Seminar 3. Immediate and mediate syllogisms.
МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ
Горлівський державний педагогічний
Інститут іноземних мов
С.П. БАЛІНЧЕНКО
ЛОГІКА
Збірник завдань та вправ
Англійською мовою
LOGIC
Tasks and Exercises
Затверджено на засіданні кафедри філософії та політології
Горлівського державного педагогічного інституту іноземних мов
(протокол № 3 від 03.11.2010)
Горлівка „ГДПІІМ” 2011
ББК Ю 87.4
УДК 161
Л69
Логіка [Збірник завдань та вправ англійською мовою]/ Укладач С.П. Балінченко. – Горлівка : ГДПІІМ, 2011. – 37 с.
Збірник завдань та вправ англійською мовою є складовою частиною методичного комплексу до викладання логіки в експериментальних групах. Посібник містить класичні задачі та фрагменти автентичних художніх творів англійською мовою і є розрахованим на філологічний профіль вищого навчального закладу. Збірник можна використовувати під час підготовки до семінарів і контрольних робіт з логіки за кредитно-модульною системою, а також під час вивчення низки дисциплін філологічного профілю.
ББК Ю 87.4
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 4
SEMINARS ON LOGIC 5
CONCEPT 6
Tasks and Exercises 6
Final Test 7
PROPOSITION 9
Tasks and Exercises 9
Final Test 11
SYLLOGISM 14
Tasks and Exercises 14
Final Test 17
LAWS AND ARGUMENTATION 19
Tasks and Exercises 19
Final Test 30
FURTHER READING 32
WEB RESOURSES 34
BASIC NOTIONS (in English, Ukrainian and Russian) 35
INTRODUCTION
Hermeneutical revolution, initiated by Ludwig Wittgenstein at the beginning of the twentieth century, made logic and linguistics inseparable both cognitively and methodologically. Living in the tidal line of this correlation, modern linguists should be able to operate with logic notions and means while realizing comparative study and investigation of language elements and structures. Notions of concept, proposition and syllogism should become the organic part of the cognitive world of philologists and teachers-to-be as it enables understanding of basic universal laws and models of thought.
These are the main reasons that make up the fundamentals of the course in logic. To show the laws and models being applied to the language units and structures, the tasks and exercises contain the abstracts from the authentic texts by English writers and scientists. The succession of four topics for discussion involves the variety of means and forms of traditional and symbolic logic: Concept, Proposition, Syllogism, Laws and Argumentation. This also provides the necessary links between logical and linguistic notions, like “concept - name”, “proposition - sentence” and “syllogism - discourse”.
In accordance with the modern European educational tendencies, the guide is mainly aimed at self-teaching and self-assessment. Self-teaching is supported via suggested further reading and web resources with authentic coursebooks and tests online. The final tests at the end of each chapter allow students to summarize the knowledge and to evaluate the efficiency in the main logical operations within the topic.
The guide can be used while getting ready for the seminars and tests in logic and as an additional material for some linguistic courses (stylistics, discourse analysis, lexicology).
SEMINARS ON LOGIC
SEMINAR 1. CONCEPT
1. Scope and content. Law of inverse relation between scope and content.
2. Types of sets and concepts. Connected and comparable concepts.
3. Venn’s diagrams.
4. Denoting and classification.
SEMINAR 2. PROPOSITION
TEST 1. CONCEPT
1. Modality.
2. Simple propositions. Logical square.
3. Complex propositions. Making formulae.
4. Truth tables.
SEMINAR 3. IMMEDIATE AND MEDIATE SYLLOGISMS.
TEST 2. PROPOSITION
1. Immediate inferences. Obversion and conversion.
2. Mediate inferences. Categorical syllogism (rules).
3. Figures, terms and modes of categorical syllogisms. Validity.
4. Polysyllogism. Sorites.
5. Modus ponens and modus tollens.
6. Dilemma.