Тема В.4. The ABC. Алфавит
| Печатные буквы | Название букв | Примеры слов | Печатные буквы | Название букв | Примеры слов | ||
| транскрипция | транслитерация | транскрипция | транслитерация | ||||
| Aa | [ei] | (эй) | name ['neim] | Nn | [en] | (эн) | net [net] |
| Bb | [bi:] | (би) | box ['boks] | Oo | [əu] | (оу) (эу) | oak [əuk] |
| Cc | [si:] | (си) | cell ['sel] | Pp | [pi:] | (пи) | pen [pen] |
| Dd | [di:] | (ди) | dog [dog] | [kju:] | (кью) | quick [kwik] | |
| Ee | [i:] | (и) | Pete [pi:t] | Rr | [α:] | (ар) | rain [rein] |
| Ff | [ef] | (эф) | fox [foks] | Ss | [es] | (эс) | stone [stəun] |
| Gg | [dʒi:] | (джи) | page [peidʒ] | Tt | [ti:] | (ти) | tap [tæp] |
| Hh | [eit∫] | (эйч) | hello [he'lou] | Uu | [ju:] | (ю) | unit ['ju:nit] |
| Ii | [ai] | (ай) | ice [ais] | Vv | [vi:] | (ви) | vine [vain] |
| Jj | [dʒei] | (джэй) | job [dʒob] | Ww | [dʌblju:] | (дабл ю) | wind [wind] |
| Kk | [kei] | (кэй) | key [ki:] | Xx | [eks] | (экс) | extreme [ik'stri:m] |
| Ll | [el] | (эл) | letter ['letə] | Yy | [wai] | (вай) | youth [ju:θ] |
| Mm | [em] | (эм) | mouse [maus] | Zz | [zed] [zi:] | (зэд) (зи) | zipper ['zipə] |
Тема В.5 Соответствие русских букв английским при написании русских имён собственных.
| Аа | Aa | Жж | Zh | Нн | Nn | Фф | Ff | Ээ | Ee | - ай | -ai |
| Бб | Bb | Зз | Zz | Оо | Oo | Хх | Kh,kh | Юю | Yu,yu | - ая | -aya |
| Вв | Vv | Ии | Ii | Пп | Pp | Цц | Ts, ts | Яя | Ya,ya | - ий | -y(i) |
| Гг | Gg | Йй | Yy | Рр | Rr | Чч | Ch,ch | - ей | -ei | ||
| Дд | Dd | Кк | Kk | Сс | Ss | Шш | Sh,sh | - ия | -ia | ||
| Ее | Ee(ye) | Лл | Ll | Тт | Tt | Щщ | Shch | - ьи- | -yi- | - ой | -oy (i) |
| Ёё | Yo | Мм | Mm | Уу | Uu | Ыы | Yy | - кс- | -x- | -ый | -y |
Проверочное задание №6. Напишите своё имя, фамилию и место жительства по-английски. Write your name, surname (last name) and place of living in English.
Example: Динияр Билялетдинов, Москва – Diniyar Bilyaletdinov, Moscow
Learn to read
Ex 1 b [b], d [d], g [g], k [k], o [o], e [e], i [i], l [l]
Big, ill, kill, bed, egg, bell, dog, doll, kid
Ex 2 p [p], n [n], s [s], t [t]
Pen, pond, spend, sit, not, spot desk, leg, end egg, dog, big doll, ill, bell bed, kid, spell
Ex 3 f [f], m [m]
Sit, not, pot, let top, get, milk, film end, leg, bed, spend pond, desk, doll, bell dog, pen, kid, leg
Ex 4 r [r], h [h]
Red, rest, dress, trip hill, hen, hop, hot egg, film, get, pond milk, net, sit, not let, pot, end, ill
Ex 5 w [w]
Well, wet, west, twig lip, kiss, still, him trip, hill, dress, hot hen, hop, red, rest film, leg, spend, kid
Ex 6 a [æ]
Bag, flat, glad, man, mat still, wet, lip, him, hill not, let, ill, milk, dress film, pot, pond, net, frost trip, rest, hen, hot, red
Ex 7 c [k]
Can, cap, cat, cab, camp gas, hand, flag, bag, stamp end, it, get, dog, hill in, leg, film, desk, on men, hot, kid, spend, big
Ex 8 u [ʌ]
Cup, cut, club, bus, but, gun hut, hunt, drum, dust, run, sum still, belt, top, frog, tell, frost
can, spell, ten, cap, kiss, twig till, red, pot, sit, bell, doll pen, milk, best, hop, trip, wet
Ex 9 ng [ŋ]
Long, song, strong, gong ring, bring, sing, spring must, plum, sun, plus can, cap, mat, bag till, belt, top, frog ten, tell, frost, spell kiss, twig, still, red pot, sit, bell, doll pen, milk, best, hop trip, wet, hill, west
Ex 10 ck [k]
Back, black, pick, brick, stick, trick wing, song, ring, strong, spring, long bus, cup, fun, hut, club, dust lip, hen, cat, bag, tent, flag send, fat, stand, get, milk, on
Ex 11 ee [i:]
Bee, see, feet, deep, green, meet, sleep, steel, sweet, greet cock, clock, sock, duck, neck gong, bring, sing, long, spring ten, hunt, back, nest, frost drum, land, plum, till, hat run, but, plan, tram, sun spell, cannot, doll, kiss, cab
Ex 12 ea [i:]
Eat, meat, seat, clean leaf, lead, meal, speak sleep, street, sweep, deep pick, back, trick, black song, ring, long, strong man, cat, rag, dust net, hill, sand, club plus, glad, cup, tell lamp, gun, bad, end desk, kid, men, trip
Ex 13 sh [∫]
Brush, dish, fish, fresh wish, shelf, ship, shop mean, read, weak, tea bee, see, feet, steel bee, see, feet, steel kick, stick, clock, brick flag, top, mat, bus ring, stand, left, cup song, wing, sock, must spring, sad, sun, swim stamp, run, frog, can
Ex 14 ch [t∫]
Chess, chin, much, lunch bench, rich, chick, children brush, fresh, fish, dish clean, meat, eat, sweet, week meet, greet, back, bring, plum, hat from, camp, sell, pot get, drum, cock, rest pick, tap, best, well
tram, fun, flat, bell
Ex 15 ar [α:]
Arm, car, dark, barn far, park, mark, farm bench, rich, chick, children shop, ship, shelf, wish speak, lead, leaf, meal, green, fish, fat, stop tent, deep, hunt, west street, trip, meet, but egg, doll, wing, spring, bag, nest, run, spend
Ex 16 or [ɔ:]
Corn, for, form, fork born, horn, storm, sport dark, arm, far, park chin, chess, much, lunch fresh, fish, dish, brush tea, neck, greet, trick gong, weak, dust, sleep wet, plus, read, silk cat, steel, sun, mean kiss, tree, long, plan
Ex 17 oo [u]
Book, hook, look, took room, broom, good, wood corn, form, short, horn car, barn, mark, farm rich, chess, chick, bench
Ex 18 ir [ə:]
Girl, bird, first, shirt, skirt book, look, wood, broom, good for, fork, storm, horn, sport dark, arm, far, park, mark chess, much, lunch, chin, bench song, clock, read, feet strong, meet, cut, leaf speak, kick, rag, meal black, land, bring, stand
Ex 19 nk [ŋk]
Ink, pink, bank, tank, trunk shirt, bird, first, skirt, girl book, room, hook, cook, brook born, short, form, corn, storm arm, farm, car, garden, farm cap, chin, must, see, long duck, seat, fish, bench, spring fresh, lead, sock, plum, sing shelf, tea, gas, wing, end street, bee, drum, dress, cannot
Ex 20 th [ð], th [θ]
This, that, then, them, with thin, thick, three, think, third rank, bank, rink, drink, tank skirt, shirt, first, bird, girl good, wood, took, brook, look corn, carpet, red, rich, kick, sleep, song born, car, weak, ring, dish, let, chick meat, horn, bring, nack, plus, mark, in form, park, hop, mean, wish, sad, hut storm, mark, tree, greet, song, it, brush
Ex 21 ou [au], ow [au]
Count, sound, cloud, ground, shout brown, cow, now, down, how then, with, this, then, that fifth, teeth, thick, third, three drink, pink, trunk, rank, ink girl, but, hen, lunch, shop, for tell, first, sit, clean, storm, cook dark, sport, shirt, twig, steel, back children, ship, dog, eat, skirt, farm stick, sweet, hot, brook, run, bird
Ex 22 ay, ai [ei] ey [ei]
Day, gay, may, pay, paint they, grey, hey, prey, slay how, now, clown, brown, cow sound, ground, cloud, shout, count thin, thick, this, with, that bank, form, frost, hook, week, cock bird, bus, tank, horn, can, cannot hunt, car, bench, read, pick, on arm, book, shelf, chess, feet, still room, skirt, fork, fish, leaf, lip
Ex 23 o [ou]
Go, no, bone, home, nose, rose hey, they, grey, pay, day, paint town, clown, brown, how, cow, now blouse, trousers, shout, cloud, count, house then, them, fifth, with, three, third pink, barn, wish, meal, long cab strong, frost, garden, short, first, rank deep, brush, broom, shirt, gun, dust trick, leaves, man, took, much, meet has, pot, storm, chin, cat, stocking
Ex 24 e [i:]
He, she, we, these, Pete, me stove, note, sofa, home, nose, rose play, gay, may, prey, slay, they cow, now, how, town, clown, brown ground, sound, shout, blouse, trousers, count thin, drink, rich, fresh, sweep, black girl, thick, corn, sun, mark, dish sing, speak, trunk, chick, green, think camp, duck, look, that, bird, lead carpet, good, fun, horn, with, wing
Ex 25 a [ei]
Name game Kate skate cake make she we he Pete me these no go bone stove rose nose grey hey slay paint pay house cloud count now clown brown men fifteen tea ship children wood ring neck shop storm skirt weak chess kitten net cap cheese must park mat brook hot clock little plus from glad cup song farm
Ex 26 I [ai]
Nine fine I five Mike wide bathe plate table basin Kate make we she he me Pete these note sofa home rose stove bone they prey play gay may grey paint blouse this bank form hook brick bee town fifth car bench trousers lunch pay book three shirt how then first drum sport doll ink dark fish seat spring spell
Ex 27 u [u:], [ju:]
Blue glue true pupil student tulip I fine nine five wide Mike cake name skate he we me no nose go paint day pay ground sound shout cow now clown third rank for hut see brush cook clean much gong plum tank meet storm thin girl bad far with street chick him top shelf garden cut sock broom bird them
Ex 28 y [ai]
My by fly sky try cry tulip pupil student glue blue true Mike lie nine fine wide I game table basin she these Pete rose bone stone note sofa home hey count teeth chin stock wish this play pink read house first fork but carpet grey dish town may think took rich greet mark skirt brown that horn room run
Ex 29 y [j]
Yes yet yard yarn yell yelp fly cry sky my by try blue true glue pupil tulip student five dive wide lie fine dine bathe make plate Kate skate cake he drunk shirt look then go arm children steel bring grey trick cloud pay nose short bus fresh leaf lamp how gay me club prey
Ex 30 x [ks]
Six box fox Rex flax tax yoke yelp yell yarn yard yet my by sky cry fly try student glue true pupil blue tulip nine I Mike dine dive five basin we no they fifth cannot long middle flag kick mean paint sleep left clown till pond hey ship chess barn brook hunt drink bone corn Pete them bird name
Ex 31 oy [ɔi]
Boy toy coy hoy soy ploy Rex box six flax fox tax yes yoke yarn yard yelp yet note rose home grey hey prey play day may now cow town three with born trousers good ten farm shop bench that skirt sweet girl dust frog fish cab meal form gun wood third blouse park chick tree eat string get stocking
Ex 32 all [ɔ:l]
Ball small wall hall tall fall ploy soy hoy coy toy boy box Rex six tax fox flax yes yell yoke nose sofa stone sley hey they pay gay paint for brown bank thin fun feet think book shout brush tea can car storm bird ground lunch hook hop kitten rest sun black fifteen ink how belt first garden stamp
Ex 33 er, or [ə]
Dinner supper doctor teacher keeper butter fall tall hall wall small ball coy soy toy boy ploy hoy yet yelp yard six box flax no go bone prey grey they clown play sound thick shelf sweep back much ink may she then wing cat stop little pen flat meet dark count teeth day seat cow sport broom must shirt this
Ex 34 y [i], v [v]
Lorry twenty forty vet very cave mirror actor sailor hall fall wall boy coy soy ninety puppy Teddy dive visit vote dinner teacher butter ball small tall box Rex tax my fly cry blue wide game me note they now then tank storm chin cap dine bathe third plus wish cock these rose paint house lead think five room plate far week pupil
Ex 35 a [α:]
Grass class glass father basket bath visit vet cave very five dive thirty fifty seventy puppy lorry sixty supper doctor keeper mirror teacher sailor fox six flax ball wall tall try glue fork table fifth home cloud I bird rank he carpet Kate swim town rich sand weak dish dog cheese hey well spring tulip Mike we pay sky hat
Ex 36 ear [iə]
Near dear fear hear ear rear bath basket father class glass grass twenty forty ninety Teddy sixty lorry actor dinner tax boy Rex fall small hall soy boy coy yelp true fine basin stove three student nine she sley blouse trunk end milk frost land ring neck cook first make arm cry corner brown gay yarn Pete drum
Ex 37 o[ʌ]
Front some other brother mother colour rear ear hear fear dear near class basket father grass bath class thirty fifty puppy supper teacher mirror six ball toy ploy vail flax yes fly pupil dive skate me sofa prey how with pink skirt horn took part chess deep hut fresh trick fat cup hot ill song speak thin trousers day yoke
Ex 38 wa [wɔ]
Wash watch want water was waffle some colour other mother brother front fear ear hear rear near dear class grass bath seventy Teddy lorry sailor keeper dipper fox tax six wall hoy blue yard lie cake my these grey cow think plum nose ground girl corn greet play that drink children barn song ship dark best camp kiss meat
Ex 39 ow [ou]
Window yellow follow pillow shallow narrow was want water wash waffle watch front some brother other colour mother ear rear fear hear dear near twenty forty sixty glass father basket doctor fall soy name he rose shirt small butter yet box try may short we yell boy actor Rex paint brook sky game wide clown teeth bank chick they do dine coy hall shout mark
Ex 40 air [ɛə], ear [ɛə]
Chair hair fair pair stair pear bear wear tear swear arrow sparrow borrow elbow pillow water want wash watch was other some front mother brother ear bath ninety sailor no flax puppy fear ball pay bone sley by class near teacher ploy glue Pete now I bath tulip yarn thirty
Test
Big, kill, bed, egg, dog, doll, bell, kid, pen, pond, spend, sit, not, spot, red, rest, trip, hill, hen, hop, well, wet, west, bag, flat, man, mat, can, cat, cut, club, bus, but, hunt, strong, ring, bring, spring, deep, green, sleep, steel, clean, lead, meal, fish, fresh, wish, shelf, much, lunch, rich, chick, arm, car, far, park, form, fork, born, storm, hook, look, took, room, good, spoon, girl, bird, first, shirt, bank, tank, trunk, this, that, then, them, with, thin, thick, three, think, ground, shout, brown, now, may, pay, paint, they, grey, no, home, nose, she, we, name, game, skate, nine, fine, five, Mike, wide, blue, glue, true, student, my, fly, sky, try, yes, yet, yard, six, box, flax, tax, boy, toy, ball, small, wall, tall, dinner, supper, doctor, teacher, lorry, twenty, forty, vet, very, grass, glass, father, near, dear, hear, ear, some, other, brother, wash, watch, want, water, was, window, yellow, narrow, hair, pair, pear, bear, wear.
Text
.Farming today – the dream and the reality.
For many people the idea of a perfect farm is the one you often see on television commercials. These show fields of corn, one or two cows and a sheep happily grazing, and chickens scratching in the farmyard. The reality of modern farming is very different in many countries.
Small farms do still exist, but the demand for cheap food has forced many farmers in Britain to use intensive methods of farming. Animals like calves, pigs and chickens are treated as if they were on a production line of a factory, and so the term “factory farming” is now widely used.
One example of factory farming is the ‘battery hen’ system. In the past, hens were kept in the open farmyard during the day. They were allowed to walk around freely and were given space to scratch and to stretch their wings. At night they were put in hen houses.
By Alan Marsh
Grammar Reference
Тема В.6 Word order in the English sentence. Порядок слов в английском предложении:
Предложение в английском языке имеет строгий порядок слов, который необходим для точного выражения связей между словами. Обычный порядок слов в английском предложении таков: на первом месте стоит подлежащее, на втором сказуемое, далее следуют второстепенные члены предложения.
| подлежащее | сказуемое | дополнение | обстоятельство | ||
| действия | места | времени | |||
| I | am | a student | at college. | ||
| She | is | our manager. | |||
| My wife | lived | in Poland | two years ago. | ||
| This girl | is dancing | tango | professionally | at the club | tonight. |
2.1.1 Make the sentences changing the word order. Составьте предложения меняя порядок слов:
1. Germany/are/from/we. 2. they/students/are. 3. brother/in/lived/Paris/my/3 years ago. 4. Jane/ we/ Mike/are/and