B) somebody, anybody, nobody

1.I saw __ I knew at the lecture. 2. I dare say that there may be __ at the lecture that I know, but what does that matter? 3. Do you really think that __ visits this place? 4. I have never seen __ lace their boots like that.

C) somewhere, anywhere, nowhere.

1.1 haven't seen him __ . 2. I know the place is __ about here, but exactly where, I don't know. 3. Did you go __ yesterday? - No, I went __ , I stayed at home the whole day.

Задание 11. Прочитайте текст.

The secret to a long and happy life… being lazy!

Joggers who get up early and run through the park, executives who try to work off stress with a game of squash, and people who do bodybuilding may all be shortening their lives. According to Peter Axt, a German researcher and ex-marathon runner, laziness is good for you.

'No top sportsman,' says Axt, 'has lived to a very advanced age.' Among the examples of athletes who have died young, he mentions Jim Fixx, the author of The Complete Book of Running, and the man who almost single-handedly launched the American fitness revolution. He died at the age of 52. As Axt says, 'Better not to start'.

With his daughter Michaela, a doctor, he has written a book called The Joy of Laziness. It says that there are three keys to long life: to play less sport, to reduce stress, and to eat less food. He gives the example of an Italian village with an unusually high number of centenarians which seems to owe its communal good health to following the Axt principles. No one runs, siestas stretch through the afternoon from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m., and the main activity seems to be sitting in the shade or gossiping.

The Axt’s ideas are based on research which argues that animals have only a limited amount of energy. Those who use up energy quickly live for a shorter time than those who conserve energy. So an executive who wants to compensate for a stressful day by going to the gym is in fact multiplying his problems.

However, Peter Axt believes that light exercise is beneficial. 'I jog gently for 20 minutes three or four times a week,' he said, 'but I have no time for men over 50 who insist on running several kilometres a day.'

Задание 12. Подчеркните ударный слог в следующих словах, переведите их.

jogger / squash / shorten / marathon /

laziness / athlete / launch /centenarian /

gossip / conserve / multiply / beneficial

Задание 13. Заполните пропуски словами из списка.

Several; run; limited; work; eat; do; reduce; ex-marathon; lived; fitness

1. __________ through the park

2. __________ off stress

3. __________ bodybuilding

4. __________ runner

5. __________ to a very advanced age

6. __________ revolution

7. __________ stress

8. __________ less food

9. __________ amount of energy

10. _________ kilometers a day

Задание 14. Прочитайте предложения и напишите T(True) после верных и F(False) после неверных, NM(not mentioned), если в тексте не упомянута эта информация.

1. Peter Axt regularly runs marathons.

2. He says that people who do too much sport will probably die younger.

3. Jimm Fixx got Americans to do more sports.

4. The Joy of Laziness is a bestseller.

5. The book says that the only important thing to help you live longer is to do less sport.

6. In the Italian village people are very healthy but not very active.

7. The book’s ideas are based on 5 years’ research.

8. He thinks that if you’ve had a very tiring day at work then you shouldn’t do physical exercise.

9. Axt doesn’t have time to run several kilometers a day.

Задание 15. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What are the three keys to long life according to the Joy of Laziness?

Key number 1 –

Key number 2 –

Key number 3 –

2. Do you agree with these ‘keys to long life’?

3. What is the key to long life in your opinion?

Задание 16. Скажите, что вы делаете для поддержания своего здоровья (5 предложений)?

Образец:

I always eat healthy food.

I often …

I rarely …

I never…

I think it’s important to …

Задание 17. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Simple.

1. We (to travel) around Europe last year. 2. My father knows so much because he (to travel) a lot. 3. I (to see) Pete today, 4. She (to see) this film last Sunday. 5. Alex (to meet) his friend two hours ago. 6. I just (to meet) our teacher. 7. The children already (to decide) what to do with the books. 8. Yesterday they (to decide) to help their grandmother. 9. Helen speaks French so well because she (to live) in France. 10. She (to live) there last year.

Задание 18. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple, Past Continuous и Past Perfect.

1.By eight o'clock yesterday I (to do) my homework and at eight I (to play) the piano. 2. By six o'clock father (to come) home and at six he (to have) dinner. 3. By nine o'clock yesterday grandmother (to wash) the dishes and at nine she (to watch) TV. 4. When I (to meet) Tom, he (to eat) an ice-cream which he (to buy) at the corner of the street. 5. When I (to come) home, my sister (to read) a book which she (to bring) from the library. 6. When mother (to come) home, the children (to eat) the soup which she (to cook) in the morning. 7. When I (to ring) up Mike, he still (to learn) the poem which he (to begin) learning at school. 8. When I (to look) out of the window, the children (to play) with a ball which Pete (to bring) from home. 9. By ten o'clock the children (to settle) comfortably on the sofa and at ten they (to watch) a TV film. 10. When father (to come) home, we (to cook) the mushrooms which we (to gather) in the wood.

19. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present, Past, Future Simple; Present, Past Continuous; Present, Past Perfect.

1. Yesterday Nick (to say) that he (to read) much during his summer vacation. 2. At the age of twenty my father (to combine) work and study. 3. A great number of students (to study) in the reading-room when I (to enter) it last night. 4. The storm (to rage) the whole night, and the sailors (to try) to do their best to save the ship. 5. Mike's friends could hardly recognize him as he (to change) greatly after his expedition to the Antarctic. 6. When I (to enter) the hall, the students (to listen) to a very interesting lecture on history. 7. Hello! Where you (to go)? — Nowhere in particular. I just (to take) a walk. 8. Our students (to do) all kinds of exercises and now they (to be) sure that they (to know) this rule well. They (to hope) they (to make) no mistakes in the test-paper. 9. The expedition (to cover) hundreds of kilometers, but they still (to be) far from their destination. 10. You (to go) to Great Britain next year?

Задание 20. Прочитайте текст.

Culture shock

Good manners are always good manners. That's what Miranda Ingram, who is English, thought, until she married Alexander, who is Russian.

When I first met Alexander and he said to me, in Russian, 'Nalei mnye chai - pour me some tea', I got angry and answered, 'Pour it yourself. Translated into English, without a 'Could you...?' and a 'please', it sounded really rude to me. But in Russian it was fine - you don't have to add any polite words.

However, when I took Alexander home to meet my parents in the UK, I had to give him an intensive course in ‘pleases and thank yous’ (which he thought were completely unnecessary), and to teach him to say ‘sorry’ even if someone else stepped on his toe, and to smile, smile, smile.

Another thing that Alexander just couldn't understand was why people said things like, ‘Would you mind passing me the salt, please?’ He said, 'Ifs only the salt, for goodness sake! What do you say in English if you want a real favour?'

He also watched in amazement when, at a dinner party in England, we swallowed some really disgusting food and I said, 'Mmm...delicious'. In Russia, people are much more direct. The first time Alexander's mother came to our house for dinner in Moscow, she told me that my soup needed more flavouring. Afterwards when we argued about it my husband said, 'Do you prefer your dinner guests to lie?'

Alexander complained that in England he felt 'like the village idiot because in Russia if you smile all the time people think that you are mad. In fact, this is exactly what my husband's friends thought of me the first time I went to Russia because I smiled at everyone, and translated every 'please' and 'thank you' from English into Russian!

At home we now have an agreement. If we're speaking Russian, he can say 'Pour me some tea', and just make a noise like a grunt when I give it to him. But when we're speaking English, he has to add a 'please' a 'thank you', and a smile.

Задание 21. Отметьте буквой T те предложения, которые согласуются с текстом.

1. The English have very good manners.

2. The English and Russian idea of good manners is different.

3. The English are polite but insincere.

4. The Russians are very rude and unfriendly.

Задание 22. Прочитайте предложения и напишите T (True) напротив верных и F (False) напротив неверных.

1. Miranda got angry because her husband asked her to make the tea.

2. Miranda had to teach him to say sorry when something wasn’t his fault.

3. Miranda’s husband thinks English people are too polite.

4. Alexander wasn’t surprised when people said they liked the food at the dinner party.

5. The food was delicious.

6. Miranda didn’t mind when her mother-in-law criticized her cooking.

7. Alexander thought his mother was right.

8. In Russia it isn’t normal to smile all the time when you speak to someone.

9. His Russian friends thought Miranda was very friendly because she smiled a lot.

10. Alexander never says thank you for his tea he and Miranda are speaking in Russian.

Задание 23. Заполните пропуски глаголами из текста.

1. __________ on someone’s foot or toe (by accident)

2. __________ some wine into a glass or tea into a cup

3. __________ a noise, like a grunt

4. __________ food (so that it goes from your mouth to your stomach)

5. __________ a word from English into Russian

Задание 26. Прочитайте следующие ситуации. Напишите, как ведут себя люди в России в сходной ситуации.

Образец: In my country, we don’t kiss people when we meet them for the first time.

GOOD MANNERS? BAD MANNERS?

Greeting people

- kiss people on both cheeks when you meet them for the first time

- call older people by their first names

- use more formal language when speaking to an older person

In a restaurant

- let your children run around and be noisy

- be very affectionate to your partner

- talk on your mobile

Men and women – a man’s role

- pay for a woman on the first date

- wait for a woman to go through the door first

- make sure a woman gets home safely at night

Driving

- always spot at a pedestrian crossing

- hoot at someone who’s driving slowly

- drive with your window down and your music playing

Visiting people

- take a present if you are invited to dinner at someone’s house

- arrive more than 10 minutes late for a lunch or dinner

- smoke in a house where the owners don’t smoke

Задание 27. Вставьте модальные глаголы may или can.

1. I __ finish the work tomorrow if no one bothers me any more. 2. __ we come and see you next Sunday at three o'clock in the afternoon? 3. What time is it? — It __ be about six o'clock, but I am not sure. 4. Only a person who knows the language very well __ answer such a question. 5. __ I come in? 6. Let me look at your exercises. I __ be able to help you. 7. I __ not swim, because until this year the doctor did not allow me to be more than two minutes in the water. But this year he says I __ stay in for fifteen minutes if I like, so I am going to learn to swim. 8. Libraries are quite free, and any one who likes __ get books there. 9. I __ come and see you tomorrow if I have time. 10. Take your raincoat with you: it __ rain today.

Задание 28. Вставьте модальные глаголы to have to или to be to.

1. She __ to send a telegram because it was too late to send a letter. 2. They decided that she __ to send them a telegram every tenth day. 3. You __ to learn all the new words for the next lesson. 4. Do you know this man? He __ to be our new teacher of history. 5. Who __ to go to the library to get the new books? — I was, but I couldn't because I __ to finish some work at the phonetic laboratory. 6. It is raining. You __ to put on your raincoat. 7. "The patient __ to stay in bed for a few days," ordered the doctor. 8. The child had stomach trouble and __ to take castor oil. 9. I told her she __ to open the window for a while every day. 10. The agreement was that if Johnny White could not repay the money he had borrowed, then Luke Flint __ to have the right to sell the land.

Вариант 3

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите весь текст письменно.

What do the stars eat?

Film stars are everyone's favourite subject. People love to talk about what they're wearing, who they're dating, and how much money they make. But have you ever wondered about what they eat?

Chefs and caterers on film sets have the answers. "Every actor has different eating habits," says chef John Sharp. "Some stars love meat, while others are strict vegetarians who don't eat meat, eggs, or fish. Some stars love junk food, while others are constantly on a diet and eat only healthy foods."

Ninety-nine per cent of the time, actresses are on a diet and insist on eating only low-fat foods. During the filming of Now and Then, Demi Moore ate nothing but Basmati rice, steamed baby spinach, green beans with lemon, and turkey sandwiches on whole meal bread. During the filming of Twister, Helen Hunt only ate low-calorie foods, including p6ached eggs, dry toast, and steamed brown rice with vegetables.

Other stars love to eat junk food, and never count calories during their meals. Eddie Murphy's favourite food is Kentucky Fried Chicken. Whoopi Goldberg doesn't worry about how healthy her diet is, and loves fatty bacon sandwiches with lettuce, mayonnaise and lots of butter.

One thing for sure is that cooking for the stars is never easy, because they are often fussy eaters. "They want food fixed exactly the way they like it and always have something to complain about," says caterer Susan Tate. Bill Murray won't eat watermelon with seeds in it, and Mickey Rourke insists on freshly-squeezed carrot juice twice a day, but he won't drink it if it sits for more than six minutes.

Cooking for the stars is hard work, but few of these caterers ever think about changing jobs. "I love my work," says Susan Tate. "Where else can I see what Michelle Pfeiffer eats for breakfast or what Al Pacino has for a snack?"

Задание 2. Выберите верные ответы.

1.Vegetarians don’t eat …

a. junk food.

b. vegetables.

c. meat/

d. healthy foods.

2. Most actresses don’t eat …

a. law-fat foods.

b. sandwiches.

c. fatty foods.

d. steamed vegetables.

3. Who likes junk food?