II. Read the text and do the test below.

Travel Wise

Many of us look forward to our summer holidays all year. We can’t wait to get away from our everyday lives, to visit new places, try new things, or just to relax and lie in the sun. But how many of us think about the effect our holidays have on the places we visit?

Although tourism has many benefits, such as bringing extra money into the local economy, there are also negative effects. Tourism can do all sorts of damage to the environment, the culture and the people of a country, especially in places which aren’t prepared for large numbers of holidaymakers. In recent years there has been a large increase in the number of independent travellers who want to get off the beaten track, and this has meant that many remote destinations are having to adjust to new visitors.

It certainly isn’t all bad news though. The last few years have also seen a huge increase in “eco-tourism”. This is tourism where holidaymakers try to have a positive effect on the people and places that they visit. If you are really committed to this idea, then you can spend your holidays helping out on an organic farm in Britain, or taking part in conservation projects in Africa or the Amazon rainforest. Don’t worry, though, if this doesn’t sound like your idea of a holiday. Wherever you go and whatever you want to do, there are still ways to make sure that you have best possible impact on your holiday destination.

If you are going to a place for the first time, it is an excellent idea to find out as much about it as you can. A guidebook is a great place to start. As well as learning about the local places of interest, you can read about the way you will be expected to behave and dress. This can save you from making embarrassing mistakes. Knowing a little about the place that you are visiting before you leave can make your holiday much more enjoyable when you arrive.

It is also important to think about how you spend your money when you are on holiday. Whenever you can, try to put it into the local people’s hands. You can do this by eating and drinking local products rather than imported brands, staying in locally owned accommodation and using local guides. In some parts of the world, you might be relatively well off compared to the local population. Even in places where you are expected to bargain, you should always pay a fair price for things. Remember that what might be a very small amount of money to you, can make a big difference to some people.

Another important thing for the eco-tourist is to have as little effect on the local environment as possible. Don’t leave litter lying around and use biodegradable products whenever possible. If resources like water or fuel are in short supply, then use as little of these as you can. If you are lucky enough to visit a truly exotic destination such as a coral reef, remote mountain or desert region, or a rainforest then you should try to leave it exactly as you found it.

Eco-tourism organizations say that respecting the culture and environment of the places that you visit will lead to much more rewarding and enjoyable holidays. If we try to encourage the local economy, leave the environment undamaged and are aware of the different laws and attitudes in the places we visit, then all of us can enjoy our ‘eco-holidays’ much better now and in the future.

1. Tourism does the most damage in countries

a. where there has been an increase in eco-tourism.

b. which aren’t ready for a lot of tourists.

c. where there are a lot of people travelling on their own.

d. which have a strong local economy.

2. What is meant by ‘eco-tourism’?

a. Helping out on organic farms.

b. Helping to conserve the rainforests.

c. Having a positive effect on the environment.

d. Helping places to get used to new visitors.

3. What should you do before you take your eco-holidays?

a. Buy a guidebook.

b. Learn how to dress.

c. Find out about the local attractions.

d. Learn about your destination.

4. How can a tourist help the economy of a country?

a. Bargain for everything they buy.

b. Buy the goods and services provided by the local people.

c. Pay a fair price for everything

d. Buy expensive imported brands.

5. What is meant by ‘can make a big difference to some people’ ?

a. You can change their lives.

b. You can help to preserve their local environment.

c. You can help them to have a better life.

d. You can be fair.

6. What do eco-tourist organizations say about tourism?

a. If we show consideration for the place and people, we will have a more satisfying holiday.

b. If we visit unusual places, we should leave them just as we found them.

c. If we have a holiday in a new place, we should make sure we will be welcome there.

d. If we visit a foreign country, we should try to support the local economy.

7. The writer’s attitude to eco-tourism is

a. interesting

b. disappointing

c. unusual

d. supportive

III. Choose a or b.

1. I don't know why he's not ___ progress with his English.
a doing
b making

2. Начало формыGood students hate ___ spelling mistakes.
a doing
b making

Конец формы

3. Начало формыShe'll have her hair ___ before she goes to the party.
a made
b done

Конец формы

4. Начало формыDon't ___ so much fuss over having to type the report again.
a do
b make

Конец формы

5. Начало формыThey ___ fun of her because she couldn't pronounce the word correctly.
a did
b made

Конец формы

6. Начало формыCould you please ___ me a favor?
a make
b do

Конец формы

7. Начало формыThose two companies don't like to ___ business with each other.
a make
b do

Конец формы

8. Начало формыIt won't ___ her any harm to stay up a little later.
a do
b make

Конец формы

9. Начало формыThey ___ a great effort to get what they wanted.
a made
b did

Конец формы

10. Начало формыTo ___ him justice, we must admit that his intentions were good.
a do
b make

Конец формы

11. Начало формыAfter a few drinks, he often ___ a scene in the bar.
a does
b makes

Конец формы

12. Начало формы___ the most of your stay in Paris visiting the famous museums.
a Make
b Do

IV. Choose a or b.

1. ___ largest city in England is London.
a. A
b. The

2. The river ___ runs through London is the Thames.
a. which
b. what

3. The Victoria and Albert, The Great British, and The Science are all famous museums ___ London.
a. on
b. in

4. Nearly 400 years ___ a fire destroyed most of the city.
a. ago
b. since

5. Heathrow and Gatwick are the two airports ___ London.
a. for
b. of

6. Most London taxis ___ black.
a. is
b. are

7. London taxi drivers have to learn ___ street in the city to pass the exam to become a "cabbie".
a. all
b. every

8. The public transport to big towns and cities ___ fairly good.
a. is
b. are

9. The coach is usually cheaper ___ the train, but of course takes longer.
a. then
b. than

10. The famous red London buses are called "double deckers" because ___ have two floors.
a. they
b. it

V. Choose a or b.

1. The United Kingdon is often shortened ___ the U.K.
a. from
b. to

2. The U.K. is also known ___ Great Britain.
a. of
b. as

3. The U.K. is made ___ of four different countries.
a. over
b. up
c. around

4. ___ are Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and England.
a. It
b. These

5. Someone ___ Scotland isn't English.
a. from
b. of

6. They are ___ Scottish or British.
a. either
b. neither

7. ___ people from England are English.
a. Only
b. Every

8. There are many differences ___ the four countries.
a. between
b. of

9. However, they are all ruled by one King or Queen and one Parliament ___ is based in London.
a. who
b. which

10. The flag of the UK is known as ___ Union Jack.
a. the
b. an

11. The flag is red, white and blue and made up of ___ flags of Scotland, England and Wales.
a. a
b. the
c. it

12. The U.K. has the 15th largest population ___ the world.
a. of
b. inIV.I