Exercise 7. Present Progressive or Present Simple.

DOCTOR’S AND PATIENT’S LEXICS

1. What is the matter with you?
2. What is the trouble?
3. What do you complain of?
4. to treat smb.for deasease
5. to consult a doctor.
6. to call for a doctor.
7. to diagnose
8. to send to the hospital
9. to feel well (bad)
10. to feel better
11. to be sick
12. to complain of smth.
13. to follow doctor’s instruction
14. to prescribe a medicine
15. to be on sick – leave
16. to disobey doctor’s directions
17. to make tests (blood, urine)
18. to recover
19. incomplete (complete) recovery.

DISEASES AND NURSERING

1. influenza (cold)
2. quinsy
3. pneumonia
4. scarlet fever
5. measles
6. rickets
7. small pox
8. appendicitis
9. cancer
10. jaundice
11. ulcer (of the duodenum)
12. itch
13. mumps
14. tuberculosis
15. diphtheria
16. hepatitis
17. whooping cough
18. intestinal worm
19. bronchitis
20. hypertension (hypotension)
21. AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)
22. chicken pox
23. poisoning
24. sunstroke

SYMPTHOMS

1. to lose consciousness
2. diarrhea
3. low (high) blood pressure
4. vomiting
5. tumor
6. suppuration
7. rales
8. inflammation
9. digestion
10. rash
11. sneeze
12. giddiness
13. chill
14. dyspnia
15. delirium
16. cramp
17. sharp pain
18. pail
19. pain
20. constipation
21. hemorrhage
22. attack
23. high temperature (fever)
24. abscess
25. shock
26. headache
27. cough

PHARMACY

1. tablet; a half a tablet; coated tablet

2. drops

3. ointment

4. to put the ointment on

5. tincture

6. decoction

7. drugs

8. solution

9. dust

10. mixture

11. suppository

12. composition

13. property

14. substances

15. usage

16. intramuscular

17. intravenous

18. anti – inflammatory

19. antifebrile

20. analgesic,

21. contraindication

22. dosage

23. use, application

24. accessory side

25. capsule

26. syrup

27. to shake the mixture before use

28. pharmacy

29. prescription

VISCERA

1. heart

2. lungs

3. tongue

4. pharynx

5. esophagus

6. stomach

7. liver

8. gall bladder

9. pancreas

10. duodenum

11. small (large) intestine

12. appendix

13. rectum

14. kidney

15. bladder

16. body

17. head

18. hair

19. face

20. cheek

21. eye

22. ear

23. mouth

24. tooth ( teeth)

25. arm

26. leg

27. hand

28. finger

29. toe

30. foot

31. forehead

32. nose

33. shoulder

34. chest

35. back

36. nerve

37. gum

38. brain

EQUIPMENT

1. thermometer; thermometer readings

2. temperature chart

3. compress

- hot

- cold

- dry

4. syringe

5. to give an injection

6. intradermal; intramuscular; intravenous injection

7. enema

8. heater

9. mustard plasters

10. rubber bedpan

11. ice – bag

12. dropping bottle

13. cups

14. cotton wool

15. bandage

16. pad

17. forceps

18. emplastrum

19. stretcher

20. scissors

21. wheel chair

22. feeding cup

23. out – patient; in – patient

24. hospital treatment

25. medical treatment

26. surgical treatment

STOMATOLOGY

1. to fill a tooth

2. mouth cavity

3. jaw, lower jaw, upper jaw

4. gum

5. dental caries

6. wisdom tooth

7. toothache

8. permanent teeth

9. first teeth

10. to extract / to pull out of a tooth

11. temporary filling

12. permanent filling

13. occlusion

14. to correct of occlusion

15. disturbance of occlusion

16. to make prothesis for the teeth

17. to prevent of dental caries

18. a decayed tooth

19. a probe

20. a dental mirror

21. dental forceps

22. to rinse

23. to spit out

STAFF

1. general practitioner

2. district doctor

3. physician

4. driggist

5. nurse

6. ward nurse

7. night nurse

8. day nurse

9. health inspector

10. midwife

11. dermatologist

12. dentist

13. neurologist

14. psychiatrist

15. ophthalmologist

16. oncologist

17. pharmaceutics

18. surgeon

MEDICAL DEPARTMENTS

1. polyclinic

2. ophthalmatic hospital

3. children’s hospital

4. dispensary

5. women clinic

6. isolation hospital

7. health resort

8. prophylactic institutions

9. mental hospital

10. maternity home

11. sanatorium

12. admission department

13. ambulance

14. ward

15. theater

MEMORY WORK

If you have a headache, cough, fever, stomachache, sorethrout you call for a district doctor. The doctor comes, asks you to strip to the

waste ,examines you, feels your pulse, sounds your chest, gives an injection and prescribes a medicine.

If you follow doctor’s instructions you will recover without any complication. If you disobey doctor’s directions you may get complete recovery or die.

· ACTIVE VOCABULARY

Read and learn the following words:

defineопределить

compound соединение; смесь, состав

carbon углерод

slightly слегка, немного, едва

distinguish различать, отличать

attach относить

convenient удобный

available доступный

solution решение

affect оказывать влияние, воздействовать

surveyобозревать; обзор

determination определение

weightвес

attract привлекать

acceptпринимать

substance вещество, суть

provide обеспечивать

strength сила

exciting возбуждающий, волнующий

· Read and translate the text

TEXT

PROGRESS OF CHEMISTRY

We shall define chemistry today as the study of formation, composition, structure and reactions of the chemical elements and their compounds. Many will say that this is not the definition of chemistry but inorganic chemistry.

A modern chemist slightly distinguishes between inorganic, organic and physical chemistry. He will attach organic groups to a metal atom if it is more convenient for investigation; he will use any of the available methods of physical chemistry if necessary for the solution of his problems.

Two facts helped the development of inorganic chemistry: the growth of the theoretical techniques of quantum mechanics and new optical, electrical and magnetic techniques of physical measurement by which they can be investigated. For a full understanding of the way in which these achievements affected the development of organic chemistry, we’ll make a short survey of the history of the subject.

We shall start with 1828, the year in which Wohler, the pioneer of organic synthesis, showed the interrelationship between inorganic and organic chemistry. For the next fifty years inorganic and organic chemistry progressed side by side. The main work in inorganic chemistry dealt with the preparation of new compounds and the development of methods of analysis. Great numbers of new compounds were described and important work was carried out on the determination of atomic weights. At the same time organic chemistry developed into a system in which structure could be determined. Organic chemistry constantly attracted workers of inorganic chemistry. The year 1887 may be accepted as the date of appearance of physical chemistry.

People say that facts give a science its substance, but it is the theory which provides its strength. It is owing to the development of the theory that chemistry has before it such exciting prospects at the present time.

NOTES

1. slightly- почти не

2. physical measurement – физические измерения

3. short survey – краткий обзор

4. side by side – рядом, рука об руку

5. deal with – иметь дело с

6. it is owing to - именно благодаря…

· EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Find in the text English equivalents for these words and word combinations:

1. многие скажут 2. определение химии 3. более удобно 4. доступные методы 5. решение проблем 6. квантовая механика 7. полное понимание 8. краткий обзор 9. взаимоотношения 10. рука об руку 11. большое количество 12. определение атомного веса 13. в то же самое время 14. именно теория.

Exercise 2. Quote the sentences in which the following words and word combinations are used in the text:

To define, modern chemist, the solution of the problem, to affect the development, to show the interrelationship, to deal with, to carry out, to develop into a system, to attract workers, it is owing to

Exercise 3. Compose sentences, using the following words and wordcombinations:

To define, the definition of, to distinguish between, to be more convenient, the growth of, to make a short survey, to deal with, to describe, at the same time, to provide

Exercise 4. Finish the sentences:

1. Chemistry today is…
2. A modern scientist slightly distinguishes between…
3. Two facts helped to…
4. In 1828 Wohler showed…
5. Inorganic and organic chemistry progressed…
6. The year 1887 is the date of…
7. The facts give a science…
8. The theory provides …

Exercise 5. Answer the questions:

1. What is the chemistry?
2. What will many say about this definition?
3. What are the main branches of chemistry today?
4. What facts helped the development of inorganic chemistry?
5. What did Wohler show in 1828?
6. How did organic and inorganic chemistry appear?
7. What work was carried out?
8. When did physical chemistry appear?
9. What system did organic chemistry develop?
10. What do people say about facts and the theory?
11. What prospects does chemistry have at the present time?

Exercise 6. Translate into English:

1. Краткий обзор истории данного предмета помогает определить его состояние сегодня.
2. На протяжении последующих ста лет было открыто большое число новых элементов.
3. Благодаря развитию теории мы можем говорить о прогрессе науки в целом.
4. Органическая химия постоянно привлекает внимание многих выдающихся ученых.
5. Если необходимо, то я помогу тебе в решении этой проблемы.
6. Мы начнем сначала, если вы не возражаете.

Exercise 7. Present Progressive or Present Simple.

1. I (read) an English textbook.
2. Usually my friend (read) a lot.
3. What you (do) tonight?
4. What you usually (do) at the weekend?
5. Is mother in the kitchen? – Yes, she is. She (cook) something. She always (cook) at that time.
6. Our teacher (speak) two foreign languages.
7. Hello. This is Brown speaking. – Sorry, I do not hear you well. Who (speak)?
8. What they (do)? – They are going to the lecture. Professor M. (deliver) a course of lectures on chemistry and the students always (listen) to his lectures with pleasure.

· ACTIVE VOCABULARY

Read and learn the following words:

mind ум

point точка

consciousосознающий, находящийся в сознании

attempt пытаться

cure лечить

ailmentнедомогание, нездоровье, болезнь

allay избавиться

restore восстанавливать

gather собирать

inspiration вдохновение

revealпроявляться

unitединица

cellклетка

surroundокружать

fashion образ действия; мода

· Read and translate the text

TEXT

SCIENCE

Biology is the study of living organisms and as soon as man`s mind developed to the point where it was conscious of itself as an object from the unmoving and unfeeling ground upon which he was standing, a form of biology began. For uncounted centuries biology was not in the form we would recognize as a science. Men were attempting to cure themselves and others of ailments, were trying to ally pain and restore health.

Again, man was observing the living machinery of the animal organism. He was gathering information for years. The best minds, however, devoted themselves not to the study of the visible world, but to the attempts to reach, through inspiration, understanding of the endless universe and controlling the world beyond.

But individual man must concentrate on the study of the world as it is revealed through the senses, on the study of the fundamental units of every living thing (animal or plant) such as the cell, for example. So the aim of biology was to present the surrounding world in a logical fashion and to give fundamental understanding of its ever standing, ever changing units and man himself.

NOTES

1. as soon as – как только

2. to be conscious of oneself – осознавать себя

3. to cure themselves and others of – лучить себя и других от…

4. to devote oneself – посвятить себя

5. through inspiration – интуитивно

6. in a logical fashion - логическим образом

· EXERCISES