Косвенные команды, просьбы и так далее.

1. Косвенные команды, просьбы и т. д. образуются: V + дополнение (к кому обращаются) + to + infinitive.

They told us to go away.

We offered to take them to the airport.

Heurged the miners to go back to work.

She persuaded me to have my hair cut.

I advised the Prime Minister to leave immediately

Примечание

1. Say не используется. Вместо него идет ask ... to или told ... to и так далее.

2. Обратите внимание на отрицательную команду. Ставьте not перед to.

He told me not to tell anyone.

The police warned people not to go out.

Обратите внимание, что tell используется и в косвенных утверждениях и в косвенных командах, но форма разная:

Утверждения

He told me that he wasgoing.

They told us that they were going abroad.

She told them what had been happening.

Команды

He told me to keep still.

The police told people to move on.

My parents told me to tidy my room.

4. Ask используется и в косвенных командах и вопросах, но форма разная.

Команды

I was asked to attend the interview.

He asked me to open my suitcase.

She asked me not to smoke.

Вопросы

He asked me what I did for a living.

I asked her how much the rent was.

She asked me why I had come.

5.3. Самостоятельная работа по теме:

Вставьте правильную форму глаголов say или tell:

1. Is something wrong? Can you ………. me about it?

2. If I were you, I wouldn’t ………. anything to the police about your suspicions until you have more evidence.

3. That little boy is very bad. He always ………. a lot of lies!

4. I never know what to ………. to people when they pay me a compliment.

5. Richard ………. Sarah that he was having a party on Saturday night.

6. To ………. you the truth, I don’t like it.

7. Please ………. you’ll forgive me. I’m really sorry for all the trouble I’ve caused.

8. I’m ready to serve the meal. Can you ………. the children to go and wash their hands, please?

9. When I was introduced to the actor he ………. a few words to me.

10. He often ………. things like that.

5.4. Итоговый контроль знаний:

Перепишите следующие предложения в косвенной речи:

1. He said, ‘I’m going to the station’.

2. ‘We’ve decided to spend our holidays in Jordan,’ they told us.

3. Jill said, ‘I’ll go to the bank tomorrow.’

4. ‘This meal is delicious,’ Tom said.

5. Tina said, ‘You should exercise regularly.’

6. ‘We won’t be visiting Tom this evening,’ Sam told us.

7. ‘You must leave early tomorrow,’ she told me.

8. ‘I can’t go out tonight,’ she said to me.

Обратите внимание на многозначность лексемы ‘mean’ и её производных, переведите предложения на русский язык:

Лексическая единица	Часть речи	Значение
Mean	прилагательное	Средний
Mean	существительное	1. среднее число, средняя величина; 2. середина
To mean	глагол	1. означать, значить; 2. иметь в виду, намереваться; 3. предназначать(ся); 4. думать, подразумевать
Meaning	существительное	Значение, смысл
Means	-*-	Средство, способ
By means of …	-*-	Посредством, при помощи
By all means	-*-	Во что бы то ни стало; конечно, безусловно
By no means	-*-	Никоим образом, ни в коем случае, отнюдь не …
Meaningful	прилагательное	1. осмысленный, 2. значительный
Meantime	наречие	Тем временем, между тем
Meanwhile	-*-	Тем временем, между тем

1. Mean levels were within normal range.

2. The mean dosage of the medicine was 320 mg/day.

3. These means are used in assessing the results.

4. The effects mean that the concentration is high.

5. This means that the tooth should be removed.

6. A clear understanding is needed by all means.

7. This anodyne has a lot of side effects and by no means can be recommended.

8. For the meaning of this word consult a dictionary.

9. In the meantime the doctor examined the bad tooth.

ТЕСТОВЫЕ ЗАДАНИЯ ПО ТЕМЕ:

Перепишите предложения, используя косвенную речь:

1. ‘Where are you gong?’ asked Tom.

Tom asked me …………………………………………………………

2. ‘Where are you going to spend the holiday?’ asked Mike.

Mike asked ……………………………………………………………..

3. ‘What will you do when you leave school?’ asked Jennifer.

Jennifer asked …………………………………………………………..

4. ‘How did you know my name?’ the nurse asked the doctor.

The nurse wanted to know ……………………………………………...

5. ‘Do you have an appointment?’ asked the clerk.

The clerk asked …………………………………………………………

6. ‘Have you seen my car keys?’ Bernard asked his wife.

Bernard wondered ………………………………………………………

7. ‘Why didn’t Isabel phone me?’ asked her brother.

Isabel’s brother wanted to know ………………………………………..

8. ‘Will you carry my briefcase for me please, Rosemary?’ Richard asked.

Richard asked …………………………………………………………...

9. ‘When can I see the doctor?’ Charles asked the receptionist.

Charles asked ……………………………………………………………

Ситуационные задачи по теме:

Прочитайте диалоги и закончите предложения, используя косвенную речь:

a) A woman: Can I speak to Paul, please?

You: Paul has gone out. I don’t know when he’ll be back. Do you want to leave a message?

A woman: I’ll try again later.

A woman phoned at lunchtime yesterday and asked …… . I told …… and ……. I asked …… but she said …… later. But she never did.

b) A receptionist: We have no record of any reservation in your name.

You: Do you have any rooms free anyway?

A receptionist: We’re sorry, but the hotel is full.

I went to London recently, but my visit didn’t begin well. I had reserved a hotel room, but when I got to the hotel, they told me ……. When I asked ……, they said ……, but……. There was nothing I could do. I just had to look for somewhere else to stay.

6. Домашнее задание для уяснения темы занятия:

Контрольные вопросы по теме занятия:

Изучите значения общенаучного слова ‘pattern’. Переведите предложения со словом ‘pattern’ на русский язык, учитывая его многозначность:

Pattern – 1. шаблон, образец, модель, пример, признак;

2. рисунок, картина;

3. система;

4. структура, схема, конфигурация;

5. характер, стиль, особенность.

1. There is a general pattern in practically any form of systematization.

2. On reinvestigation this pattern was found in one patient.

3. The distribution pattern is described in Chapter 2.

4. The pattern does not distinguish between the contribution of bronchitis, cigarettes, smoking, ageing and infections.