VIII. Use Present Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect; Past Indefinite, Continuous
1. You ever (to treat) anybody for angina pectoris?
2. We seldom (to miss) lectures.
3. What he (to be ill) with?
4. Usually he (to cope) with his Physics.
5. I (to include) this task into the experiment already.
6. The other day he (to fall ill) with lobar pneumonia.
7. You always (to follow) doctor’s treatment?
8. What you (to be interested in) in your childhood?
9. She often (to take part) in conferences.
10. When I came to see her, she (to study) Histology.
11. While I (to cough), I (to have) much hot tea with raspberry jam.
12. She just (the reveal) moist rales.
13. Five years ago my fellow-student (to be ill) with measles.
14. I didn’t hear the telephone call, because I (to listen) to music in my ear-phones.
15. How often he (to catch) colds?
16. Last night she (to make) an appointment with her neurologist as she (to feel) pain in the lower part of her back.
17. Whom you (to wait) for here?
18. When the doctor (to put) you on a sick-leave?
19. I (not to keep) the fever down yet.
20. Where you (to go) for your winter vocations?
21. She (to go in for) sports for 10 years.
IX. Translate into English
1. Врач только что выписал рецепт.
- выписывает рецепт сейчас.
- выписывал рецепт, когда я вошел в кабинет.
- выписал рецепт несколько минут назад.
2. Я сейчас прохожу курс физиотерапии.
- прохожу курс физиотерапии каждый год
- проходил курс физиотерапии в это время прошлой зимой
- уже прошел курс физиотерапии в своей поликлинике.
3. Мой друг часто принимает таблетки от головной боли.
- принял таблетку от сердечной боли час назад;
- принимает таблетки от язвы желудка уже неделю;
- не принимает сейчас таблетки.
4. Врачи уже остановили процесс воспаления в легких.
- на днях остановили процесс воспаления.
5. Мой одногруппник всегда следует советам родителей.
- последовал моему совету;
- уже последовал нашему совету;
- следовал постельному режиму, пока у него была температура.
X. Translate the sentences into English
1. Он избежал воспаления легких.
2. Я почувствовал немедленное облегчение.
3. Вы болели когда-либо ангиной? – Нет, никогда.
4. Терапевт делает сейчас обход по участку.
5. Позавчера медсестра сделала мне укол от сердечной боли.
6. Мы собираемся госпитализировать вас.
7. Вы уже поставили диагноз?
8. Врач назначил мне курс физиотерапии.
9. Когда я вошел в кабинет, врач осматривал больного.
10. Она сейчас жалуется на боль в загрудинной области.
11. Как часто вы бываете на свежем воздухе?
12. Какие болезни вы перенесли в детстве?
13. Успокойтесь, пожалуйста. У вас нет осложнений.
14. Продолжайте осмотр.
15. Мой друг всегда заботится о своем здоровье.
16. Вчера в это время у нас было заседание научного кружка.
THE PAST PERFECT TENSE
ПРОШЕДШЕЕ ЗАКОНЧЕННОЕ ВРЕМЯ
Образование
| Утвердительная форма | Отрицательная форма | Вопросительная форма |
| I You He had Ved / 3 We You They | I You He had not Ved / 3 We (hadn’t Ved / 3) You They | I You He Had We Ved / 3 You They |
Примечание: В вопросительно-отрицательной форме отрицание «not» ставится непосредственно после подлежащего:
“Had I not worked?”
Употребление
The Past Perfect Tense употребляется для выражения прошедшего действия, которое уже совершилось до определенного момента в прошлом.
Этот момент может быть определен:
а) предлогом «by» (к)
We had translated the article by 5 o’clock yesterday.
б) союзами «after» (после того как), «before» (перед тем как), «as soon as» (как только), «when» (когда)
I had finished my work before he returned.
в) другим прошедшим действием, которое выражено The Past Indefinite Tense
We had finished the work when the bell rang.
г) The Past Perfect Tense употребляется в главном предложении при наличии наречий: hardly ... when; scarcely ... when; no sooner ... that (едва ... как, не успели ... как). В последующем придаточном предложении употребляется The Past Indefinite Tense. С данными наречиями возможны два варианта порядка слов:
He had hardly entered the house, when it started to rain.
Hardly had he entered the house, when it started to rain.
EXERCISES
I. Translate the sentences into Russian and analyse the usage of the Past Indefinite Tenses
- Before I entered the Institute I had got my certificate of health.
- The doctor made the diagnosis of colitis after he had examined me.
- By the evening he had felt better and cheerful.
- Scarcely had he had his dinner when he felt a sharp pain in his stomach.
- The nurse had taken the patient’s temperature when the therapeutist entered the consulting room.
II. Put the verbs into the Past Perfect Tense and translate them into Russian
1. I: to admit; follow; to direct; to gargle;
2. You: to hospitalize; to recover; to drop; to avoid;
3. It: to absorb; to digest; to store; to provide; to increase; to stagnate; to convert;
4. They: to deal; to undergo; to hear; to have; to give; to break down; to feel.
III. Transform two sentences into one using the Past Perfect and the Past Indefinite tenses, then translate the sentences into Russian
| A. Model: | - The doctor made the diagnosis. The doctor examined the patient (after). |
| - The doctor made the diagnosis after he had examined the patient. |
1. The doctor made the initial diagnosis of lobar pneumonia. He heard some moist rales. (before)
2. The woman gargled her throat. The doctor prescribed an antiseptic mouth wash to her. (when)
3. The food passed to the stomach. It mixed with gastric juice. (as soon as)
4. She underwent a course of physiotherapy. She felt better. (after)
5. I caught a bad cold. I stayed in bed for several days. (when)
| B. Model: | - Two days passed. Mary felt better. |
| 1. – Two days had hardly passed when Mary felt better. | |
| 2. – Hardly had two days passed when Mary felt better. |
1. He had a headache. He took a tablet.
2. She told her name and address. The registering clerk found her patient’s card.
3. The doctor listened to the patient’s lungs. He sent the patient to be X-rayed.
4. The therapeutist saw 15 out-patients. Then she went out to calls.
5. Glands in the mouth lubricated and moistened particles of food with saliva. The tongue conveyed food to the throat.
IV. Answer the following questions
1. What happened to the food after it had been partly digested in the stomach?
2. What functions of liver had scientists studied by the end of the 20th century?
3. How long had the patient ill with angina pectoris stayed in the hospital before he recovered?
4. How long had your district doctor practised medicine before he became an experienced therapeutist?
5. What had the doctor done before he made the diagnosis of lobar pneumonia?
V. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative
- I have already filled in this patient’s card.
- We were present at the examinations for the first time.
- The doctor had examined patients by 3 o’clock.
- He advised me to be out in the open air as much as possible.
- The nurse was taking the patient’s blood pressure when the doctor came.
VI. Open the brackets using the verbs in the Past Indefinite the Past Continuous or the Past Perfect Tenses
1. The ambulance (to arrive) five minutes after you (to leave) the house.
- The doctor (to understand) that the patients (to wait) for him.
- Though the man (to undergo) the course of treatment he (not to feel) better.
- She (to graduate from) this Medical college 5 years ago.
- It (to rain) hard last morning when I (to go) out to see my sick friend.
- We (to thank) the doctor for what he (to do) for us.
- While the doctor (to examine) me the nurse (to fill in) my patient’s card.
- Before she (to enter) the Institute, she (to work) as a nurse.
- By the time mother (to come) home my temperature (to become) normal.
- No sooner the nurse (to give) me an injection than I (to feel) better.
- Yesterday the doctor (to put) her on a sick-leave as her condition (to be) rather bad.
- When the nurse (to return), I already (to take) my temperature.
VII Translate using the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous and the Past Perfect Tenses
| 1. Он страдал от сильной боли | - вчера. - целый вечер вчера. - до того, как медсестра сделала ему укол. |
| 2. Он поступил в больницу | - два дня тому назад. - как только врач осмотрел его. |
| 3. Она работала | - в этой больнице в прошлом году. - над новым проектом, когда я зашел к ней. - медсестрой перед тем, как поступила в институт. - над своим проектом, пока я просматривал результаты анализов. |
VIII. Choose the right variant of the verb
- Yesterday the doctor ___ me carefully.
a) examines; b) examined; c) has examined.
2. The doctor usually ___ his patients carefully.
a) has examined; b) is examining; c) examines.
3. Some days ago I 1) ___ for my friend while the doctor 2) ___ him.
| 1) a) am waiting | 2) a) was examining |
| b) was waiting | b) had examined |
| c) waited | c) examined |
4. The doctor ___ me now.
a) is examining; b) examines; c) has examined.
5. The doctor already ___ me.
a) examined; b) had examined; c) has examined.
6. The doctor already 1) ___ me when my father 2) ___ the room.
| 1) a) examined | 2) a) had entered |
| b) had examined | b) entered |
| c) has examined | c) was entering |
- The doctor ___ me for an hour.
a) is examining; b) had examined; c) has examined.
8. Hardly 10 minutes 1) ___ when the doctor 2) ___ me.
| 1) a) passed | 2) a) examined |
| b) had passed | b) was examining |
| c) has passed | c) had examined |
- The doctor ___ to examine me soon.
a) is going; b) goes; c) has gone.
10. The doctor ___ me today.
a) examines; b) is examining; c) has examined.
IX. Open the brackets using the necessary Present or Past Tenses
1. Ten hours before the patient was admitted to the hospital he (to feel) a sudden severe abdominal pain.
2. Since what time this girl (to follow) a strict bed regime?
3. The doctor (to confirm) the initial diagnosis yesterday?
4. Lately we (to receive) interesting laboratory findings.
5. The doctors of our University (to spend) much time on research work.
6. – Are there any patients in the ward? – No, there aren’t. All of them (to have) their dinner in the cafeteria.
7. When you (to recover)?
8. You (to recover)?
9. The nurse (to take) the patient’s electrocardiogram before the doctor (to make) his daily round of visits.
10. She (to be) on duty yesterday.
11. The registering clerk (to check) the patient’s cards when I (to ask) her to help.
12. You must follow the prescribed treatment because the diseases (to cause) serious complications.
13. You ever (to be) ill with the grippe?
14. He (to gargle) his throat when I (to come) to see him.
15. – Can I speak to Dr. Smith? – Sorry, you can’t. He just (to go out) and (to examine) his patient now.
16. Scarcely she (to leave) the hospital when she (to feel) the pain again.
17. By yesterday morning the patient’s temperature (to fall) to normal.
X. Translate the sentences into English
1. Весь курс лечения произвел заметное действие на состояние пациента уже к концу прошлой недели.
2. Ты когда-нибудь соблюдал строгую диету?
3. Желудок и запасает и помогает переваривать пищу.
4. – Ты уже приняла таблетки? – Нет, я собираюсь принять их после обеда.
5. Сколько ты принимаешь это лекарство? Когда ты принимала его последний раз?
6. Мой отец заболел на этой неделе и все еще чувствует себя отвратительно.
7. Что ты обычно делаешь, когда чувствуешь сильную зубную боль?
8. Позвольте мне взглянуть на ваше горло. Понятно, вы страдаете от ангины.
9. – Как часто вы обращаетесь к врачам? – Я не была на приеме у врачей уже пять лет.
10. Едва она поправилась, как снова заболела гриппом.
11. Вчера этот пациент жаловался на боль в горле, когда врач осматривал его.
12. Он надевал халат, когда я обратился к нему с вопросом.
13. – Ты знаешь нашего участкового врача? – Да, он работает в нашей больнице уже несколько лет. Он был семейным врачом перед тем, как начал работать здесь.
14. – Ты записалась на прием к врачу? – Да, я собираюсь посетить его на следующей неделе.
15. – Когда ты записалась на прием к терапевту? – Вчера.
XI. *** (For advanced students). Open the brackets using one of the Present or Past forms in the following sentences
1. It was an early morning. John, who (to be) in bed until half an hour ago, (to wear) his silk gown.
2. Mr. Wrangle: “Why does a woman say she (to shop) when she (not to buy) a thing?” Mrs. Wrangle: “Why does a man say that he (to fish) when he (not to catch) anything?”
3. When she (to go) out of the room Jack (to stand) just outside the door, and she (to have) the impression that he (to try) to listen to what her father (to say) in the room.
4. She (to find) the family on the beach. They (to sit) on the sand beside his clothes. Paula and John (to get) fully dressed and (to walk) slowly along the beach.
5. She (to realize) that she (to be) so interested in what Jack (to say) that she (to forget) to eat.
6. They (to walk) for less that an hour when the moon, which (to pass) its first quarter, suddenly (to appear) between the heavy clouds.
7. Her parents (to live) in Florence and she (to visit) them every week-end.
8. He (to remember) that his mother (to meet) her first husband when she (to work) in a New York publishing house.
9. “Hello,” she said, “I’m glad you (to have) lunch here. I (to want) to talk to you.”
10. “You (to see) her today?” “Yes. We (to have) lunch together.”
11. I (to play) for several minutes before I (to see) that Marcel (to sit) behind my back.
12. The telephone (to ring) as he (to unlock) the door of his apartment.
13. It’s a pity, I always (to do) things first and (to think) afterwards.
14. Grant already (to change) into some dry thinks and (to wait) for dinner to be announced when there was a knock at the door.
XII. (For advanced students). Translate the sentences into English
1. Когда Джек оглянулся, Хилтоны танцевали танго, прижавшись щека к щеке.
2. Он, кажется, не знает твоего нового адреса. – Нет, знает. Он заходил ко мне на днях.
3. Не успели они проехать и тридцати километров, как погода изменилась.
4. Он преподаватель истории. Он работает с тех пор, как окончил университет.
5. Где вы были все это время? – Извините, я не знала, что вы меня ждали.
6. Я хочу знать, куда они положили книги.
7. Она отправила телеграмму, так как не получила никаких известий из дому.
8. Я знаю, что она заболела и находится в больнице. В какую больницу ее положили?
9. Эта пожилая женщина с добрым лицом – моя мать.
10. Жаль, что врач ушел. Я не спросила его, когда принимать таблетки.
11. Стемнело к тому времени, как мы добрались до города. Шел дождь, и мы хотели поскорее оказаться дома.
12. Пока водитель укладывал вещи в машину, Джек закурил сигарету.
13. Он знает, что мы уходим?
14. Но они еще ничего не сделали. Как вы думаете, чего они ждут?
ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ
THE PAST INDEFINITE TENSE 3
THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE 19
THE PAST PERFECT TENSE 25
Кафедра иностранных языков
Методические разработки