathionine
14. Name the vitamin which active form takes part in the conversion of succinate into fumarate
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B3
D. Vitamin B5
E. Vitamin B6
15. Name the coenzymes synthesized from niacine
A. NAD+ and FAD
B. NAD+ and NADP+
C. Coenzyme A and THFA
D. FAD and FMN
E. THFA and FAD
16. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by riboflavin-dependent enzyme
A. Pyruvate → lactate
B. Methylmalonyl coa→ succinyl coa
C. Isocitrate → α-ketoglutarate
D. Acyl coa → enoyl coa
E. Fumarate → malate
17. Name the biochemical symptoms of vitamin B1 deficiency
A. Increased level of pyruvate and acetate in blood
B. Increased level of pyruvate and lactate in blood
C. Increased level of pyruvate and citrate in blood
D. Decreased level of lactate and citrate in blood
E. None of the above mentioned
18. Matching
Match the following vitamins with their application
Vitamins Application
1. Thiamine A. Keratitis
2. Riboflavin B. Neuritis
3. Pantothenate C. Dermatitis
4. Niacin D. Hair abnormality
E. Hemorrhages
19. Chooseseveral correct answers
Flavin coenzymes involved in the reaction of oxidation are
A. Fatty acids
B. Citrate
C. Glutamate
D. Pyruvate
E. Succinate
20. Name the biochemical reaction catalyzed by nicotinamide
A. Glutamic acid ---> A-ketoglutarate + ammonia
B. Propionyl Coa ---> methylmalonyl Coa
C. Homocysteine +serine --->cystathionine
D. 5-hydroxytryptophan ---> serotonin
E. Serine → glycine
21. Choose several correct answers
Vitamin B2 is an integral part of such nucleotides us
A. Biotin
B. Pyridoxal
C. Flavin adenine dinucleotide
D. Nicotinamide
E. Thiamine pyrophosphate
F. Flavinadeninmononucleotide
22. Match the following vitamins with their active forms
Vitamins | Active form of vitamin |
B 2 | NAD |
B 3 | FAD |
HS-Coa | |
THFA | |
TDP |
23. Match the following vitamins with their active forms
Vitamins | Active form of vitamin | ||
В1 | HS-Coa | ||
B2 | THFA | ||
FAD | |||
NAD | |||
TDP |
24. Match the following vitamins with their active forms
Vitamins | Active form of vitamin | ||
PP | Pyridoxal phosphate | ||
B1 | NAD | ||
FAD | |||
TDP | |||
NADP | |||
THFA | |||
HS-Coa | |||
25. Match the following vitamins with their active forms
Vitamins | Active form of vitamin | ||
B1 | Cobalamin | ||
B3(PP) | Nicotinic acid | ||
Riboflavin | |||
Thiamin | |||
Biotin | |||
Pyridoxine | |||
Pantothenic acid | |||
Nicotinamide |
26. Match the following vitamins with their active forms
Vitamins | Active form of vitamin | ||
PP | Thiamin | ||
B3 | Pantothenic acid | ||
B2 | Nicotinamide | ||
Biotin | |||
Pyridoxine | |||
Nicotinic acid | |||
Cobalamin | |||
Riboflavin |
27. Match the following vitamins with their active forms
Vitamin | Active form of vitamin | ||
B2 | Nicotinic acid | ||
B1 | Biotin | ||
Nicotinamide | |||
Riboflavin | |||
Thiamin | |||
Pantothenic acid | |||
Cobalamin | |||
Pyridoxine |
28. Indicate several correct answers
Compounds belonging to the vitamin-links
A. Choline
B. Pantothenic acid
C. Folic acid
D. Lipoic acid
E. Nicotinamide
29. Chooseseveral correct answers
Characteristics of vitamins
A. The daily demand from several mg to several g
B. Organic nature
C. Synthesis in the body in sufficient quantities
D. Inorganic nature
E. Are plastic materials
F. Are not synthesized in the body in sufficient quantities
30. Matchthe following vitamins with the corresponding biochemical reaction
Substance shall Catalysis | Biochemical reaction | |
Nicotinic acid | Succinate--------- > fumarate | |
Riboflavin | A -ketoglutarate -> succinyl-coa | |
Acyl-coa -----> enoyl-coa | ||
Pyruvate -----> acetyl-coa |
31. Match the following vitamins with the corresponding biochemical reaction
Substance shall Catalysis | Biochemical reaction | |
Thiamin | Pyruvate -----> acetyl-coa | |
Nicotinic acid | A -ketoglutarate -> succinyl-coa | |
Acyl-coa -----> enoyl-coa | ||
Propionyl-coa ----> methylmalonyl-coa |
32. Match the following vitamins with their application
Signs of failure | Vitamins | |
Skin and scalp | B2 | |
Polyneuritis | B 9 | |
B 1 | ||
B 12 | ||
PP |
33. Match the following vitamins with their application
Signs of failure | Vitamins | |
Beriberi | B 6 | |
Pellagra | B 2 | |
B 1 | ||
PP | ||
B 12 |
34. Match the following vitamins with their application
Signs of failure | Vitamins | |
Inflammation of the face and hands | PP | |
Inflammation of the tongue (glossitis) | B 1 | |
Lesion the scalp | B 2 | |
Polyneuritis |
35. Match the following vitamins with their application
Inborn errors of vitamin functions | Vitamins | |
maple syrup urine disease | B 2 | |
Leigh's disease | Riboflavin | |
PP | ||
B 1 | ||
Thiamin |
36. Indicate the correct answer
Basic physiological effects of vitamin B 1 is
A. Antianemic
B. Antidermatic
C. Antineurotic
D. Antihemorrhagic
E. Antixerophthalmic