Имя существительное (The Noun)
Множественное число (Number)
1. Определите исчисляемые и неисчисляемые существительные. При исчисляемых существительных поставьте артикль a или an:
Wool, air, airship, word, aviation, assistance, assistant, paper (бумага), paper (газета), hour, bread, darkness, water, sea, cheese, happiness, event, glass (стекло), glass (стакан), hero, sand, music, piano, friend, friendship, quickness, tobacco, cigarette, copper, armchair, coffee, ship, coin, university, money, ink, banknote, meat, silver, watch, timber, tree, idea, ice, furniture, chalk, heat, cow, milk, butter, horse, obligation, machine, equipment, instrument, speed, umbrella.
2. Напишите следующие существительные во множественном числе:
Place, library, language, dress, fly, watch, clock, country, eye, bus, bush, party, ray, thief, company, Negro, mass, leaf, wolf, glass, key, fox, half, life, day, play, factory, city, colony, roof, month, opportunity, journey, shelf, hero.
Man, woman, tooth, foot, goose, child, mouse.
Postman, son-in-law, editor-in-chief, fisherman, schoolgirl, sister-in-law, text-book, pocket-knife, passer-by, statesman.
3. Напишите существительные, выделенные жирным шрифтом, во множественном числе:
1. Put the box on the shelf. 2. I have hurt my foot. 3. This is an English dictionary. 4. Where is the knife? 5. This factory has a good laboratory. 6. The last leaf fell from the tree. 7. This story is very long. 8. The speech was very interesting. 9. He left the key on the table. 10. Where is the brush? 11. I like his new play. 12. The roofof the housewas covered with snow. 13. The wife of the sailor came to the shore. 14. A copy of the contract was sent to Leningrad. 15. The cargo of the steamerconsists of different raw materials.
4. Напишите существительные, выделенные жирным шрифтом, в единственном числе, сделав, где необходимо, соответствующие изменения в предложении:
1. Women and childrencame to the shore. 2. The keys to the boxes were lost. 3. The wolves have been shot. 4. The mice were caught. 5. These factories produce furniture. 6. Copies of these letters will be sent to Leningrad. 7. The cargoes will be discharged tomorrow.
5. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Летом мы едим очень много фруктов. 2. Его волосы совсем темные. 3. Я купил эти часы в Ленинграде. Они очень хорошие. 4. Я не мог войти в сад, так как ворота были закрыты. 5. Эти новости очень интересные. 6. Ваши советы мне очень помогли сегодня. 7. Кому принадлежат эти деньги? 8. Он сделал большой успех в английском языке. 9. В этом году фрукты очень дешевые. 10. Сани стояли у ворот. 11. Его одежда совсем новая. 12. Его заработная плата очень высока. 13. Недалеко отсюда находится стекольный завод. 14. Товар только что прибыл. 15. Экспорт этого товара значительно увеличился. 16. Содержание его письма было совсем неожиданным.
Притяжательный падеж (The Possessive Case)
1. Замените, где возможно, существительное с предлогом «of» формой притяжательного падежа:
1. The new club of the workers. 2. The poems of Lermontov. 3. The clothes of the boys. 4. The walls of the room. 5. The plays of Shakespeare. 6. The voice of his sister. 7. The solders of the Commander-in-Chief. 8. The pages of the book. 9. The watch of my friend Peter. 10. The birthday of my daughter Helen. 11. The parents of all the other boys. 12. The boats of the fish men. 13. The opinion of the lawyer. 14. The signature of Mr. Brown. 15. The offer of the seller. 16. The conclusions of the expert. 17. The house of my father-in-law.
2. Замените форму притяжательного падежа существительным с предлогом «of»:
1. My father’s library. 2. The doctor’s prescription. 3. The ship’s crew. 4. The teacher’s order. 5. The engineer’s drawings. 6. The buyer’s confirmation. 7. The ship-owners’ instructions. 8. Mr. Brown’s proposal. 9. The sellers’ claim. 10. The representative’s report.
3. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Знаете ли вы адрес Иванова? 2. Есть ли у вас карта Европы? 3. Рабочий день моего брата на этой фабрике длится 8 часов. 4. Муж моей сестры Елены уехал в Киев. 5. Мы еще не получили ответа покупателей. 6. Они сообщили нам о прибытии парохода. 7. Матросы немедленно выполнили приказание капитана. 8. Я не знаю еще решения директора.
4. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на выражения без притяжательного падежа:
Trade talks. Consumer goods. Food sales. Exchange rate. Wheat consumption. Flax production. Long-term credits. Power station equipment. Sugar price. Coal supply situation. Wholesale prices index. World cotton stocks. Profit and loss account. Cotton yarn production figures. Moscow University. Cambridge collage.
Артикль (The Article)
1. Вместо точек вставьте, где требуется, артикли a, an:
1. I usually smoke … cigarettes or … pipe. My father smokes … cigars. 2. Give me … match, please. 3. Are there … matches in that box? 4. Is there … bookshop in this street? I want to buy … books. 5. … watchmaker repairs … watches and … clocks. 6. There is … sofa and … armchairs in this room. 7. Did you buy … boots or … shoes? 8. Andrew is … accountant. He is … chief of the bookkeeping department of … large organization. 9. Mr. Ivanov is … architect: his two brothers are … engineers. 10. There are … books and … magazines on the table. 11. What … strange man! 12. What … interesting books!
2. Вместо точек вставьте, где требуется, артикли:
1. … coal is one of … mоst important natural resources of our country. 2. … most common kind of … fuel used by man is … wood. 3. Put … wood on … fire. 4. … silver is not so heavy as … gold. 5. … iron is … metal. 6. … iron ore found in that mine is of high quality. 7. Please cut … grass in the garden. 8. Pour … milk into the cup, please. 9. … milk which you brought in the morning has turned sour. 10. We make … butter and … cheese from … milk. 11. … tea is very hot, I must put … milk in it. 12. Buy … tobacco, please. 13. Pass me … sugar, please. 14. … windows were in … light and … air. 15. We go to school on … foot. 16. In … morning I get up at seven. 17. … dog is … domestic animal. 18. By … way, let us go to the cinema. 19. … his dog is very clever. 20. This is … my house. 21. He is … cleverest boy in class. 22. Go to … room 7. 23. I go to school by … bus. 24. … President of … our state came to … our university.
3. Употребите артикль с существительными, значение которых определяется ситуацией.
1. What's … matter? Have you lost ... keys again? 2. What's … date today? Where's ... calendar? 3. What's … time? I've left ... watch at home. 4. Describe ... situation to us, will you? 5. Put ...dictionary in its place. 6. Are you going to lay table? - Yes, but where is ... table-cloth? 7. I think we must put... fridge in the corner. 8. Where are ... tickets? ... performance begins in half an hour. 9. - Clean carpet. - But ... vacuum-cleaner is out of order 10. We accepted ... invitation with great pleasure. 11. Water ... flowers, ... water is in the jug. 12. Switch on ... light, ... light is very bad here. 13. Iron ... dress, will you? ... party begins very soon.
4. Объясните употребление артиклей с выделенными словами.
А.1.The rosewas approved of by the Congress of the USA as the National Flower.2.The avocadois the most caloric fruit eaten by humans. 3. The catwas first domesticated by ancient Egyptians. 4. The papayaisvery useful, it can make you look younger. 5. The mountain goat, which is often referred to as "the old man of the mountains", is not really a goat. It is an antelope. 6.The belladonna("beautiful lady") plantis both useful and dangerous to humans. 7.The cockroachis believed tobe the oldest insect on the Earth. 8. The Australian coala bearfeeds mostly on the leaves of the eucalyptus tree.
B.1.Anthropologyshows the development of man onthe Earth. 2.The diamondis the hardest natural substance known to man.3. In the short life of man,no lost time can be afforded. 4. Manproposes, God disposes. 5. The great destination of womanis toawaken love. 6.The pessimistsees the difficulty in any opportunity, the optimistsees the opportunity in any difficulty. 7. The atomwas known to the ancient Greeks. 8.The bicycleis a very popular means of transport in China. 9. The articleis a small word which means a lot. 10. Alexander Bell was a genius to invent the telephone.11. The brothers Lumiitr invented the cinema.12. The radiowas invented long before television.13. The gardenhas always been a religious symbol starting from the Koranand the Bible.