Переход одной части речи в другую
| answer work place walk | to answer to work to place to walk |
Перенос ударения
| 'export 'import 'increase | to ex'port to im'port to in'crease |
А. Префиксы с отрицательным значением
| un- in- il- ir- im- dis- mis- | uncomfortable unhappy unlock indirect inexperienced illogical irregular impossible to dislike dishonest to misunderstand | неудобный несчастный отпирать косвенный неопытный нелогичный нерегулярный невозможный не любить нечестный неправильно понять |
В. Префиксы с различными значениями
| re- over- under- post- pre- counter- ex- | to rewrite to overwork to underpay postwar pre-war counteraction ex-minister | переписать перетрудиться низко оплачивать послевоенный довоенный противодействие бывший министр |
Суффиксы существительных
| -er, -or -ist -ee -ance -ence -ment -ness -ship -ure | work direct physics employ addressee important different develop dark member press | worker director physicist employee addressee importance difference development darkness membership pressure | рабочий директор физик служащий адресат важность различие развитие темнота членство давление |
Суффиксы прилагательных
| -able -ible -al -ful -less -y | change terror centre use use cloud | changeable terrible central useful useless cloudy | изменчивый ужасный центральный полезный бесполезный облачный |
Суффиксы глаголов
| -en -ize | short sympathy | shorten sympathize | укорачивать сочувствовать |
Составные существительные
bedroom, newspaper, reading-room, father-in-law
Составные прилагательные
a well-known writer, a well-dressed woman, a blue-eyed girl
APPENDIX 4
BUSINESS LETTERS
| mail (US) = post (UK) mailbox (US) = postbox (UK) zipcode (US) = post code (UK) | sender – отправитель recipient = receiver = addressee – получатель письма addressee's company name |
Ave. – avenue, Rd – road, St. – street / saint
| 137, 5th Avenue New York NY 23301 USA | street city postcode country (sender’s address) | |||
| receiver’s à company name | New York City Council City Hall New York | } | (receiver’s address) | |
| Date (on the left or à on the right) Greeting à Beginning à | Monday, 3 March, 2012 Dear Sir / Madam (UK), / Gentlemen (USA), I am writing about … | |||
| Final Commentà Signature à Name à Position à | I look forward to hearing from you. Yours faithfully (UK), / Yours truly(USA) James A Davies James A Davies Managing Director | |||
SOME WAYS TO OPEN A LETTER
| Dear Sirs | – | to a company |
| Dear Sir / Madam | – | to a person if you do not know his/her name |
| Dear Mr / Mrs Smith | – | to a man / a married woman |
| Dear Miss Smith | – | to an unmarried woman |
| Dear Ms Smith | – | to a married or unmarried woman |
| Dear John Hi John! | – – | to someone you know quite well to a friend |
Note: It is wrong to open a letter with ‘Dear Mr John’ or ‘Dear Mr John Smith’.
The way you close a letter depends on how you open it:
| Dear Sirs/Sir/Madam | – | Yours faithfully |
| Dear Mr/Mrs/Miss/MsSmith | – | Yours sincerely |
| Dear John | – | Best wishes |
Addressing an envelope
2.
| Person sending the letter (or on back of envelope) Name and address of person receiving the à letter | Mr. James A. Davies 1007 7th Avenue New York NY 23300 USA Mr. Frank Phillips 98 Cator Road London SE497LS Great Britain | Stamp |
3.
SOME TYPES OF BUSINESS LETTER
5. letter of application (for a job) – заявление о приеме на работу
6. letter of complaint – письмо-жалоба
7. letter of inquiry (asking for information) – письмо-запрос
8. letter of confirmation – письмо-подтверждение
9. letter of invitation – приглашение
10. letter of congratulation – поздравительное письмо
11. letter of order – письмо-заказ
12. letter of guarantee – гарантийное письмо
13. letter of introduction – рекомендательное письмо
14. memo – служебная записка персоналу
15. fax message – факс
16. curriculum vitae (CV)/resume – резюме
17. letter of apology – письмо-извинение
18. reply to a business letter – письмо-ответ на деловое письмо
SOME EXAMPLES OF BUSINESS LETTER
1. Memo
To : All the staff
From : J.Tramp, R&D Director
Subject : the Chairman of the corporation visit
Date : 28 August 2006
The chairman of our corporation Mr. Smith is visiting our company next Monday, 4 September. He is coming to see our new laboratory. Mr. Smith will be here at 10.30 a.m. and you are all kindly requested to be at the welcome reception for him at the Conference Hall.
J.T.
Letter of application
Dear Sir / Madam,
I am writing to apply for the job of information officer, which was advertised in “The Daily News”.
I am 20 years old, and I am studying at university. I have just completed my second year. ............................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................
I look forward to your reply.
Yours faithfully,
Ann Brand
Ann Brand
Letter of complaint
Dear Sir / Madam,
I am writing in connection with the weekend I recently spent at your hotel. I have to say that I was very disappointed ............................................................
.............................................................................................................................
I am sure you will understand that I was very dissatisfied, and did not enjoy my weekend at all. I would like a full refund as soon as possible.
Yours faithfully,
John Dark
John Dark
FAX Message
To: Sally Jones
Fax No:
From:
Fax: +44 (0) 1711234567
Date:
Re:
Pages (including this one): 1
Message
This is to let you know about the arrangements for my trip to Australian next week. I'm taking flight BA135T ........................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
Could you ….......................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
CV / resume
Curriculum Vitae
Personal details Name: ______________________________
Age: _______________________________
Date of birth:_________________________
Marital status: ________________________
Address: ____________________________
Tel: ________________________________
Position applied for: ____
Education
20__ to 20__ ____
20__ to 20__ ____
Work experience
20__ to present Company: ___________________________
Post: _______________________________
Responsibilities: ______________________
____
Other information ______(e.g. clean driving licence)________
References ____
Current salary ____
Letter of inquiry
Dear Sir or Madam,
We are a software company based in London and are currently developing a Windows-based scientific graphics package for use in universities and research laboratories. We are interested in protecting the programs we sell from unauthorized copying and duplication.
Could you please send us more technical information about ... and price list.
We look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Anne Newson
Anne Newson
Project Director