Match the terms with the definitions.
| 1. analyte | a. a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances |
| 2. titrant | b. a substance that is dissolved in another substance, known as solvent. These two are present in a solution |
| 3. endpoint | c. a solution of the substance whose concentration is unknown and sought in the analysis |
| 4. indicator | d. solution in which the concentration of a solute is precisely known |
| 5. solution | e. the point at which the titration is complete, as determined by an indicator |
| 6. solute | f. a substance used to show the presence of a chemical substance by its color |
2. Translate the sentences into English without using a dictionary.
1. Стандартный раствор — это раствор известной концентрации. 2. Во время титрования титрант прибавляют к раствору неизвестной концентрации для достижения точки эквивалентности. 3. Выбор индикатора может стать ключом к успешному титрованию. 4. В широком смысле титрование — это определение концентрации вещества в растворе. 5. Кислотно-основное титрование основано на реакции нейтрализации.
3. Read the following text about acid-base titration and unscramble the letters in the brackets to find the correct word.
Acid-base titrations are usually used to find the a________1 (tamnuo) of a known acidic or basic substance through acid-base reactions. The a________2 (lanatey) is the solution with an unknown m________3 (larmotiy). The titrant is the solution with a known molarity that will react with the analyte.
The analyte is prepared by dissolving the substance being studied into a s________4 (nosotiul). The solution is usually placed in a f________5 (skalf) for titration. A small amount of i________6 (candiroti) is then added into the flask along with the analyte. The reagent is usually placed in a b________7 (terubet) and slowly added to the analyte and indicator mixture. The amount of reagent used is recorded when the indicator causes a change in the color of the solution.
Rewrite the sentence using the modal verbs.
a I’m sure you know the difference between a solid and a gas! MUST
You must know the difference between a solid and a gas!________________________________________________________________________
bIf a substance does not contain hydrogen, then we are sure that it isn’t an acid. CAN’T
__________________________________________________________________________________
cIf we put some litmus paper in a solution and it turns red, then we are sure that the solution is an acid. MUST
___________________________________________________________________________
dIf we add a substance to a red-cabbage solution and it stays red, then we are sure that the substance isn’t an alkali. CAN’T
___________________________________________________________________________
eIf we add a substance to a red-cabbage solution and it turns green, then the substance is sure to be an alkali. MUST
_____________________________________________________________________________
f If we put some litmus paper in a solution and it turns red, then we are sure that the solution isn’t an alkali. CAN’T
___________________________________________________________________________
gIf it’s not an acid, or an alkali, then it’s sure to be neutral. MUST
___________________________________________________________________________
h If we use a universal indicator to check a substance, and it turns purple, then we are sure that the substance isn’t an acid. CAN’T
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Look at the picture and comment on it from the point of view of chemistry.
