Education in Great Britain and the USA.

1. In America, all children from six to sixteen go to school. They spend six years in “elementary” school, and four or six years in “secondary” or “high” school. School education is free.

2. Most schools have modern teaching equipment, like computers and closed circuit television, but there are also small country schools, with just one classroom. At the end of every school year, the child takes a test. If he does well, he goes into the next class (“grade”). If he doesn’t do well, he has to repeat the grade. At the end of their time at school, most students get a high school diploma. If they want to go on to college, they take college admission tests.

3. In Britain, all children from five to sixteen go to school. They spend six years in “primary” school, and then go on to a “secondary” school.In Britain there are state schools, which are free, and private schools for which parents pay. Many British private schools are “boarding” schools. The children stay at school all the time, and only come home in the holidays. They usually wear uniforms.

4. Teaching in both countries is usually quite informal. Students often work together in groups, and go to the teacher only when they need help.Nearly half of all Americans go on to college (a place of higher education) when they leave school. Some colleges are small, with only a few hundred students, but some of the big state universities are huge with up to 60 000 students. There are more then 2 600 universities in the USA, and nearly all colleges have both men and women students.

5. You can study many interesting subjects at college, in short or long courses, but if you want to get a degree, you have to study for at least four years. Classes start in September and go on to early June with a break in the middle.

6. In Britain, you can get a degree in a university, in a “polytechnic”, or in some of the many colleges of further education. There are more than 40 universities in Britain. There are also many colleges in Britain that teach English as a foreign language. Some have short courses (a few weeks or month), and some have one- or two-year courses.University classes start in September and go on until mid-June with two breaks, one at Christmas, and one at Easter. Most degrees take three years, but some take four.

Задание № 2.Ответьтенавопросы:

1) How long do children usually study in Great Britain and in the USA?

2) Do children go to “elementary” school in Great Britain?

3) Is education for children free in Great Britain and in the USA?

4) Why do students take college admission tests?

5) How can school leavers continue their education in Great Britain and in the USA?

Задание № 3.Прочтитетекст, раскройтескобки, употребиввыделенныеглаголывнужнойвидовременнойформе (PresentSimple, PastSimple, FutureSimple):

When I (1) (be) a school student I really used to admire our sports teacher – Mr Popov. I think I (2) (admire) him then because he was a sort of hero to us and also because he (3) (be) very tall. As far as I (4) (remember), he was in the national football team. Though I (5) (not think)he ever actually won a medal or anything like this. In fact, he (6) (be) a good teacher, we (7) (encourage) by him to do our best in sport.

He used to say “It (8) (not matter) if you win or not. The important thing (9) (be) to do your best”. He also (10) (teach) us a lot about health. We (11) (can) communicate with him for hours. We (12) (admire)him.

Задание № 4.Заполнитепропускивпредложенияхпредлогамиместа, времениидвижения:

1. What day do students leave … Rome?

2. What time do they arrive … Moscow?

3. I don’t like driving ….. night.

4. …… Saturday night I went …. bed ….. midnight.

5. What time do they get … Rome?

6. I’m going away ….. the end of the month.

7. There was a long queue of people …. the bus stop.

8. There was a list of names, but my name wasn’t ….. the list.

9. The students go ……. Marseilles ……… Thursday.

10. How long does it take to get … Moscow … NewYork.

Задание № 5.Впредложенияхвставьтеправильныепредлогипосле глаголов и прилагательных. В некоторых случаях предлог не требуется:

1. Ican’ttalk…..younow. I’llcallyouintenminutes.

2. Heissaving … foratriproundtheworld.

3. SarahwasborninIrelandbut grew …. In England.

4. Thecarbroke …. andIhad to phone for help.

5. How much do you spend ….. food each week?

6. I wrote ….. the hotel complaining …. the poor service we had received.

7. I don’t want to be dependent …. anybody.

8. The Italian city of Florence is famous …. its art treasures.

9. Who was responsible …. all that noise last night?

10. The film was different ….. what I’d expected.

Задание № 6.Напишитенижеприведенныепредложенияввопросительнойиотрицательнойформе:

1. YouweretaughtEnglishbyMr. Brown.

2. A number of important exercises is done in class every day.

3. This book is very often asked for.

4. Students have to study for at least four years to get a degree.

5. She prepared for her report in the library.

6. The translation can be done in three days.

7. The students must read all these articles

8. My sister has all necessary coursebooks.

9. The senior students will be in class at 2pm.

10. My friend was able to visit us last holidays.

Задание № 7. Заполните пропуски в предложениях, употребив прилагательные в скобках в необходимой степени сравнения:

1) My sister is the (tall) girl in her class.

2) Ann was a (quiet) student. She was much (quiet) than his sister.

3) This pretty girl is the (good) student in our group.

4) Who is the (attentive)student in your group?

5) The professor did not like an answer and as he listened to it, he became (angry) and (angry).

6) My cousin speaks (bad)than you do.

7) Please, be (careful) next time and don’t make the same mistake again.

8) Spanish is (easy)than German.

9) Your handwriting is now (good)than it was last year, but still it is not (good) as Mary’s handwriting.

10) This classroom is (large) and (light) than that one.

Задание № 8.Выберитеизданныхглаголов (а-d) тот, которыйбольшевсегоподходиткданномупредложению:

THE OPEN UNIVERSITY

The Open University (1) ........ in 1968 to give people who (2) …… afford to attend regular courses of study, the opportunity of studying and obtaining a university diploma or degree. They study at home and their academic performance (3) …….. by means of written examinations or project work. Most Open University students (4) …….. in study while also holding down a job or coping with a busy home life. They (5) ………… in order to update their job skills or personal satisfaction.

At the heart of most courses is a set of specially written and professionally printed textbooks and workbooks which students (6) ……… by post. On many of the courses, students (7) ……….. to watch television programmes on the BBC network, which (8) ........... in the early hours of the morning. The aim of these programmes (9) is ………. and broaden the study experience, so that students (10) ……….. only on the printed materials they are sent.

1. a) is created b) creates c) was created d) is to create

2. a) cannot b) might c) must d) were to

3. a)is assessing b) assessed c) assesses d) is assessed

4.a) are fitted b)fit c) cannot fit d) were fitting

5. a) studying b) study c) were studying d) shall study

6. a) may receive b) were receiving c) have received d) receive

7. a) are expecting b) expect c) might expect d) are expected

8.a) broadcast b) must broadcast c) are broadcast d) have broadcast

9.a) may develop b) develop c) to develop d) have to develop

10.a) are to rely b) are relied c) are relying d) do not have to rely

Задание № 9.Переведите предложения на английский язык:

1. Стихотворение было выучено наизусть.

2. В будущем году построят много новых школ.

3. Лекции этого знаменитого профессора всегда слушают с большим вниманием.

4. Не могли бы Вы повторить свой вопрос еще раз?

5. Завтра мы пишем тест по английскому языку, поэтому я должен к нему готовится сегодня.

6. Каждый день студенты посещают 3 лекции, которые начинаются в 8 утра и заканчиваются в 2 дня.

7. Мне пришлось прочесть много книг, когда я готовилась к докладу.

8. Я не могу смотреть телевизор с тобой, потому что я не сделал домашнюю работу.

9. Он может знать ответ на этот вопрос, но я не уверенна.

10. Вам следует работать усерднее, тогда вам удастся сдать экзамен хорошо.

Задание № 10.Употребите слова в скобках в необходимой по контексту грамматической форме и заполните пропуски в предложениях полученными словами:

Ialwayswantedtobeagreat (1) (science)Ihadthesedreamsofdiscoveringa (2) (revolution)newdrugthatwouldsavethelives of hundreds of people. Unfortunately, I was never very good at (3) (chemist) at school and I kept producing these horrible smells and the teacher used to get very cross with me.

After a while, I decided I would become an (4) (invent) and design an amazing new (5) (produce) which would become a household name. My parents were quite encouraging, but told me to be a little more (6) (real) and not quite so (7) (ambition). A few weeks later I had a brilliant idea for a pen that, at least (8) (theory), would write upside down. To my (9) (disappoint) a friend of mine pointed out that it was not a new (10) (discover).

Контрольная № 4

Вариант № 1.

Задание № 1. Прочтитетекстиписьменно переведитенарусскийязык:

SMART STUFF

1. Increasingly over the last fewyears, we have become familiar with the range of small electronic gadgets thatcome under the heading 'smart'accessories. Joggers, for example, runwith heart-rate monitors, and shopassistants carry pocket-sized computersbut these are just the first examples of awhole range of new products thatpromises to change our lives in all sortsof surprising ways.

2. As a scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Media Lab, Rosalind Picard tries out all kinds ofsmart accessories before they go on the market. One of these was the so-called “frown headband”. It came as a shock to Rosalind to realize just how often she frowned. Stuck in a traffic jam recently,waiting for the cars to move forward, Rosalind kept hearing the sounds of the tiny sensor inside the band worn around her forehead - each time she frowned in frustration, the sensor gave out a signal.

3. Headlands that check facial expressions are just one of the things she and her colleagues have designed. Their aim is to make ready-to-wear items that both look good and give thewearer useful feedback. Body sensors, like those in Rosalind's headband, can detect physical changes that the wearer might not otherwise be aware of. Hidden inside watches, rings or shoes,these sensors can check for signs of stress, give information and offer advice.

4. Another computer scientist, Steven Feiner, is working on a pair of glassesthat will do more than help you to see. Imagine you want to try a restaurant in a foreign city but you're not familiar with the dishes on the menu. If you are wearing a pair of Steven's glasses, allyou have to do is glance above the restaurant's doorway and your glasses will immediately become windows to the Internet, offering you full details of the meals served inside. Are you one of those people who lack confidence when giving a talk to an audience?Look to the right and the glasses will flash your notes in front of your eyes. They could alsoprove useful for cooks who want to check a recipe without leaving sticky fingermarks all over their cookery books.

5. At the moment, Steven's invention looks more like a pair of ski goggles than a pair of glasses. It's a headset connected to a hand-held computer and a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, which tracks the wearer's position. Students who don’t mindbeing stared at have tried out the Star Trek-like device on campus. But Steven says that these head-worn displays will eventually get smaller, lighter and smarter as technology improves. As they will be relatively cheap, he foresees them replacing the notebooks and manuals that workers have to carry. He predicts that they will be useful to surgeons, giving them instant access toa patient's medical notes while carrying out operations.

6. And, of course, this new technology has a fashionable as well as a useful application. A chemical engineer namedRobert Langer has invented a new microchip that, if put inside a ring, can give off different scents according to a person's mood. That, of course, may or may not appeal to you. And, in the end,it is shoppers, not scientists, who will determine which of. These smart accessories will succeed as fashionable items and which are destined to join history's long list of crazy inventions.Steven Feiner, concerned that vanity may prevent some people from wearing his glasses, is already working on the idea of contact lenses with the same features.

7. It is clear, however, that as small computer displays get brighter and cheaper, they will pop up in all sorts of easily-wearable accessories, even in the buttons on your coat. What's more, this is something that's going to happen a lot sooner than we all expect.

Задание № 2. Ответьтеписьменно навопросы:

1. What is the writer’s view of Robert Langer’s invention?

2. What does the writer think about “smart” accessories?

3. What is the current problem with Steven’s glasses?

4. Whose idea for a smart device seems to be the best?

5. What devices mentioned in the text could improve your life?

Задание № 3. Прочтитеи переведите текст на русский язык, раскройтескобки, употребиввыделенныеглаголывнужнойвидовременнойформе:

The way it was

Today the police (be) able to make use of all kinds of scientific and technological aids in their fight against crime.This (be) not always the case, however. In the early days of the British police force, during the nineteenth century, the police officer’s whistle (be) his main way of calling for help if he (get)into difficulty. Gradually, in the twentieth century, things (begin) to improve. Those police officers lucky enough to be given a patrol car rather than a bicycle (can) also take advantage of radio communications.

In 1903, a new system for identifying people by their fingerprints (bediscover). Although it soon (prove) to be one of the most significant developments in crime investigation, a search of the national fingerprint collection (can) take days, if not weeks, until computers(be introduce) in the 1970s.

Задание № 4. Заполнитепропускивпредложенияхпредлогамиместа, времениидвижения:

1. …… weekends, weoftengoforlongwalks …. the country.

2. I’vebeeninvited …. awedding …. 14 February.

3. My car is being repaired … the garage. It will be ready …. two hours.

4. Ittookmealongtimetofindajob. …. theendIgotajob …. ahotel.

5. I wasn’t sure whether I had come …. the right office. There was no name … the door.

6. My brother lives … a small village …. the south-west of England.

7. Myofficeis …. thetopfloor. It’s …. the left as you come out of the lift.

8. Iwasn’t …. whenyouphoned. I was … my sister’s house.

9. Mytrainarrives … 11.30. Can you meet me … the station.

10. Haveyoueverbeen … China?

Задание № 5. Впредложенияхвставьтеправильныепредлогипослеглаголовиприлагательных. Внекоторыхслучаяхпредлогнетребуется:

1. Why are you always so rude …your parents? Can’t you be nice … them?

2. I’ve been trying to learn English, but I’m not very satisfied …. my progress.

3. Helen works hard and she’s extremely good … her job.

4. I look stupid with this haircut. Everybody will laugh … me.

5. Whydidn’tyouanswer ….my letter?

6. I explained … everybody the reasons for my decisions.

7. I saw Sue as I was cycling along the road. I shouted … her, but she didn’t hear me.

8. Don’t listen …. what he says. He doesn’t know what he’s talking ….. .

9. I couldn’t find the street I was looking …, so I stopped someone to ask … directions.

10. I don’t want to discuss … what happened last night. Let’s forget it.

Задание № 6. Напишитенижеприведенныепредложенияввопросительнойиотрицательнойформе:

1. My friend locked himself out of his house yesterday.

2. My sister wears such strange fashions that everyone stares at her when she walks down the street.

3. We used to live in a small village, but now we live in London.

4. Your friend has won some money.

5. We were going to travel by train, but then we decided to go by car instead.

6. We managed to find the restaurant you recommended.

7. He has to get up at four.

8. The bus was late again.

9. There’s a lift in the building.

10. You missed a great party last night.

Задание № 7. Заполните пропуски в предложениях, употребляя составные предлоги и составные союзы в скобках,и переведите предложения на русский язык:

(although, in spite of, as long as, because, because of, instead of, thanks to, due to, according to).

1. The work is going on ….. theschedule.

2. ….. the establishment of new bus routes the passenger service in the city was improved.

3. Who can repair the car … him?

4. ….. computers we can process information millions times quicker.

5. ….. it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.

6. I went home ….. I was feeling unwell.

7. She only accepted the job … the salary, which was very high.

8. I managed to get to sleep …. there was a lot of noise.

9. ….. having very little money, they are happy.

10. I don’t mind if you come home late …. you come in quietly.

Задание № 8. Выберитеизданныхглаголов (а-d) тот, которыйбольшевсегоподходиткданномупредложению:

1. They would be offended if I ….. to the party.

a) Would go b) go c) will go d) didn’t go

2. If you took more exercise, you …… better.

a) Would feel b) feel c) will feel d) felt

3) What …. you do if you won a lot of money.

a) do b) did c) would d) are

4) If you … hard at your English you will pass your exam well.

a) works b) work c) will work d) worked

5) If I were you I ……. .

a) Agree b) don’t agree c) wouldn’t agree d) will agree

6) If we ….. new methods, we would have saved a lot of time.

a) Had used b) uses c) doesn’t use d) had been used

7) If you help me, I …. the engine in an hour.

a) Repair b) repaired c) will repair d) don’t repair

8) If I ….. you, I’d see a doctor.

a) Am b) are c) will be d) were

9) If you park here, you …. be find.

a) Are b) will c) was d) don’t

Задание № 9.Переведите предложения на английский язык:

1. Главный недостаток нового дизайна – его высокая, стоимость.

2. Его изобретение было признано во многих странах.

3. Если вы пойдете быстрее вы доберетесь туда через два часа.

4. Одним из главных достоинств этого самолета является его очень высокая скорость.

5. Я считал, что эта была хорошая идея, но он не согласился.

6. Если ты увидишь его сегодня вечером, скажи ему, что я хочу с ним поговорить.

7. Если ты мне одолжишь свою машину, я приеду на работу вовремя.

8. Если бы он пришел вчера, я бы попросила его помочь нам.

9. Что бы вы сделали завтра, если бы были свободны?

10. Если ты будешь шуметь, ты разбудишь ребенка.

SCIENCE 2002

‘Science 2014’ is the name given to an(IMAGINE)development which aims to make(SCIENCE)and technological developments exciting, even to people who thought they were (INTEREST)in the subject. As well as its main permanent(EXHIBIT), there is also a changing (SELECT)of educational programmes, such as sessions for schools and colleges, and adult (TRAIN) courses. Everyone can share the (EXCITE)of experiment and discovery. Even (EXPERIENCE) visitors can carry out simple experiments with the help of (SPECIAL), who are always available to give them all the (PRACTICE) advice and guidance they need. What’s more, the friendly staff are keen to provide a welcoming atmosphere.

Контрольная работа № 4

Вариант № 2

Задание № 1. Прочтитетекстиписьменно переведитенарусскийязык:

The coiled serpent

1. Bad weather often disrupts our well-ordered plans, but occasionally it can become so extreme and violent that it threatens our homes, possessions and even our lives. That is why scientists are always studying threatening weather conditions in the hope of finding better ways to predict more accurately where and when they might occur, so that timely warnings can be given and appropriate action taken to avoid damage and loss of life.

2. One of the worst weather hazards faced by people in tropical areas is the storm known as a hurricane or cyclone. This is a rotating storm about 800 kilometers across. Around one hundred of these storms form across the world’s ocean each year, causing an enormous amount of damage when they hit land. They are so frequent in the Atlantic that each one is given the name of a person, starting with the letter A at the beginning of the year and then working through the alphabet.

3. The process by which an ordinary rainstorm changes into a hurricane involves so many unknown factors that meteorologists can only identify what they think happens. In the Atlantic, the starting point for many such storms is a calm area known as the Doldrums. The calm is, however, deceptive because from time to time the stillness of the Doldrums is broken by violent thunderstorms. most of these storms travel thousands of miles westwards and just die out, but occasionally, for reasons that are unclear, one will develop into an extremely dangerous cyclone.

4. The movement and characteristics of these tropical hurricanes are closely monitored by satellites and radar as well as by aircraft, whose pilots fly bravely into the turbulent clouds of the hurricane to record wind speeds and air pressure. However, even with such detailed information, predicting the course of a hurricane remains extremely difficult.

5. It is nonetheless for forecasts to be accurate, because the question of when and how to best prepare for a hurricane is a tricky one. If the alarm is raised, whole communities may be forces to abandon their homes. If there are too many false alarms, people may decide not to bother leaving next time, with disastrous consequences. Obviously a short-term warning of, say, twelve hours is more likely to be accurate, but the time needed for evacuation is often considerably longer than that.

6. The treat to island and coastal communities from tropical cyclones comes from a combination of enormous wind speed, high seas and heavy rainfall. A measure of the potential violence of a hurricane is the air pressure in the centre of the storm. The lower the pressure, the stronger the wind speeds, the higher the seas, and the heavier the rainfall. In affected areas, low-lying coastal communities with high population densities are always working to be prepared for the worst.

7. Once they reach land, hurricanes begin to die, cut off from their source of energy, but they can give rise to tornadoes. These are black, twisting clouds that suddenly appear from nowhere, travel at terrifying speed, move in unpredictable ways and cause catastrophic damage in seconds. Their small size and brief duration makes forecasting when and where they are likely to strike extremely difficult.

Задание № 2. Ответьтеписьменно навопросы:

1. What kind of weather conditions are especially threatening?

2. How and why do they happen?

3. How do scientists predict these conditions?

4. Why is it difficult to make accurate predictions?

5. What should people do to prevent damage and loss of life?

Задание № 3. Прочтите и переведите текст на русский язык, раскройте скобки, употребив выделенные глаголы в нужной видовременной форме:

Global warming

The Earth’s climate (be) a very complicated system. What’s more, it is now widely recognized that human activity (be have) an effect on it. The pollution which results from the use of oil and coal in industry, as well as the increased use of private cars, (be cause) significant changes in temperature in many parts of the world. These changes often (have) a knock – on effect on other aspects of the climate, leading to things like extreme weather conditions and rising sea levels. Studying the changes which (be take)place and predicting those that are likely to happen in the future (be) now a major area of scientific research. The information which the scientists provide is very useful in helping governments to (predict) the effects of climate change and so be better prepared to cope with them.

A much more serious problem, however, is how to (prevent) the situation from (get)worse. This (depend) on how quickly, and to what extent, the amount of pollution in the atmosphere increases. Although many countries have now (agree) to try and limit the pollution they create, much more needs to be (do). If no further action (be take), then temperatures are set to rise by about 0.2% per decade during the 21^st century. Such a rate of warming is greater than anything that (haveoccur) over the last ten thousand years.

Задание № 4. Заполнитепропускивпредложенияхпредлогамиместа, времениидвижения:

1. It’ difficulttolistenifeveryoneisspeaking …. thesametime.

2. I’m busy just now, but I’ll be with you … a moment.

3. Are you going away ….the beginning of August or … the end?

4. Therewasalongqueueofpeople …. thebusstop.

5. Do you know that man standing ….the door?

6. Isyoursister ….thisphotograph? I don’t recognize her.

7. We got stuck in a traffic jam on our way … the airport.

8. Wehadlunch …. theairportwhile we were waiting for our plane.

9. Julia’s grandmother died recently …. the age 79.

10. I’mtired. AssoonasIget …. home, I’m going ….. bed.

Задание № 5. Впредложенияхвставьтеправильныепредлогипослеглаголовиприлагательных. Внекоторыхслучаяхпредлогнетребуется:

1. We waited ages …….. a taxi. We gave …..in the end and walked home.

2. The car broke …. and I had to phone for help.

3. A strange thing happened … me a few days ago.

4. Idon’tbelieve …. workingveryhard. It’snotworthit.

5. My present job isn’t wonderful, but I prefer it …. What I did before.

6. Doyouspendmuchmoney …..clothes?

7. The country is divided …. six regions.

8. Somewordsaredifficulttotranslate ….. onelanguage …. another.

9. What happened ….the money I lent you? What did you spend it …. ?

10. I wanted to go out alone, but my friend insisted …. coming with me.

Задание № 6. Напишитенижеприведенныепредложенияввопросительнойиотрицательнойформе:

1. They live on a busy main road.

2. There used to be a church here.

3. She had a great holiday.

4. We’ve got a problem.

5. I gave him a key to our house.

6. The police want to interview two men about the robbery last week.

7. Life has changed a lot in the last thirty years.

8. He never gets up before 9 o’clock.

9. My brother has always been very healthy.

10. We missed our train because we were waiting on wrong platform.

Задание № 7. Заполните пропуски в предложениях необходимыми местоимениями в скобках, и переведите предложения на русский язык:

(no, nothing, anybody, anything, something, somebody, any, nobody, some, ours, nothing,)

1. Idon’tremember…. abouttheaccident.

2. I shouted for help, but …. came.

3. Last night we went out with some friends of …..

4. Can I have ….milk in my coffee, please?

5. There’s ….. on at the cinema that I want to see, so there’s no point in going.

6. There’s …. at the door.

7. Ihaven’tgot …. money.

8. She didn’t tell …. about her plans.

9. We had to walk home because there were …. taxis.

10. I’mhungry. Iwant …. to eat.

Задание № 8. Выберитеизданныхглаголов (а-d) тот, которыйбольшевсегоподходиткданномупредложению:

1. If I won the lottery, I …. on an exotic holiday.

a) Will go b) would go c) went d) am

2. ….. we reached the station, the train had left.

a) By the time b) if c) whether d) as

3. We …. dinner when the phone rang.

a) Ate b) were eating c) has eaten d) was eaten

4. Jame’s car ….. last night.

a) Is stolen b) were stolen c) was stolen d) will be stolen

5. Colin …. his wallet stolen twice this year.

a) Will have had b) had had c) has had d) have had

6. Johnisveryhonest. Healways …. the truth.

a) Told b) say c) tells d) speak

7. He said he …… her the following day.

a) Calls b) had called c) would call d) will call

8. The police ……….. investigating the crime.

a) Is b) will c) are d) was

9. Simon said that he ….. a great time at the party.

a) Had had b) has had c) is having d) has

10. If I had locked up my bike, it …… have been stolen.

a) Would b) wouldn’t c) didn’t d) could

Задание № 9.Переведите предложения на английский язык:

1. Они живут в Париже с 1970 года и считают, что это самый красивый город в Европе.

2. Я думаю, что она вернется к концу недели.

3. Мне бы хотелось поговорить с г. Смитом. Извините, он сейчас занят, его интервьюируют.

4. Сколько дней вы работаете над своим докладом?

5. Он сказал, что хочет поехать в Японию, так как никогда там не был.

6. Двадцать лет назад мало людей понимали, что компьютеры будут частью нашей жизни.

7. Ее советы всегда полезны. Они очень мне помогают.

8. Какая ужасная погода. Идет дождь и дует холодный ветер.

9. Нам сказали, что мы сегодня свободны.

10. Ты знаешь, когда была написана эта статья?

1. Scientists are preparing a report and will publish their (conclude) next month.

2. There are fewer (differ) than you may imagine between apes and humans.

3. The dictionary gives a complicated (define) of intelligence.

4. You can often predict the weather by observing the (behave) of animals.

5. Tornadoes can have (disaster) consequences.

6. Forecasters rarely predict the weather very (accurate).

7. The students listened to the counsellor in (silent).

8. When I was a child I wanted to be an (explore).

9. There is so much noise and(pollute)in towns and cities.

10. I found the lecture about the environment very (inform).

Контрольная работа № 4

Вариант № 3

Задание № 1. Прочтитетекстиписьменно переведитенарусскийязык:

The greatest of All Time

1. The sixteenth-century Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci must be one of the greatest men who has ever lived. He is best remembered as a painter and a sculptor, but the extent of his abilities in other areas of knowledge is still a source of astonishment to scholars today. A recently published book describes him as the world’s first real scientist and shows just how great his achievements really were.

2. Leonardo’s imagination was so vivid, his thirst for knowledge so powerful, that he dreamt up inventions that, at the time, seemed quite impossible. He produced drawings, plans and diagrams of pieces of equipment which have come into being only in the last hundred years or so. For example, he worked out the principles for a parachute, a diving suit, contact lenses and the camera, long before the world was ready for them.

3. What drove Leonardo was his desire for information. Rather than accept what people at the time could understand and explain, he looked for a new understanding of how nature worked, gained through observation and experiments. Leonardo’s ideas remained largely unpublished and unknown for years after his death, however. Meanwhile, other people, ignorant of his findings, struggled to make the discoveries described in his notebooks all over again. If his ideas had been common knowledge, western science might have progressed much faster. For example, he had sketched designs for a telescope one hundred years before Galileo came up with the same idea.

4. Although Leonardo was a very good painter, and was in great demand, he was more interested in his experiments. He wrote details of these in his notebook. By nature, Leonardo was a secretive man and always suspicious that others might steal his ideas. So from the beginning, his notebooks were written in various codes, including one known as mirror writing, where the words are written in such a way that they can only be read in a mirror. Although Leonardo’s discoveries destroyed many theories which existed at the time, unfortunately, few of them came to light during his lifetime.

5. And, what’s more, all was nearly lost when he died in 1519. He entrusted the job of sorting out his notes to a young man called Francesco Melzi. But the task was beyond his capabilities. Melzi’s son, who inherited them, was equally unable to cope and abandoned them in an attic cupboard. When the notebooks were eventually rediscovered, there were 13,000 pages remaining, containing 1,500 diagrams and anatomical drawings. Some had, however, already been lost to treasure hunters. The pages are now divided between museums and libraries all over Europe.

6. One of the great mysteries of Leonardo’s character is that he started so much and finished so little. Only a handful of his paintings were completed, few of his inventions were ever made and the books he aimed to write remained unpublished. It’s almost as if he was involved in so many investigations, which led him on to even more unanswered questions, that he was never able to call a halt. Towards the end of his life, he must have realized that the world of nature was too large and complicated for even a brain like his to fully understand.

Задание № 2. Ответьтеписьменно навопросы:

1. Why were Leonardo’s inventions so remarkable?

2. How many people knew about Leonardo’s findings?

3. Why did he write his notes in such a way that others could not understand them?

4. What did Leonardo care about most?

5. Were Leonardo’s ideas published?

Задание № 3. Прочтите и переведите текст на русский язык, раскройте скобки, употребив выделенные глаголы в нужной видовременной форме:

The home of the future

Before the 1800s, few homes (have) any luxuries. Devices like vacuum cleaners and dishwashers only (appear) in the 1900s. Until then, all housework (have) to be done by hand and this took a very long time. The home of the future (will be design) to offer its inhabitants a secure, comfortable and adaptable environment. Architects and engineers will take advantage of advances in electronics. They will create living spaces that can easily be altered by the occupants. Intelligent devices will play an important role in many houses. Robot cleaners and ‘smart’ exercise machines that can monitor health will be as common as today’s microwave ovens and washing machines. Experts (predict)that by 2025, the average home will have as much computing power as a nuclear power station in the 1990s. Computers will be small and cheap and we will be (can)to have them everywhere. They will be able to sense our presence and adjust the light and temperature automatically, according to our needs. By 2015, designers (will have create)furniture that can change shape and colour. They may (have design) a robot vacuum cleaners which detects dirt and it cleans it up automatically.

Задание № 4. Заполнитепропускивпредложенияхпредлогамиместа, времениидвижения:

1. I don’t go … work … Sundays.

2. My son was born … Christmas Day … 10:30 pm … 1998.

3. Have you ever been ……. Chine?

4. I’mtired. AssoonasIget ….. home, I’m going ….. bed.

5. What time does this train arrive …. London.

6. He’llbeback …. aweek.

7. I’llmeetyou …. theentrance …. thehotel.

8. Have you seen this picture ….today’s paper?

9. I last saw her ….. David’s wedding.

10. Whatareyoudoing ….home? I expected you to be … work.

Задание № 5. Впредложенияхвставьтеправильныепредлогипослеглаголовиприлагательных. Внекоторыхслучаяхпредлогнетребуется:

1. She smiled … me as she passed me by … the street.

2. What happened … the picture that used to be … that wall?

3. The police is responsible … maintaining law and order.

4. I’m sorry … being late.

5. The economy of Russia mostly depends … oil and gas.

6. I want to listen … the radio. Can you turn it … ?

7. A stranger approached … me … the street and asked me … money.

8. I’m interested … football, but I’m not very good … basketball.

9. He insisted … visiting Peter.

10. He got angry and shouted … me.

Задание № 6. Напишитенижеприведенныепредложенияввопросительнойиотрицательнойформе:

1. By that time we had already changed our plans.

2. The new engine is being tested in the laboratory.

3. We had to find a safe place for the pictures.

4. He was allowed to use the mobile equipment.

5. The book is as interesting as you think.

6. The child wanted to be taken seriously.

7. They insisted on the question being reconsidered.

8. There are always some problems to be solved.

9. I shall have to take a local train.

10. Before the experiment the substances are mixed in a large cup.

Задание № 7.Раскройте скобки, переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на условные придаточные предложения:

1. If I (not have)a car, I won’t spend so much money on petrol.

2. She’ll phone her mother when she … (get) to London.

3. I’ll cook dinner when I … (get) back home.

4. We’ll leave as soon as the baby-sitter … (arrive).

5. We’ll do our Christmas shopping as soon as we … (be paid).

6. He’ll be a lawyer when he … (grow) up.

7. I … (help) you if I have time.

8. You can wait here until she(come).

9. He’ll go out after he … (finish) his job.

10. He … (leave)as soon as he received the telegram.

Задание № 8. Выберитеизданныхглаголов (а-d) тот, которыйбольшевсегоподходиткданномупредложению:

1. What …. you do if you won lots of money?