Fire Fighting Aboard Ship

1. Fires are one of the most hazardous casualities on any kind of ships because flames spread rapidly, making it difficult to evacuate personnel and passengers.

2. The following factors contribute greatly to the development of the fire in ships’ spaces:

- combustible finishes of corridors, and, first of all, of ceilings;

- absence of fire-resisting and fire-retarding bulkheads and doors dividing the corridor in parts horizontally and deck tiers vertically;

- absence of fire-retarding doors from corridors to the cabins or presence of opened doors;

- air spaces behind ceilings through which the spaces communicate with one other.

3. Under fire conditions trunks arid stairways become a type of a “smoke funnel”. Evacuation and access of people having fire appliances are extremely difficult. Fires originating in accommodation and services spaces spread frequently to the adjoining control stations resulting in failure of the ship’s control equipment.

4. Most dangerous for human life are fires in cargo oil tanks closely arranged to superstructures and deckhouses. The absence of fire insulation, open or damaged side scuttles promote quick travel of the fire, particularly in case of unfavourable wind direction. The spread of fire in cargo oil tanks practically depend entirely on the properties of the carried petroleum product and structural peculiarities of the ship. Most dangerous are fires involving explosions.

5. Ответьте на вопросы:

а) What is the title of this text?

б) Why are fires one of the most hazardous casualities on any kind of ships?

в) What ship fires are most dangerous for human life?

Составьте два общих вопроса по тексту.

Составьте два специальных вопроса по тексту.

8. Образуйте Participle I от следующих глаголов:to develop, to follow, to involve, to arrange.

9. Образуйте Participle II от следующих глаголов: to be, to divide, to evacuate, to have.

10. Составьте по-английски план пересказа текста.

ВАРИАНТ 4

1. Переведите однокоренные слова, обращая внимание на словообразовательные элементы:

a) evacuate, evacuator, evacuation,

б) hospital, hospitalize, hospitalization,

в) person, personal, personality, personally,

г) estimator, estimate, estimation, estimative.

2. Образуйте существительные от следующих глаголов: to build, to save, to administrate, to treat, to consider, to use.

3. Переведите слова, обращая внимание на префиксы: to misunderstand, illogical, unexpected, irregular, uncharged.

Найдите в первом абзаце текста модальный глагол, переведите предложение.

Найдите в восьмом абзаце текста прилагательное в превосходной степени, переведите предложение.

Найдите в текстe и выпишите все сказуемые в пассивном залоге, переведите их.

Переведите текст на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод пожарно-технических терминов.

Downtown Moscow Blaze

1. Firefighters struggled all day Thursday, February 12, 1998 to extinguish a stubborn blaze that erupted in a seven-storey downtown office building. Officials worried that tons of water used to fight the fire might freeze and bring down the entire structure.

2. City police considers this fire to be the city's biggest fire in recent memory: 41 people were injured, 33 of them firefighters.

3. The blaze, which appeared to be under control in the evening of the same day gutted the Russian Sea Fleet building, Rozhdestvenskaya Street, about midway between the Bolshoi Theatre and Lubyanskaya Square.

4. More than 100 people were evacuated from the Sea Fleet building after the fire broke out at around 4:30 p.m. Many were treated at the scene for smoke inhalation. Apolice spokesman said that three civilian women and nine firefighters had been hospitalized by late Thursday, mostly for burns or smoke inhalation.

5. The building houses the offices of the Sea Fleet. There was no immediate damage estimate.

6. “Temperatures there, especially inside of the walls and floors, are still very high, - said spokesman for the Moscow Fire Department. Today firefighters were knocking down the walls to make sure that fire is put out”.

7. The building's four upper floors were gutted. While upper floors of the nearly century-old building continued to smoulder late Thursday, small groups of Sea Fleet administration employees were allowed to venture into the lower floors in search of personal belongings.

8. Officials saved the Russian flag and carried it carefully from the building. Officials said that the biggest losses were archives, data bases and the communication centre that manages links between all Russian seaports and the merchant fleet.

8. Ответьте на вопросы:

а) What’s happened on February 12, 1998?

б) How many people were injured?

в) How many people were evacuated from the Sea Fleet building?

г) What were the biggest loses?

Составьте два общих вопроса по тексту.

10. Составьте по-английски план пересказа текста.

ВАРИАНТ 5

1. Переведите однокоренные слова, обращая внимание на словообразовательные элементы:

a) fierce, fiercely, fierceness;

б) manage, managed, manageable, manager, management;

в) isolate, isolator, isolation, isolating, isolable.