Pretended – certified – confirmed – existent – factual – authentic – reliable – undoubted – real – positive - genuine
8. adjust – regulate – adapt – conform – classify – violate – suit – arrange – settle – accommodate
9. prestige – prominence – predominance – command – despotism – mastership – mastery – prerogative – subordination – superiority
II. Для каждого фразеологического глагола или идиомы подберите соответствующий перевод.
| 10. catch out | a) выяснить, узнать мнение; разглашать |
| 11. put one’s finger on | b) изменить отношение, стать враждебным |
| 12. bring up | c) накопившаяся, незавершённая работа |
| 13. set about | d) поймать на ошибке, застать врасплох |
| 14. turn against | e) начинать, приступать к чему-либо |
| 15. step up | f) разобраться, понять |
| 16. break the back | g) противопоставлять |
| 17. keep to the point | h) поднять вопрос, вынести на обсуждение |
| 18. sound out | i) придерживаться темы |
| 19. catch sight of | j) растолковывать, разъяснять |
| 20. have a foothold in | k) приходить, появляться |
| 21. at one time | l) выяснить причину неудачи |
| 22. backlog | m) утвердиться, закрепиться |
| 23. get back on one’s feet | n) некогда (когда-то) |
| 24. make out | o) закончить сложную часть работы |
| 25. turn up | p) заметить |
| 26. spell out | q) восстановиться |
| 27. set against | r) увеличить, продвигать |
III. Выберите правильную форму причастия:
The wrong decision the company experienced economic difficulties.
a) Making b) Made c) Having made
29. The company was trying to go through the rough period ______ workers.
a) being dismissed b) dismissing c) having been dismissed
30. The contract _______ by the employees linked the pay increase to productivity.
a) signed b) having been signed c) signing
31. ______ the ideas of the global marketing strategy the members of the marketing department came up with some important decisions.
a) Having been brainstormed
b) Having brainstormed
c) Being brainstormed
32. ______ the competition from its overseas rivals the company had to close down.
a) Not being withstood b) Not having withstood c) Not withstood
IV. Выберите правильную форму (герундий или инфинитив):
33. The company meant to increase / increasing profitability by minimizing the cost of production.
34. The CEO considered the problem of selling illegal copies by the suppliers and then went on to speak / speaking about the stock control problem.
35. The president of the company regrets to invest / investinga lot of funds in the impracticable project.
36. Remember writing / to write a provisional date in your diary.
37. When the company failed to capitalize on the results of research, they tried attracting / to attract outside investors.
38. I regret informing / to inform you that the model you want is out of stock.
V. Выберите правильный вариант, обращая внимание на подчеркнутое слово:
39. We can’t _______ considering the environmental issue any longer.
| a) let | b) afford | c) postpone | d) fail |
40. The company _______ to launch a global campaign focusing first on South America.
| a) regretting | b) suggests | c) would like | d) considering |
41. Intense competition ______ the company to consider new ways of generating business.
| a) forced | b) made | c) had | d) suggested |
VI. Выберите наиболее подходящий перевод следующих предложений (причастные и инфинитивные обороты):
42. Due to inflation real earnings per share increase very little, nominal earnings increasing significantly.
a) … потому что номинальные доходы значительно возросли.
b) … тогда как номинальные доходы значительно возрастают.
c) … значительно возрастающие номинальные доходы.
43. Knowing exactly what activity will give them the most satisfaction, practical economists make their choices.
a) Точно зная, какой род деятельности принесет им наибольшее удовлетворение…
b) Знающие точно, какой род деятельности принесет им наибольшее удовлетворение…
c) Четкие знания о том, какой род деятельности принесет им наибольшее удовлетворение…
44. The information to be evaluated was obtained through an informal poll.
a) Оцениваемая информация…
b) Информация, которую нужно оценить…
с) Оцененная информация…
45. Another issue to consider is the absence of necessary facilities for launching a new product.
a) Еще один аспект, который нужно рассмотреть…
b) Чтобы рассмотреть еще один аспект…
с) Рассмотрен еще один аспект…
TEST 11
I. a) Прочитайте статью и решите, являются ли утверждения правильными или неправильными (T-true or F-false).
There was a claim a few years ago that quality is free - higher quality always leads to higher profits. It only requires a second's thought to see that this claim is quite absurd. Harrods makes less profit than Wal-Mart, the Savoy Hotel was not as good an investment as Forte Travelodges, and Anita Brookner earns less from her novels than Jeffrey Archer. Not many people need, or will pay for, the level of quality which Harrods, the Savoy and Anita Brookner provide.
I expect that several management consultants have already switched on their computers to communicate with the editor of this newspaper. They will write that I have completely misunderstood what is meant by quality. Other people would say that the Waterside Inn at Bray provides better quality meals than McDonald's. That is how the Michelin restaurant guide judges quality when it gives three stars to the Waterside Inn and does not list McDonald's at all. It is also what ordinary people mean by quality, and is why your partner will be happier if you celebrate your wedding anniversary at the Waterside than at McDonald's.
But that ordinary meaning of quality is not what business consultants mean by quality. What they mean is quality relative to customer expectations, or quality relative to what you set out to achieve. By these standards, McDonald's quality is outstanding, and that is why McDonald's is such a successful company. There is a sense in which this is right. But because there is no observation which could ever disprove this claim, it gives you no practical help.
So does the pursuit of quality mean these firms should change what they do? Should McDonald's offer duck à l'orange, or the Waterside Inn offer even more delicious food at even higher prices? I don't know and nor does anyone. And the instruction to pursue quality creates confusion among simple people who thought that quality meant what it usually means. It had precisely that effect at British Home Stores, which thought it had to move upmarket, only to discover that Marks and Spencer customers were happy at M&S and British Home Stores customers didn't want to pay the extra.
1. The Michelin restaurant guide is based on the “ordinary” definition of quality.
2. Ordinary people would probably give the “ordinary” definition of quality.
3. Your partner would probably give the “ordinary” definition of quality.
4. The business consultants’ definition of quality is wrong.
5. The business consultants’ definition can be proved.
6. The writer doesn’t know if the pursuit of quality means that businesses should change what they do.
b) В каждой цепочке слов найдите одно противоположное по смыслу слово:
7. doubtful-obvious-evident-plain-visible-presumable-apparent-seeming-manifest-probable-likely
8. declare-state-publish-announce-notify-signify-specify-disclose-circulate-proclaim-conceal
9. indebtedness-obligation-destruction-downfall-loss-gain-waste-harm-damage-overthrow-bankruptcy