C. Underline the correct word.
The present participle (-ing) describes what somebody or something is (it answers the question What kind?).
The Past Participle (-ed) describes how somebody feels (it answers the question How do you feel?).
1. A. Did you enjoy your birthday?
B. Oh, yes. It was very relaxed/relaxing.
2. A. I’m going to a lecture tonight. Do you want to come?
B. No, thanks. I'm not interested/interesting in the subject.
3. A. Did you hurt yourself when you fell?
B. No, but it was very embarrassed/embarrassing.
4. A. Shall I turn off the lights?
B. No, I’m frightened/frightening of the dark.
5. A. I haven’t seen Mr. Green for several days.
B. Neither have I. It’s a bit worried/worrying.
Speaking Practice
Local Buses
Information
ü In most towns there are different kinds of bus ‘pass’. Each town has its own system for these tickets, which will save you money if you have to use buses every day.
ü In any British town there may be more than one bus company. The buses from the different companies may even run on the same routes.
ü If you are waiting at a bus stop with the sign ‘Request Stop’, it means the bus will only stop if you stick your arm out to signal to the driver.
ü When you get on to a bus, the driver or conductor will expect you to say your destination clearly. Say, for example: Marina Drive, pleaseor Two to the station, please.On many buses where you pay the driver as you get on, you will see the sign:
Please tender correct fare
And state your destination.
At the bus stop
► Excuse me, do you know ifthe 15 stops here?
the 12 runs on Sundays?
the 44 goes past the market?
► Excuse me, do you knowwhen the next number 12 is due?
how often the 13A runs?
If you don’t know when to get off
► Could you let me know where to get off for the swimming pool, please?
A. Match up the words in List 1 with their meanings in List 2.
Then fill in the words from List 1 in the spaces.
If a bus pass is (1) _____________, it means you cannot lend it to a friend.
If your pass is only (2) _____________ within a particular (3) ____________ it means you cannot use it outside that (4) _____________.
If your pass allows you (5) ______________ travel, it means you can go anywhere at any time.
List 1 List 2
1. peak times a. the bus company
2. terminus b. the way the bus goes
3. frequency c. special area
4. route taken d. the money you pay
5. the operator e. only you can use it
6. unlimited f. end stop
7. zone g. how often buses run
8. valid h. without restriction
9. fare i. usable
10.not transferable j. rush hours
B. Find out.
1.What are the names of the different bus companies in the town you are staying?
2.What is the name in your town for a weekly bus pass?
3.Try to find out if there are any special tickets for old age pensioners?
4.What are advantages and disadvantages of travelling by bus/coach?
5.Do you enjoy travelling by bus/coach? Why/Why not?
6.Is the government in your city concerned about the public transport?
UNIT FIVE. TRAMS
Pre-reading Activity
ü Think of as many words as possible related to the topic ‘Transport’.
ü Which kind of transport do you prefer?
ü Is a tram an environmentally friendly kind of transport? Why? Why not?
Make sure you know these words:
network – тут мережа залізничних шляхів
congestion – перевантаженість
viable – життєздатність
venue – місце (збору, зустрічі)
modal – модальний
waterfront – міський район, розташований на березі річки
articulated – з’єднаний за допомогою переміщення
car – вагон трамваю
1. Read the Text***
Metrolink
The Metrolink tram network is located in Manchester, northwest England. Due to increasing traffic congestion, and a declining patronage on some local heavy rail lines, it was decided to build a light rail public transport network. The tram was chosen for three specific reasons: it allowed penetration into the city centre from the suburbs; it is seen as a viable alternative to the car, and, if planned correctly it can avoid traffic congestion. The existing tram network is 31 km in length, connecting a suburban area to the north with another suburban area to the southwest via the city centre, main rail stations and large sports/cultural venues. The trams are two-car articulated units, designed for operation both on-street and on conventional railway track.
The system has been very successful, exceeding expectations with 13,8m trips in 1997. Research suggests that 20 per cent of these trips would otherwise have been done by car which means Metrolink has been successful in achieving a modal shift. The network is set to expand out into the area west of the city centre, through the new waterfront development at Salford Quays.
Reading Comprehension
1. Why was the Metrolink tram network built?
2. How could the Metrolink improve the traffic congestion in Manchester?
3. What is specific about the trams of Metrolink?
Vocabulary Focus
A. Find the words in the text, which have the same meaning as the words in Column A.
Column AColumn B
1. becoming worse _______________________
2. area whiсh is away from the centre _______________________
3. a place where a meeting etc. takes place _______________________
4. the two metal lines along which trains travel _______________________
5. serious study of a subject _______________________
B. Study this list of words and choose the most suitable ones to fill in the gaps in the sentences below: ***
| successful suggested traffic conventional venue tram Line |
1. There wasn’t much __________ on the roads.
2. When you get to central London, take the Victoria___________ to Finsbury Park.
3. The _____________ of the big match is the football ground at Wembley.
4. Bake your cake 20 minutes in a ___________ oven; eight minutes in a microwave.
5. She wrote to me and ___________ a meeting.
What are the two words in the list that you did not use? Put each of them in a sentence of your own.
1.______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Development
Compound nouns
A.
| ü Look at these compound nouns from the text. ü Compound nouns can be formed by combining two nouns. Example: tram network public transport rail station city centre |
B. What other compounds do you know with these words?
a. network c. transport
b. station d. centre
C. Match the words from A and B to make compound nouns:
A. B.
1. congestion a. city
2. track b. work
3. tram c. traffic
4. shift d. railway