| Ex. 12 | |
| A 1. entrepreneur 2. phenomenal 3. to slump 4. cumbersome 5. a buying spree 6. fatal 7. a commodity 8. a household name | B a) very unusual and impressive b) to go down suddenly c) a short intensive period of buying d) having a very serious effect e) a product that can be sold f) a very famous person g) someone who starts a company, arranges business deals and takes risks in order to make a profit h) a process or system that is slow and difficult, or equipment that is heavy |
| Ex. 13 | |
| A 1. to launch 2. distributing 3. prolific 4. an inventory 5. to embark on 6. a swansong 7. to stagnate 8. to soar | B a) producing a lot b) to sell a product for the first time c) the stock a company has at a particular time d) selling a product made by someone else e) to start f) to stop changing g) to go up quickly h) a person’s last piece of work |
| Ex. 14 | |
| A 1. a high 2. to flop 3. back-office 4. reorganizing 5. bilingual 6. feasibility 7. premises 8. manufacturing | B a) restructuring b) making a product in a factory c) the maximum point reached d) to be unsuccessful e) administrative f) speaking two languages g) the building and land that a company uses h) a plan, idea or method that is possible and is likely to work |
| Ex. 15 | |
| A 1. inevitable 2. prerequisite 3. a merger 4. clashes 5. an ego 6. acquisition 7. imperatives 8. to relinquish | B a) to let smb else take b) unavoidable c) the act of joining together two or more companies to form a larger one d) a person’s opinion about himself e) requirement f) strong differences of opinion g) urgent demands h) one company accumulates enough of another company’s shares to take over control and ownership |
| Ex. 16 | |
| A 1. peers 2. bust-up 3. agenda 4. the minutes 5. a chairperson 6. alliance 7. campaign 8. to differentiate | B a) a clear summary of the important points that were discussed at the meeting b) a list of items to be discussed c) a person who manages and controls the meeting d) people who hold similar positions e) a series of actions intended to achieve a particular result f) a strong quarrel and the end of relationships g) an arrangement between two or more companies to work together h) to show how products are different |
| Ex. 17 | |
| A 1. hassle 2. to monitor 3. an initiative 4. a profile 5. focus group 6. an audience 7. a mission 8. to determine | B a) to check at regular intervals b) problems c) to find out, to discover d) a description of the characteristics of smb or smth e) a group of interested people f) an assignment or task g) an informal discussion group used for market research h) an important new plan with a particular aim |
| Ex. 18 | |
| A 1. cutting edge 2. a segment 3. to exceed 4. common thread 5. deadline 6. participant 7. casualties 8. questionnaire | B a) losses b) a written set of questions given to a larger number of people to collect information c) the most advanced and up-to-date d) a shared characteristic e) a part or section f) to be more than g) a date or time by which you have to do or complete smth h) someone who is taking part in an activity or event |
| Ex. 19 | |
| A 1. to advertise 2. exposed 3. brand image 4. to garner 5. outrageous 6. acumen 7. to sue 8. a counterpart | B a) a picture that a company wants to present to the public b) to collect c) very shocking d) the ability to make good judgments e) a colleague in a different place f) to tell people publicly about a product or service in order to persuade them to buy g) to claim money because you have been harmed h) not protected |
| Ex. 20 | |
| A 1. publicity 2. media 3. billboard 4. clients 5. taboo 6. social issues 7. foremost 8. reparation | B a) television, radio, newspapers, magazines, etc. b) human interest subjects c) people or companies who pay for a professional service d) payment made for damage, loss or injury e) a public space reserved for advertisers to put their ads on f) the business of making sure that people know about a new product, service, film, etc. g) a social custom which means a particular activity or subject must be avoided h) the most important and respected person, company etc. |
| Ex. 21 | |
| A 1. coverage 2. posters 3. ubiquity 4. a lobby 5. perks 6. autocratic 7. to syndicate 8. a subscriber | B a) large pictures or notices put up in a public place to advertise smth b) time and space given by the media to a particular news item c) to sell to other media d) seeming to be everywhere e) giving orders without asking others’ opinion f) something that you get from your work in addition to your wages (goods, meals or a car) g) a person who pays money regularly for a service h) a large entrance hall in a public building |
| Ex. 22 | |
| A 1. depreciation 2. state-of-the-art 3. core business 4. a concept 5. backing 6. a holding 7. logistics 8. bulletin | B a) support b) a company whose purpose is to control another company through owning shares in it c) the study or skill of moving goods d) the fall in the value of smth as it becomes older e) newest or most sophisticated f) a news report on radio, television or in press g) central activities of a company h) an idea or a thought |
| Ex. 23 | |
| A 1. consortium 2. welfare benefits 3. infrastructure 4. counterfeiter 5. merchandise 6. copyright abuse 7. distinctive 8. to rip off | B a) having a special quality, character, or appearance that is different and easy to recognize b) a person who copies goods in order to trick people c) a group of companies in similar business working together d) basic facilities and services of a country (water, power, roads) e) to sell illegal copies of a brand as if they are the real thing f) goods for sale g) to copy someone else’s work, for example their designs, without permission h) money paid by the government to people in need |
| Ex. 24 | |
| A 1. logo 2. fake 3. diversion 4. cancellation 5. global offensive 6. voucher 7. destination 8. accommodation | B a) a different road for traffic to travel b) the symbol of a company c) taking strong actions all over the world d) a kind of ticket that can be used instead of money e) a decision or statement that a planned flight will not happen f) a copy of a valuable object that is intended to deceive people g) the place that someone is going to h) a place for someone to stay or live |
| Ex. 25 | |
| A 1. aisle 2. hoardings 3. endorsement 4. jingles 5. to promote 6. commercials 7. to publicise 8. slogan | B a) a long passage between rows of seats b) radio or television broadcasts that are produced by companies that earn money through advertising c) to give information about smth to the public d) a short easily-remembered phrase e) to help smth to develop and be successful f) short songs used in advertising g) the approval in the advertisement that you use a particular product h) billboards |
| Ex. 26 | |
| A 1. inspiring 2. segments 3. TV slot 4. astute 5. absentee 6. dumping 7. to subsidize 8. laisser-faire | B a) a place in a television schedule b) parts of a larger market or category of customers c) getting rid of goods by selling them at a much lower price d) able to understand situations very well and very quickly so that you can get advantage for yourself e) the principle of allowing private businesses to develop without any state control f) giving people energy, a feeling of excitement, and a desire to do smth great g) someone who should be in a place but is not there h) to pay part of the cost of smth |
Section III. VOCABULARY 2.
PHRASAL VERBS
| sort out | to resolve (отбирать, разбирать, решать проблему) |
| spell out | to say in a clear detailed way (растолковывать, разъяснять) |
| sell out | to sell everything you possess (распродать) |
| make out | 1) to write a cheque (выписать чек) 2) to manage, to survive (выжить, устоять, удержаться в данной ситуации) 3) to manage to see smb or smth, or read or hear smth (различить, расслышать, разглядеть, разобрать) |
| bring out | to put on a market (выпускать продукцию на рынок) |
| buy out | to buy someone’s shares of a business that you previously owned together so that you have complete control (выкупать вою долю в компании) |
| sound out | to talk to someone in order to find out what they think about a plan or idea (узнать мнение, называть, оглашать) |
| carry out | to do smth that needs to be organized and planned, to conduct, to hold (проводить исследования, совещания и т.д., осуществлять) |
| turn out | to produce or make smth (производить) |
| pull out | to get out of a bad situation or a dangerous place (уходить, покидать, например, рынок; отказываться от участия) |
| point out | to direct attention to smth (привлечь внимание, указать на ошибку и т.д.) |
| have out | to clarify the situation (прояснить ситуацию, разобраться) |
| hold out | to continue to be sufficient, to last (выстаивать, выдерживать) |
| stand out | to be easily seen, to be noticeable (быть заметным, выделяться) |
| cut out | 1) to stop doing smth (прекратить делать что-либо) 2) to be cut out (for) – to have qualities and abilities needed for smth (подходить, соответствовать чему-либо) |
| set up | to establish a business or an organization (основать компанию и т.д.) |
| set back | to put back or delay the development of smth (откладывать, задерживать развитие чего-либо) |
| set about | to start to do or deal with smth (начать, предпринять что-либо) |
| set in | to start and probably continue (устанавливаться на какой-то период времени) |
| set out | to begin an undertaking of some kind, e.g. a journey (отправляться) |
| set against | to balance against (противопоставлять, противостоять) |
| set aside | to keep for a special purpose (откладывать, хранить деньги) |
| set down | to write, to make a record of (записывать) |
| put down to | to explain the reason for smth (приписывать, например, ошибки кого-либо за счет чего-либо) |
| put forward | to suggest, propose an idea or scheme (предлагать, выдвигать) |
| put across | to explain or communicate clearly (объяснять, общаться понятно, ясно) |
| put back | to move to a later date (переносить на более поздний срок) |
| put off | to postpone or delay (отменять или задерживать) |
| put on to | to give someone information about (посоветовать, порекомендовать) |
| put through | to connect by phone (соединять по телефону) |
| put up | to invest, provide money for (вложить деньги) |
| put out | 1) put someone out – to inconvenience him or her (ставить в неудобное положение) 2) put oneself out – to make a special effort (приложить особые усилия) |
| put up with | to tolerate, endure (терпеть, мириться) |
| put one’s finger on | to find the cause of the trouble (найти причину неудач, разобраться) |
| put one’s foot in | to say the wrong thing or make an awkward mistake (ошибиться) |
| put paid to | to destroy ruin completely (разрушить планы, шансы) |
| put in a good word for | to recommend someone (замолвить слово за кого-нибудь) |
| weigh up | to consider, bear in mind (рассмотреть, взвесить) |
| bring up | to mention or introduce a subject for attention (поднять вопрос на обсуждение) |
| draw up | to make or write smth that requires careful thought or planning to prepare a document (разработать документ) |
| take up | 1) to start doing smth for pleasure (начать делать что-то для удовольствия) 2) to start or begin smth, especially a job (приступить к новой работе) 3) to continue smth that has been interrupted, not mentioned for some time or not finished by somebody else (вернуться к тому, что не было завершено) |
| step up | to increase (увеличивать, продвигать) |
| pick up | to become better, to improve (улучшить) |
| break into | to become involved in a new business activity (прорываться на новые рынки) |
| work out | to think carefully about how you are going to do smth and plan a good way of doing it (обдумать, просчитать, разработать) |
| catch sight of | to notice suddenly (внезапно заметить) |
| catch on | to become popular or fashionable (стать модным, популярным) |
| catch out | to trap someone in an error, to show someone to be at fault, find someone unprepared (застать врасплох, уличить, поймать на ошибке) |
| catch up with | to draw level with (догнать) |
| catch one’s eye | to attract attention (привлечь внимание) |
| catch fire | to start to burn (загореться) |
| become caught up in | to become involved in (оказаться вовлеченным) |
| bring about | to cause to happen (вызывать, побуждать) |
| bring round to | to persuade someone to change his opinion (переубедить) |
| bring down | to reduce (a price) (снижать) |
| come to/ get to/ reach the point | to give the important part of what one is trying to say (выразить основную идею, дойти до сути чего-либо) |
| keep to the point | to limit oneself to what is relevant to the subject being discussed (придерживаться сути разговора) |
| get away/ off the point | to say smth irrelevant (отклоняться от сути) |
| make a point | to express your opinion, offer an argument (выразить свое мнение) |
| make a point of | to make a special effort to (проявить инициативу) |
| put your back into it | to work very hard (usually physical work) (выполнять тяжелую работу) |
| back out | to withdraw from an agreement, a contract etc. (отказаться, отстраниться, отступить) |
| back down | to admit that you are wrong (признать ошибку) |
| back up | to support someone (in a discussion or an argument) (поддержать) |
| break the back of | to finish the most difficult, main part of the job/ task (закончить сложную часть работы) |
| turn up | to arrive, to appear (приходить, появляться) |
| turn over | to do business or sell goods worth a certain amount (совершать товарооборот) |
| turn round | to make a business profitable again after it has had losses (возродить прибыльность компании) |
| turn against | to change one’s attitude and become hostile (изменить отношение и стать враждебным) |
| take turns | to do smth in an agreed order (делать по очереди) |
