Page 66 Explanatory Notes

1. A princess stood godmother by proxy – крестной матерью должна была стать принцесса, но она прислала на крестины доверенное лицо.

2. Eights Week – traditional week of celebrations at the end of the academic year at Oxford, in May, when competition in rowing between colleges is held, with eight sportsmen in each boat.

3. Comment – Commemoration Day in the memory of the founders of Oxford University (in June).

Post-reading tasks

Sounds and Spelling

IV.Pronounce and spell the words: enthusiasm, consume, extinguish, deliver, justice, nephew, catafalque, delightful, tranquility, illustrious, rectify, estate, dialogue, tar, pillar-box.

V. Transcribe and translate the words: convalescence, mischief, christen, ungrudgingly, physique, shoddy, approach, superiority, courageous, illustrious, gorse, obscurity, advantageous, barrel, princess, soften, Christmas, conscious, magnanimously, tentative, pince-nez, vaguely, bungalow, heir.

Word Formation

VI.Look at the entry for the word "barrel" as it is given in the Essential English Dictionary and make up your own sentences illustrating every meaning:

1.A barrelis a round container for liquids that is wider in the middle than at the top and bottom. Barrels are usually made of wood and held together by metal strips. Ex. ... a wine barrel. Barrelis also used to refer to the contents of a barrel. Ex. I'll buy you a barrel of beer.

2. In the oil industry a barrelis a unit of measurement equivalent to 159 liters. Ex. The Syrian pipeline has a capacity of 1.2 million barrels a day.

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3. The barrelof a gun is the long, cylindrical part through which the bullet travels when the gun is fired. Ex. ... a light weapon with a short barrel.

4. The barrelof a lock is the part into which you put a key.

VII.Complete the charts with the different parts of speech; the missing words are all from the text:

Verb à adjective verb à noun

to illustrate (un-)_____ to annoy _____

to remark (un-)_____ to obscure _____

to count _________ to christen _____

to soften _______(ly) to empty _____

to respond (un-)_____ to beg _____

to sympathize _________ to hoot _____

to grudge _________ to tranquillize _____

VIII.Form other words from the following verbs using the word-building suffixes and prefixes -ous, -able, -less, -tion, -ance, -ment, -ty, un-, re-:to annoy, to respond, to illustrate, to soften, to remark, to obscure, to count, to confide, to decorate, to confuse, to subscribe, to move, to present, to resolve, to install, to embarrass, to recognize.

IX. Study the compound words from the text. Put the appropriate words into the gaps to form collocations (the text will help you): a _____ grazing-land; a _____ and good-hearted girl; they were _____ sandy-haired; well-mannered on _____ ; a _____ motor-car; pillar-box _____ ; middle-class _____ ; silver-plated _____ ; fair-minded _____; a_____ small-holding (accent, model, tray, woman, both, red, occasions, cozy, loyal, a landscape).

X. Give the three forms of the verbs: to spread, to extinguish, to fret, to choose, to find, to rectify, to fall, to hang, to obscure, to label, to deal, to fortify, to remove, to touch, to seek, to undertake, to emphasize, to stand, to recognize, to embarrass.

Page 68Vocabulary Development

XI. Soft out synonyms:

1. benefit

2. briskly

3. rectify

4. shoddy

5. illustrious

6. extinguish

a. correct

b. put out

с quickly

d. famous

e. second-rate

f. profit

XII. Sort out antonyms:

1. immense 2. expensive 3. grudgingly 4. shoddy 5. courageous 6. sensitive 7. well-mannered 8. sturdy

9. superior 10. advantageous 11. ungrateful 12. generous

a. willingly b. first-rate c. cheap d. inferior e. small f. sickly, unhealthy g. grateful h. greedy

i. disadvantageous j. bad-mannered k. insensitive l. cowardly

XIII. Give definitions of the following words using an English-English dictionary.

a) justice, mischief, annoyance, physique; b) shoddy, loyal, smart, peevish; c) to consume, to confide, to fortify, to addict.

XIV. Translate the following parts of sentences with phrasal verbs:

1) ... as things turned out. 2) ... flags were hung out. 3) ... the gardeners, cleaning up the mess. 4) ... he was growing up somewhat unresponsive. 5) ... he was going up to Oxford. 6) ... she had it all planned out. 7) ... he prayed for it. 8) ... it was put away upstairs. 9) ... she was now walking out with a motor salesman; 10) ... Mrs.Kent-Cumberland sought her out.

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XV. Find the Russian equivalents for the following:

1. to hoot at а. выгонять криками, гиканьем

2. to hoot after b. оглушительно смеяться

3. to hoot down с. кричать (на), улюлюкать

4. to hoot away d. гнаться зa кем-то с криком

5. to hoot with laughter е. заставлять замолчать криками

XVI. Translate the following adj+n-phrases:

a) peevish months; shoddy modern house; a sympathetic sister; a smart pony; a model motor-car; self-indulgent habits; the largest exhibit; evil company; tentative signs; absolute finality; a remote estate; a sunny bungalow; wire fences; staggering figures.

b) преданные арендаторы; обычное спокойствие; ужасные крайности; смягчающее влияние; дорогая игрушка; маленький бедняжка; запасное колесо; будущий тесть; деликатная миссия; деятельная женщина.

XVII. Paraphrase the following n+of+n – phrases and use them in the sentences of your own:

stage of development; barrels of tar; catafalque of timber; the benefit of sea air; performances of ceremony; a man of limited means; intensity of feeling; an error of justice; act of generosity.

XVIII. Match the definitions with the words in italics:

- a young person who behaves in a noisy and violent way in public places;

- a woman who agrees to take responsibility for the religious upbringing of a child when the child is baptized in a Christian church;

- a person who spends all his (her) time reading books;

- a tall red cylinder with a narrow hole in it where you can put letters to be collected by a postman;

- a Christian ceremony in which a baby is made a member of the Christian church and is officially given his or her name;

- a private hospital;

- the 24th of December, the day before the Christmas Day;

- a device such as a horn or a siren on a car or other vehicle;

godmother, bookworm, Christmas Eve, hooter, nursing home, hooligan, Christening, pillar-box.

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XIX. Paraphrase the following sentences:

1. There were farmers's dinners both at Tomb Beacon and on the Kent-Cumberlands Norfolk estate, and the funds for a silver-plated tray were ungrudgingly subscribed.

2. Mrs. Kent-Cumberland was attended by the local doctor who antagonized her by his middle-class accent, and proved, when it came to the point, a great deal more deft than the London specialist.

3. They were both sandy-haired, courageous, and well-mannered on occasions. Neither was sensitive, artistic, highly strung or conscious of being misunderstood.

4. Tom found that his obscurity was on the whole advantageous; for it excused him from the countless minor performances of ceremony which fell on Gervase.

5. It was pillar-box red, complete with electric lights, a hooter and spare wheel.

6. "So that's all the thanks I get. Ungrateful little beggar," said Uncle Ted, resolving to be more economical in future.

7. Miss Whatever-her-name-was seemed a thoroughly nice girl, but you are not in a position to think of marriage.

8. Tom was exhilarated, sometimes almost dizzy at the experience, but he hesitated to tell this mother.

XX. Insert articles into the gaps where necessary:

It had occurred to Tom ask his mother whether he might bring his fiancée to the ball, but he had realized that it would not do. ( ) girl was named Gladys Cruttwell. She was two years older than himself; she had fluffy yellow hair which she washed at home once ( ) week and dried before ( ) gas fire; on ( ) day after ( ) shampoo it was very light and silky; towards ( ) end of ( ) week, darker and slightly greasy. She was ( ) virtuous, affectionate, self-reliant, even-tempered, unintelligent, high-spirited girl, but Tom could not disguise from himself ( ) fact that she would not go down well at ( ) Tomb.

(From "Winner Takes All" by E. Waugh)

XXI. Make up stories using the following verbal collocations from the text:

a) to be consumed with desire for smth; to be involved in mischief; to come to the point; to rectify an obvious error of justice; to be addicted to smth; to increase smth a hundredfold; to find smb aloof.

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b) to travel in state; to spread briskly; to be tipsy; to be a great deal more deft than smb; to fortify oneself with the hope; to confide one's ambition to smb; to get all the fun; to be more economical.

c) to be engaged; to be rudely shocked; to be dizzy; to be due to arrive; to add with absolute finality; to walk out with smb.; to look in need of a holiday; to find an opening for smb.; to take a great liking to smb.; to get one's way.