II. Define the similarities and differences of these forms

X seems to 1, X appears to have been 2ed, X says to 3, X proved to 4, Xs were expected to 5, Xs are believed to have been 6ed, X is likely to be 7ing, Xs are likely to 8, X is reported to be 9ing, X is said to 10, X is reported to be 11ed, Xs seem to 12, X reports to 13, Xs know 14ing, X is reported to 15.

III. Give the Russian equivalents of the following parts of sentences. Pay attention to the form of the infinitive in the active/passive voice.

They are said to fix, she seems to explain, the computer seems to be used, the results are thought to be, the report proved to be,he is said to be testing, the scientist is known to be, his decision seemed to be right, the bug turned out to have been fixed.

IV. Define the similarities and differences of the forms in bold.

1. The results of the software testingproved to be right. 2. The theory was provedyears after by another scientist. 3. This solution appears to be optimal in the given circumstances. 4. The delegation appeared at the doorway as soon as the conference began. 5. The team seems to have received a positive feedback from the software consultant. 6. After having completed the task successfully, the software developers seemed to be content with the results. 7. The beta-testing is supposed to be conducted by the selected candidates. 8. «I suppose we can continue fulfilling the targeted aims after the chip’s development is completed», said the professor. 9. They participated in the medical technologies conference where they happened to initiate a fruitful partnership. 10. The worldwide introduction of the new chip happened very rapidly.

V. Find the sentences with Complex Subject. Define the sequence of their translation.

1. The research proved to be a success and contributed to further discoveries in the area. 2. It is expected that the experiment will be over as soon as the defined goals are achieved. 3. The new IT invention is considered to be applied in some days. 4. He is considered to be the best candidate to the post. 5. They appear to participate in the experiment aimed at the verification of the previously obtained results. 6. They happened to experience certain difficulties in work. 7. This book is sure to be in demand among the target scientific audience. 8. The conference was reported to take place in July this year. 9. The test is supposed to be the final one in the research conducted by the University group. 10. The plant appeared to increase the production of TV-sets. 11. The chip’s architecture is said to be highly parallel.

VI. Compare the form and meaning of the infinitives. Give the Russian equivalents of the following sentences.

1. They seem to have been given a positive feedback on their project research design. 2. They appear to have been discussing the issues since 2 o’clock. 3. The team was expected to complete the task by the end of the quarter. 4. He is said to have worked at this laboratory. 5. The output proved to have increased. 6. The output is likely to increase and contribute to the project overall efficiency. 7. He is said to be testing a new device. 8. He is said to have tested a new device for electronic industry. 9. He is reported to have grown a new type of crystal. 10. He is reported to be growing a new type of crystal.

VII. Give the Russian equivalents of the following sentences.

1. The delegation is informed to have already arrived. 2. The experiment is said to have been conducted. 3. The answer is unlikely to please you. 4. The invention is believed to dramatically change the role of the traditional newscaster. 5. The number of mobile connections in Europe is believed to reach 90 million. 6. The new manufacturing technique is said to require chipmakers. 7. The technique’s success turns out to be costly. 8. A new chip is considered to render complex graphics in real time. 9. He seems to be soldering now. 10. For the last few decades the research area seems to have been studied thoroughly.