Russian educational system
Кафедра
Делового иностранного языка
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER
ЗНАНИЕ - СИЛА
Методические указания по дисциплине
«Иностранный язык (английский)» для студентов I-II курсов
всех специальностей дневного отделения
экономического, юридического
и гуманитарного факультетов
Мурманск
| Составители – | Яна Александровна Глухих, к.ф.н., доцент кафедры делового иностранного языка Мурманского государственного технического университета; Анна Вадимовна Мищенко, преподаватель той же кафедры |
Методические указания рассмотрены и одобрены кафедрой _17_ марта 2010 г., протокол № 8_
| Рецензент – | Н.Л. Лебедь, доцент специализированной кафедры иностранных языков |
Редактор Г. В. Зобнина
© Мурманский государственный технический университет, 2010
ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ
ВВЕДЕНИЕ…………………………………………………………………..…4
TOPICAL VOCABULARY……………………………………………………5
VOCABULARY EXERCISES…………………………………………….….8
GRAMMAR EXERCISES……………………………………………………10
TEXTS………………………………………………………………………...13
SPEECH PRACTICE…………….............................................................…26
TEST………………………………………………………………………….29
TOPICS FOR REPORTS…………………………………………………….30
EXAM CARD PLAN……………………………………………………..….30
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАННАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА……………………………………..31
ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов всех специальностей дневного отделения экономического, юридического и гуманитарного факультетов, продолжающих изучение первого иностранного языка (английского).
Методические указания содержат лексические, грамматические упражнения и тексты для изучения темы «Образование» и закрепления полученного материала.
Большое внимание уделено чтению текстов с последующим переходом на монологическое и диалогическое общение.
В методические указания также включен материал, направленный на развитие навыков восприятия иностранной речи на слух (аудирования).
Содержание данных указаний соответствует среднему и высокому уровню изучения иностранного языка.
Цель методических указаний – выработать навыки устной речи в рамках изучаемой темы и некоторые навыки перевода.
Topical Vocabulary
| 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. | Subjects compulsory subjects optional subjects main subjects minor subjects advertising archaeology art banking basic safety biology business studies chemistry commerce cultural studies descriptive geometry economics first aid foreign languages geography history home economics law literature mathematics natural science political science psychology religious education/ theology physics sociology sport/physical education (PE) Examinations/Exams card сrib = cab= cabbage = trot to check to copy to examine examiner to retake to study to train a test to test to pass a test in to pass smb. (in) winter/summer examinations to sit/read/revise for exams to take/sit an exam to pass/get through an exam to fail an exam to fail in Latin be good at smth/doing smth; to have a good command of … to make progress (in) graduation exams People in education pupil an applicant full-time student extra-mural students part-time students tutor lecturer undergraduate graduate postgraduate a first year student educator scientist assistant professor dean coach head of department head-teacher/ headmaster rector Master Bachelor Philosophy Doctor Doctor of Science research supervisor Related words qualifications certificate diploma education facilities educational establishment faculty department principal/main building hostel (Br.E.) / dormitory (coll. dorm) (Am.E.) well-equipped equipment up-to-date course of studies academic year school year term (Br.E.)/semester (Am.E.) tuition (Br.) / fee (Am.) to pay one’s tuition scholarship time-table/schedule extracurricular activities to miss lessons/classes to make experiments to carry on research work scientific conference to master one’s profession to graduate from the University postgraduate course | Предметы обязательные предметы необязательные предметы основные предметы непрофилирующие предметы реклама археология искусство; изобразительное искусство банковское дело ОБЖ биология коммерческое дело, коммерция химия коммерция культурология начертательная геометрия экономика, экономическая теория первая помощь иностранные языки география история домоводство право литература математика естествознание политология психология религиоведение, теология физика социология физкультура Экзамены билет шпаргалка проверять списывать экзаменовать, изучать экзаменатор пересдавать учиться, изучать обучать, готовить контрольная работа; тест; зачёт тестировать сдать зачёт по… поставить кому-л зачёт (по) зимняя/летняя сессия готовиться к экзаменам сдавать экзамен сдать экзамен провалиться на экзамене провалиться по латыни хорошо уметь что-нибудь делать; хорошо знать что-либо делать успехи (в) выпускные экзамены Участники учебного процесса ученик абитуриент студент очной формы обучения студенты заочной формы обучения студенты вечерней формы обучения репетитор лектор студент университета, ещё не получивший степени выпускник вуза аспирант студент первого курса педагог, воспитатель учёный доцент декан тренер зав. кафедрой директор школы ректор магистр бакалавр доктор философии, кандидат наук доктор наук научный руководитель Сопутствующая лексика документы об образовании сертификат, свидетельство диплом технические средства обучения учебное заведение факультет отделение; факультет; кафедра главное здание/корпус студенческое общежитие хорошо оборудованный оборудование; оснащение современный курс обучения учебный год в университете учебный год семестр обучение; плата за обучение платить за обучение стипендия расписание внеаудиторные мероприятия пропускать занятия проводить опыты выполнять научную работу научная конференция овладеть своей профессией закончить университет аспирантура |
Vocabulary Exercises
Ex. 1. Choose the best option to fill in each gap.
1. In history/business studies/chemistry/economics we had to wear special glasses because we were using dangerous chemicals.
2. If you don't want to cut open dead frogs then you shouldn't take chemistry/physics/economics/biology.
3. She tried to coursework/revise/cheat/term on her test, but her teacher caught her and she was kicked out of school.
4. Only students who are semester/enrolled/revised/retake on this course may enter the classroom.
5. There will be no way to retake/enroll/revise/cheat this test if you fail.
6. You should spend at least 2 hours a day retaking/revising/boarding/enrolling for your test.
7. To work for this company you need a university failure/education/qualification/term.
Ex. 2. Fill in the gaps with the words and phrases given below:
1. Many young people in our country after leaving school continue their … in different … … . 2. … of this faculty is very interesting. It … … different subjects such as economics, law, management, psychology, linguistics, history, and others. 3. What is you future …? What … do you study? 4. Moscow State University is … … M. Lomonosov, a prominent scientist. 5. If you want to study well, don’t … classes, those who … all lectures and seminars don’t … at the exams. 6. Do you get …? – Unfortunately not, I couldn’t … my exam in Literature. 7. This student must … … … his pronunciation, his sounds are not good. 8. When will you … … the University? – Next year in spring I am going … my graduation … . Now I am in my fourth year. 9. My daughter will take only one … … to enter this University. 10. Each faculty has a … society where students can work on some themes they … … … .
(curriculum, education, research, speciality, to name after, an entrance exam, to pay attention to, to miss, a scholarship, to pass, to attend, to fail, to graduate from, to take an exam, to be interested in, an educational establishment, to consist of, a subject)
Ex.3. Choose the right word:
1. Students get a higher (examination, education, graduation) at the universities. 2. Students receive a monthly (profession, scholarship, subject). 3. After the students (graduate, realise, introduce) from the universities they go to work in all fields of national economy. 4. He did not enter the University because he (failed, prepared, learned) in maths. 5. Students must (complete, return, attend) lectures on different subjects. 6. When did you (leave, receive, complete) school? 7. When did you (leave, receive, complete) a letter from the University? 8. He is a good student, he can (understand, require, pass) all the examinations well. 9. What foreign (newspapers, language, word) can you speak? 10. Every lecture at the University (begins, lasts, completes) an hour and a half.
Ex. 4. Match the words in A and B to form collocations, then complete the sentences below. You might need to change the form of some verbs.
A
expel, drop out of, play, attend, assess
B
truant, a student, students' progress, school, a lesson
1. Last year the headmaster expelled a student for bullying.
2. Bernard was reprimanded for failing to … .
3. It is difficult to … without testing them regularly.
4. Children who regularly … are twice as likely to leave school without any qualifications.
5. Once an energetic and bright student, Jill … shortly after her father`s accident.
Ex. 5. Match the words of column A and B with the words of the same meaning:
| A | B |
| 1. faculty 2. up-to-date 3. to deliver lectures 4. various 5. classroom 6. to have a chance 7. hostels 8. wish 9. tuition | a) want b) studyroom c) fee d) dormitories e) to have an opportunity f) different g) to give lectures h) modern i) department |
Ex. 6. Match the following proverbs and their meanings:
| 1. Live and learn. 2. Don’t teach a fish to swim. 3. Four eyes see more than two. 4. It is never too late to learn. 5. So many men, so many minds. 6. Two heads are better than one. | a. Two persons in consultation may find the right answer to a problem. b. As long as you live there will be new things to learn. c. There are as many opinions as there are men. d. Do not tell or show smb how to do smth that he can do perfectly well and probably better than you yourself. e. One must go on learning as long as one lives. f. Two people are more observant than one alone. |
Grammar Exercises
Ex. 1. Fill in articles where necessary.
My sister is (1) librarian. She works at (2) library. She goes to (3) library every day. My sister and her friend are (4) students. They are (5) part-time students. They study at (6) Murmansk State Technical University. My sister studies at (7) evening department of (8) economic faculty. At university she studies (9) English, (10) history, (11) economic theory and (12) other subjects. My sister has (13) few hobbies. In her spare time she plays (14) guitar and goes to (15) sports club to practice playing (16) volleyball.
Ex. 2. Fill in the gaps with suitable pronouns.
1. I usually ask my brother about (1) work. 2. We like listening to (2) stories because they always tell (3) something new. 3. Take this brochure and read (4) at home. 4. I see these people every day. (5) am tired of (6). 5. Introduce (7) to (8) group mate, please.
Ex. 3. Fill in the gaps with the verb to be forms.
1. I … Russian. 2. We … second-year undergraduates of Moscow State University. 3. She … a full-time student of the economic faculty. 4. They … members of our college sports society. 5. Their names … Olga and Nick. 6. Oxford University … a federation of independent colleges. 7. Peter … a pupil last year and now he … a first-year undergraduate of the law faculty. 8. She … English. Her name … Mary. 9. They … extra-mural students. 10. Five years ago when Nick and Boris … schoolchildren they participated in snowboarding competitions. 11. She … a tutor now. 12. We … postgraduates next year. 13. These men … programmers and those women … economists. 14. Six months ago I … at Saint Petersburg State University and now I … here. 15. This … a library and those … classrooms. 16. There … fewer students in this group last term.
Ex. 4. Fill in prepositions where necessary:
We are students. …. the morning we go … the University. Our lectures begin … 8.30. We have no lectures … Sunday. We take examinations … January and June. We do not study … summer. The academic year begins … September, 1. We come … the classroom and sit down … the tables. We take our books and note-books … … the bags and put them … the table. Our pens are … the table too. Our bags are usually … the table. Sometimes they are … the table … the floor. During the lesson we go … the blackboard and write sentences … it. When the lessons are over we go … … the classroom and go home. We usually come back … the University … 3 o’clock … the afternoon.
Ex. 5. Write questions to the words and phrases in bold type:
1. Professors and lecturers give lectures to students. (3). 2. All the universities admit men and women. (2). 3. They spend three years at a teachers’ training college. (3). 4. Most of the universities provide hostels for their students. (2). 5. There are ten students in that class. (1). 6. There is much chalk at the blackboard. (2). 7. London University is the biggest of the modern English universities and has many colleges and schools. (2). 8. Students learn various subjects at the universities. (3).
Ex. 6. Choose the correct form of the verb:
Dear Karen,
(1) I’m having/have a great time here in England. My university term (2) isn’t starting/doesn’t start until the autumn, so (3) I’m taking/take the opportunity to improve my English. (4) I’m staying/stay with some English friends who (5) are owning/ own a farm. On weekdays (6) I’m catching/catch a bus into Torquay to go to language classes. (7) I’m making/make good progress, I think. My friends (8) say/are saying my pronunciation is much better than when I arrived, and (9) I’m understanding/ understand almost everything now. At weekends (10) I’m helping/help on the farm. At the moment (11) they’re harvesting/harvest the corn and (12) they’re needing/need all the help they can get. It’s quite hard work, but (13) I’m liking/like it. And (14) I’m developing/develop some strong muscles!
(15) Do you come/are you coming to visit me at Christmas? (16) I’m spending/spend the winter holiday here at the farm. My friends (17) are wanting/want to meet you and there’s plenty of space. But you must bring your warmest clothes. (18) It’s getting/gets very cold here in the winter.
Let me know as soon as (19) you’re deciding/decide. And tell what (20) you’re doing/do these days.
Do you miss me?
Love,
Paul.
Texts
Ex. 1. Read the text and find the English for высшее образование, доктор наук, диссертация, заведующий кафедрой, аттестат о неполном среднем образовании, кандидат наук, доцент, бакалавр, магистр, аттестат о полном среднем образовании, диплом о высшем образовании.
Russian educational system
The Russian educational system may be arranged into three major groups: secondary education, higher education, and postgraduate education.
Secondary school
Secondary education in Russia takes either ten (skipping the 4th form) or eleven years to complete, depending on the school. After graduation from the 9th grade, which is compulsory for all Russian citizens, a pupil obtains a Certificate of Incomplete Secondary Education. After that a pupil has to choose one of the following ways to complete his secondary education: to continue education for two more years at the secondary school or to pursue an associate degree at a community college or a technical school. The latter variant usually takes three to four years to complete but provides a pupil with educational qualification that is sufficient for most blue-collar jobs.
University
After obtaining a Certificate of Complete Secondary Education a student can enter a University to get a Higher Education Diploma. A student can choose a program of higher education with duration from four to six years. There are three different degrees that are conferred by Russian universities: Bachelor's Degree (4 years), Specialist's Degree (5–6 years), and Master's Degree (6 years). Bachelor's and Master's degrees were introduced relatively recently; they did not exist in the Soviet Union. Even now they are not offered by many six-year institutions.
Post-graduate levels
The training of well-qualified specialists for teaching and research lasts for 3 to 4 years and ends in the public defense of a Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) thesis. A thesis or a dissertation in a form of a monograph is a science book edition, containing a profound and comprehensive research of a thesis that has passed a scientific review and meets required criteria.
If you are studying for a Ph.D. as a full-time postgraduate you can expect to finish your research within 3 years. If you take university Master's Degree course you will have an opportunity to continue your research work and to earn Ph.D. after 2 years. As a rule, postgraduate students carry out real scientific and engineering investigations with the use of modern laboratory equipment, prepare scientific papers for publication and participate in national and international scientific conferences. All these are fulfilled under the guidance and supervision of leading university scientists. After 2 to 4 years of obtaining important scientific results, publishing them and writing new thesis would result in Doctor of Science degree, but the typical way is working in a university or scientific institute with parallel preparation of a thesis.
Doctor of Philosophy may keep a position of Assistant Professor in universities and of Researcher or Senior Researcher in scientific institutes. Doctor of Science can hold a position of Professor, Department Chairman or equal and higher ones.
Ex. 2. Complete the sentences.
1. Russian educational system consists of 3 cycles: ……………….. .
2. A pupil receives a Certificate of Incomplete Secondary Education after ……………….. .
3. After graduation from the 9th grade a pupil can ………………… .
4. To enter a university a person needs to have a qualification called ………….. .
5. To get Bachelor's Degree a student should stud y at university for … years.
6. To obtain Master's Degree a student studies for ……………….. .
7. Defending a Doctor of Philosophy thesis results in ……………….. .
8. Doctor of Science degree is received if ……………………… .
Ex. 3. Read the text and find the English forстипендии, ЕГЭ, вступительные экзамены, сочинение, оценка (2 variants), недостаток системы, расходы на образование, распад СССР, приличная зарплата, журнал.