Ex. 22. Substitute that or those for the repeated noun.
1. The pictures painted by Rembrandt and the pictures painted by Rubens have very little in common. 2. The language in plays is usually easier and more simple than the language in novels. 3. The music of Bach is more impressive than the music of Hendel. 4. The stories written by O'Henry are as full of life as the stories written by Mark Twain. 5. Cream made of natural substance is better than cream made artificially. 6. Scarlet's eyes met the eyes of Grandma. 7. The trees in our garden are taller than the trees in the park. 8. His eyes were melancholy as the eyes of a monkey. 9. The disappointment in her voice was the disappointment of a child. 10. The climate of Moscow is better than the climate of St. Petersburg.
Ex. 23. Use one of the demonstrative pronouns in the following sentences.
1. She gave me the... answer as before. 2. What do you want me to do with...? 3. His mental level at the time of his death was... of a four-year-old child. 4. Do you see... trees on the other side of the river? 5. Well ...'s exactly what I was about to do. 6. Don't be in... a hurry. 7. He used to go to the... cafe to have a snack. 8.... is what I told you yesterday. 9.... is life. 10.I have divided the books into two piles.... are to be kept.... are to be sold. 11. I have had... a busy day! 12. Mv services ... as they are, are at your disposal.
Ex. 24. TranslateintoEnglish.
1. В те первые весенние дни погода стояла великолепная. 2. Это очень толстая книга. Боюсь, за неделю я ее не осилю. 3. Она говорила о своих делах, а он рассказал ей, что он делал в тот день на работе. 4. Этот дом, действительно, в ужасном состоянии. 5. В тот день я болел и не был на занятиях.
Indefinite Pronouns
Ex. 25. Insert some or any.
1. We certainly don't want... trouble. 2. There is... milk in the jug. 3. There aren't... trains until morning. 4. Why do you ask if there is... news? 5. She looked everywhere for gloves but couldn't find. 6. Have you... money? - Yes, I have....7. He wants... more meat, Jane. 8. Tanya is mm h younger than... other girls in her class. 9. When I needed help, he didn't ask questions. 10. Have you... cheese?
Ex. 26. Insert some, anv or their compounds.
1. I know... about them. 2. What exactly lie was going to do neither he nor... else quite knew. 3. Is there... you want there, Tom? 4. Did you see... that would be of... use to me? 5. If... man wants to raise a beard, let him. 6. I didn't realize there is... here. 7. You may have... tea without milk because there isn't... at home. 8. I shall be very much surprised if... is wrong. 9. Is... at home? 10. If... asked my reason for existence, what should I tell them?
Ex. 27. TranslateintoEnglish.
1. На столе есть масло? - Да, есть. 2. Если у них и было, что сказать, то они не говорили. 3. У вас есть друзья на Дальнем Востоке, - Да есть. 4. Тетя пыталась рассказать нам что-то приятное. 5. Мы ничего не видели, так как в комнате было темно. 6. Я зайду к вам, если вам что-нибудь понадобится. 7. Сегодня в вашем диктанте нет ошибок. 8. Катя, ты освободилась, я хочу тебе что-то сказать. 9. Мы что-то можем для вас сделать, 10. Можно, я угощу вас бананами? - Спасибо, я не хочу.
Ex. 28. Insert no, none or their compounds.
1. ... answered her as she addressed... in particular. 2. There are... pears on the tree . 3. Every body liked him.... was afraid of him. 4. It was cold outside the house and he looked up and down for a taxi but there was... in sight. 5. I had turned to him for support and we had to say to each other. 6. I have ... time to go to the cinema with you. 7. … of those attitude, were stated at this meeting. 8. That afternoon he was answerable to … 9. There is … bread and... forks on the table. 10. Juliasaid…
Ex. 29. TranslateintoEnglish.
1. Она решила никою не приглашать к себе до приезда родственников. 2. Не о чем сожалеть, Николай. 3. Если вам нечего делать, идите гулять. 4. Мы никого не знали на этом вечере. 5. В кромешной темноте ничего не было видно. 6. Никто из детей еще не встал. 7. На тарелке есть масло, но нет сыра. 8. Никто не сказал мне об этом. 9. На платформе стояло несколько детей и никого из взрослых.
Ex. 30. Comment on the proverb: Two is a company, three is none.
Ex. 31. Retell the joke.
a) A little boy: I'm drawing a picture of God.
His mother: But you cannot do that. No one has seen God. No one knows how God looks.
The boy: Well, when I get through, they will.
b) - Am I not a man of many abilities? - You are indeed but none of them is working.
Числительное / Numeral
The chief classes of numerals are cardinalsand ordinals.
1. Cardinal Numerals (one, two, three, four, etc) are used in counting, answering the question “How many?”
I had to pay twenty rubles. There were thirty-two students in the classroom.
Mind the spelling of the following cardinal numerals: thirteen, fifteen, eighteen, forty, fifty, and eighty.
Read the following numerals correctly: 101-one hundred and one, 200- two hundred, 1,001-one thousand and one, 10,001-ten thousand and one, 100,000-one hundred thousand. Writing numbers of more than four figures, we separate every three ciphers by commas counting from the end.
All cardinal numerals may become nouns and take a plural ending.
The nine played an excellent game. They formed by fours. Thousands went to the meeting.
Million is the only numeral that can take the plural form when multiplied and not followed by another numeral, but then it is used as a noun and followed by the preposition of: Five million inhabitants orfive millions of inhabitants. Eight million workers or eight millions of workers.
Certain things, e.g. eggs, bread rolls, oranges, are often bought in dozens.
The plural form of dozen, hundred and thousand is used when no numeral precedes: in these cases the numerals dozen, hundred and thousand are substantivized: Dozens of eggs, two dozen eggs; hundreds of students, a few hundred students; thousands of books, several thousand books.Hundred, thousand and million must be preceded by a or one; one is generally used when smaller numbers follow: a hundred, one hundred and forty-five.
Mind the following:a) To count by dozens, hundreds, thousands; also by the hundred, by the thousand; b) A dozen-12, a score-20, three score-60; c) Half-an-hour; three miles and a half or three and a half miles; a quarter of an hour.
The word oddmay be used with round numbers over twenty to give an approximate figure: It’s hundred odd pounds (about) She is sixty odd. (About 60 years old)
The suffix -ish, the words or so and or thereabouts can also be used when giving approximate numbers: He is sixtyish. I’ll meet you nineish. It cost a hundred pounds or so. He’s arriving on the seventh or thereabouts.
Mind the pronunciation of the figure 0 (nought/zero) in different spheres.
In tennis and similar games, the word love is used (originally from French meaning “the egg”) – the figure 0 is egg-shaped. a) Eight minus eight leaves nought. b) If you add a cipher to 50, you will have 500. c) The temperature has fallen below zero. d) They beat them 2:0 (two nil, two to nil). e) Becker leads by two sets to love (2-0) (in tennis) f) 66503=double six-five o (ou)-three (telephone number) (In American English zero is used nearly everywhere.)
Even numbers are: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 … .
Odd numbers are: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 … .
Remember the following patterns: She is a girl in her teens. In the thirties of the last century British industry expanded rapidly. They walked in threes and fours. The child was walking on all fours.
2. Ordinal Numerals (first, second, third, fourth, etc.) denote the position or order of persons or things in a series; they answer the question “which?’
Most of the ordinal numerals are formed from cardinals by means of the suffix –th (seventh, fourteenth, twentieth) except first, secondand third.
Mind the spelling of fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth. Mary sits in the first row. He plays the second violin. It is our fourth lesson.
Ordinal numerals are usually preceded by the definite article: The first lesson is much more difficult than the second.
The indefinite article may also be used with ordinal numerals in the meaning of an additional one: The second voyage he made was the most adventurous one. Two years later he made a second voyage.
In ordinal groups only the last member of the group takes the ordinal forms: thirty-fifth, two hundred and second.
Mind the following: Page 3, the third page, page three; the third act, Act Three .Mozart’s thirty-ninth symphony – Symphony No.39, by Mozart, the third day of the course – Timetable for Day Three.
Floors. The ground floor of a British house is the first floor of an American house; The British first floor is the American second floor, etc.
Ex.1. A)Write in letters: 3, 13, 30, 4, 14, 40, 5, 15, 50, 8, 18, 80, 12, 100, 226, 705, 1000, 4568, 6008, 75137, 425712, 1306527, 2032678.
B) Find 17 numerals.
· O N I N E A S I X H
· W I S T N F I V E U
· T N C H O D X E F N
· F E N R E G T I I D
· O T W E L V E G F R
· U Y H E I J E H T E
· R X S E V E N T Y D
· S I X T Y K V Y L O
· B X Z R E Z E R O F
· E L E V E N T Y B U
Ex.2.TranslateintoEnglish: 1. Пятьдесяткилограммов. 2. Триста автомобилей. 3. Шестьдесят один грамм. 4. Два миллиона тонн. 5. Сотни ящиков. 6. Тысяча книг. 7. Двести восемьдесят один доллар. 8. Тритысячирублей. Ex.4 Write the ordinal numerals from the following cardinal: 1, 11, 21, 2, 12, 20, 3, 13, 30, 4, 14, 40, 5, 15, 50, 6, 16, 60, 8, 18, 80, 9, 19, 90, 100, 103, 300, 425, 705, 1000, 1015.
3. Fractions. In fractional numbers the numerator is a cardinal and the denominator is an ordinal (used as a noun): two-thirds, three sixths; ¼=a (one) quarter, 2 ¼ =two and a quarter, ½=a half, 2 ½=two and a half, ¾=three quarters (of an hour), 3 ¾=three and three quarters, 7/10 mil - seven tenths of a mile.
More complex fractions can be expressed by using the word over. 317/509 three hundred and seventeen over five hundred and nine.
Decimal fractions: 1.62=one, point (decimal) six, two; 45.987=forty five point nine eight seven.