Контрольные работы Контрольная работа № 1.

Контрольные работы Контрольная работа № 1.

[роработайтеследующие разделы по учебнику: глаголы to be, to have , порядок слов повествовательном, вопросительном и повелительном, предложении; основные I видовременные формы английского языка в активном и пассивном залоге; глаголы с 1 приставками; инфинитив глагола; инфинитивные обороты; модальные глаголы; артикль; указательные, притяжательные, неопределенные местоимения; [ существительное: образование множественного числа, сложные существительные; I степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий; числительные: порядковые и I количественные; предлоги, словообразование; причастие I и II ; виды придаточных предложений.

После проработки указанного материала, приступайте квыполнению вашего варианта контрольной работы.

Вариант № 1.

I. Вставьте вместо пропусков нужную форму глагола «to be» или «to have»

[l.She ... in her last year at school. 2. Tom ... a new car. 3. She ... a white dress. 4. Her name ... Lucy. 5. They ... a nice cottage. 6. She ... from Russia.

II.Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

I.You are ... first-year student. 2. ... fish is more useful than ... meat. 3. Bill is ... best student in our group. 4.1 prefer to go on ... foot. 5. ... Red Square and ... Kremlin are ... heart of Moscow. 6. Give me ... cup of ...tea, please.

III. Выпишите предложения, действие в которых происходит в настоящем времени (Present
Simple), переведите их на русский язык.

11.This is my house. 2. He will be an accountant in future. 3. It was very dark in the room. 4. They will make reports at the next lesson. 5. She traveled around Europe last summer. 6. We are four in the family.

IV. Выпишите предложения, действие в которых происходит в прошедшем времени (Past
Simple), переведите их на русский язык.

1. Не is a bookkeeper by profession. 2. She came home late. 3. They will pass exams in May. 4. I watched ] an interesting film on TV yesterday. 5. I'll go ona business trip next Monday. 6. Lena is my sister.

V. Выпишите предложения из заданий III и IV, действие в которых будет происходить в
будущем времени (Future Simple).

VI. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам

l.Kate and Iwork together. 2. I live in a new flat.3. Shehas a lot of English books at home. 4. They are leaving tonight.5. There are fourseasons in a year. 6. He spends summerat the seaside.

VII. Употребите неопределенные местоимения: "much", "many", "some", "any", "a few", "little".
Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.Shehas ... beautiful dresses. 2. He drinks ... coffee and ...tea. 3. There are ... pictures on the wall. 4. Is (there... bread left⁷ 5. There were ... students in the reading hall. 6. She does ..., but speaks ....

Fill. Переведите словосочетании, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных: а

loreinteresting place, a warm climate, beautiful lakes, the most important cities, famous universities, and tie deepest river.

X. Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно и ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Great Britain.

Great Britain is situated to the north of Europe on the British Isles. It is made up of England. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The official name of the country is the United Kingdom (UK). Great Britain is separated from the continent by .the English Channel and is connected with many countries by sea. The climate of Britain is mild and warm because of the Gulf Stream. Most of the mountains are in the north, in Scotland, but they are not very high. Scotland is also famous for its beautiful lakes. The rivers in Great Britain are not long but many of them are deep. The longest rivers are the Clyde and the Thames. London, the capital of the country, is situated on the Thames. It is divided into three parts: the West End, the East End and the City.

The West End is a historical part of London. You can visit many interesting places here: the National Gallery, Trafalgar Square, Westminster, the Houses of Parliament, Hyde Park, etc. The West End is full of museums, art galleries, the best theatres, cinemas, expensive clubs and shops.

The City is a small area, but it is the business and commercial heart of London. Very few people live there. All main banks and offices are situated in the City. In the centre of the City there is the Tower of London and ST. Paul's Cathedral.

The East End is an industrial part of London. Many enterprises and docks are situated here. The most important industrial cities are: Manchester, Leeds, Bristol, Edinburgh, Birmingham and others. Cambridge and Oxford are famous university cities.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. The official head of the state is the king or queen. But the power of the monarch is limited by Parliament, which is made up of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Members of the House of Lords are appointed, and members of the House of Commons are elected by the people. Parliament makes laws.

The head of the Government is the Prime Minister, who is the leader of the party in power. Downing Street No. 10 is the residence of the Prime Minister of Great Britain.

At present there are four main political parties in Great Britain: the Conservative, the Labour, the Liberal and the Social-Democratic Party.

The official language of Great Britain is English. It is now spoken in many countries of the world: the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, India and others.

Questions:

l.Where is Great Britain situated? 2. What countries is it made up of? 3. What is the official name of the country? 4. What is the capital of Great Britain? 5. Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy, isn't it? 6. Who is the head of the state?

Контрольная работа №1 Вариант №2

I. Вставьте вместо пропусков нужную форму глагола «to be» или« to have»

1.1 ... a teacher. 2. Nick ... from Moscow. 3. She ... many friends. 4. She ... a young lady. 5. They many relatives. 6. He ... two pets at home.

¹²

Canada

Canada has an area of nearly ten million square kilometres. Its western coast is washed by the Pacific

Ocean and its eastern coast- by the Atlantic Ocean. There are many islands in the north of Canada.

Canada has mountains, high plains and low plains. Canada is a country of lakes. Besides the Great Lakes,

which lie on boarder with the USA, there are many other very large lakes, for example, Great Bear Lake,

Great Slave Lake and Lake Winnipeg.

Canada also has large rivers: the Mackenzie, the Yukon, and the St. Lawrence.

The Niagara Falls is one of the most splendid sights in the world.

Canada has several climatic regions. Winter in Canada lasts from four to five month with heavy snowfalls.

The north of the country near the Arctic is tundra with great forests to the south. The centra] plains form

the prairies.

The population of Canada is over 24 million people. There are 330,000 Indians and 25,000 Eskimos, who

livemostly in the North.

The capital of Canada is Ottawa. Other large important towns are Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver,

Edmonton, Hamilton, Winnipeg and Quebec.

Machine-building , motor-car, ship-building, hydro-electric industries are highly developed.

Canada is a federal state and a member of the Commonwealth. Formally the head of the state is the King or jQueen of England, represented by the Governor-General, who is named by the Canadian cabinet.

[The leading figure in the political life of the country is the Prime Minister.

Canada consists of the provinces of Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Colambia and Yukon and the North-West [Territories.

The Federal Parliament consists of the Senate, whose members are appointed by the Governor-General and the House of Commons whose members are elected by the people for a period of five years. The cabinet is headed by the Prime Minister.

■The seat of the Federal Parliament and government is Ottawa, the federal capital.

There are several political parties, which are represented in Parliament: the Progressive Conservative Party, the Liberal Party and the New Democratic Party. They differ mostly in policy, their attitude to the USA, to the question of the French and English elements of the population and to provincial policies.

Questions

11. What country is Canada? 2. What is the population of Canada? 3. What branches of industry are highly developed⁹ 4. What kind of state is Canada? 5. How many Houses does the Canadian Federal Parliament consist of? 6. Who is the head of the state and of the government?

Контрольная работа №1 Вариант №3

I. Вставьте вместо пропусков нужную форму глагола «to be» или «to have»

1.This ... my sister. 2. They ... a nice Hat. 3. Ann ... eighteen. 4. My father ... a hobby. 5. ... you busy now? 6. ... you got any questions?

II. Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. What... beautiful weather we are having today! 2. ... London stands on ... Thames. 3. She has ... blue eyes and ... fair hair. 4. lie is ... handsome young man. 5. My sisters are ... students. 6. My father is ... doctor.

III. Выпишите предложения, действие в которых происходит в настоящем времени (Present
Simple), переведите их на русский язык.

1. We learn many subjects at college, 2. He will finish the university next year. 3. They had practice at school. 4. They will pass four exams next term. 5. She was an actress. 6. He is my friend.

IV. Выпишите предложения, действие в которых происходит в прошедшем времени (Past
Simple), переведите их на русский язык.

1. The Tyumen Region is the largest in Russia. 2. It was a quiet town. 3. She will be an economist. 4. Tyumen was founded in 1586. 5. There will be a concert at college. 6. They are from Tyumen.

V. Выпишите предложения из заданий III и IV, действие в которых будет происходить в
будущем времени (Future Simple), переведите их на русский язык.

VI. Задайте вопросы к выделенным словам.

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1.1 usually get up very early. 2. They have tea and cakes for breakfast. 3. He goes to college by bus. 4. She is a student of the second course. 5. They have a family. 6. He is my best friend.

VII. Вставьте неопределенные местоимения " some", "any", "much", "many", "little", "a few".

1. The Smiths have ... money. 2. He has ... English books. 3. She has ... time. 4. Have you got ... lessons today? 5. I've just made ... coffee. Would you like ... ? 6. Have they got ... relatives abroad?

VIII. Переведите словосочетания, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:

the largest country, the longest river, the highest peak, various metals, the official language, a more beautiful place.

IX. Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно и ответьте на вопросы.

The United States of America.

The USA is the 4ⁿ largest country in the world after Russia, Canada and China. The country consists of 3

parts: the continental part is in the center of the North American continent. The outlying territories are

Hawaii and Alaska. The total area of the USA is over 9 mln sq. km. The country borders on Canada in the

north and Mexico in the south. It also has a sea-border with Russia.

Three oceans wash the country: the Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific. The country has many lakes,

including the Great Lakes and many rivers, the longest of which are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the

Columbia and others. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Appalachian, the Cordillera and

the Sierra Nevada. The highest peak, Mount McKinley, is in Alaska.

The climate conditions are rather various. The country is rich in natural and mineral resources: oil, gas,

iron, ore, coal and various metals.

The USA is a highly developed industrial and agricultural country. The main industrial branches are

aircraft, rocket, automobile, electronics, radio engineering and others.

Americans are made up from nearly all races and nations. The countiy population is over 260 mln. The

official language of the state is English. The national symbol of the USA is the national flag ''Stars and

Stripes¹", having 50 white stars and 13 white and red stripes on its field, symbolizing the number of the

original and present day states.

Officially the country comprises 50 states and 1 District of Columbia. The states differ in size, population

and economic development. Each state has ils own capital. The capital of the USA is Washington. It is

situated in the District of Columbia on the banks of the Potomac River and is named after the 1^st US

President - George Washington. There are many large cities in the country: New York, Los Angeles,

Chicago. Philadelphia, Detroit, San Francisco, Boston and some others.

The USA is a federal state, headed by the President. According to the US Constitution the powers of the

Government are divided into 3 branches: legislative, executive and judicial.

The legislative power belongs to the Congress consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

The Senate represents the states while the House of Representatives - population. The executive power

belongs to the President and his Administration (Vice-President and Cabinet of Ministers). The judicial

power belongs to the Supreme Court and the system of federal courts.

There are several political parties in the USA. The largest of them are the Republican (symbolized by a

donkey) and the Democratic (symbolized by an elephant).

Nowadays the USA is one of the leading powers of the world due to its economic, political and military

influence.

Questions

1. What power is the USA? 2. On what countries does it border? 3. The USA is a highly developed country, isn't it⁹ 4. What is the population of the country? 5. What kind of state is the USA? 6. What are the main branches of industry?

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Контрольная работа № 1. Вариант № 4.

Australia.

Australia is an English-speaking country. It is on the other side of the world. The Commonwealth of Australia includes continent of Australia, the island of Tasmania and a number of smaller islands. It has an area of about eight million square kilometres.

The continent of Australia is mostly a great plain with mountains in the east and southeast. The western part of the continent forms a plateau, which occupies half of the continent. The central Lowlands, a great part of which is very dry. lie between the Western Australian plateau and the Eastern Highlands. Through the eastern part of these Central Lowlands run Australia's greatest rivers, the Murray and the Darling. A number of short rivers flow from the Australian Alps and the Blue Mountains into the Pacific Ocean. What will you find if you go to Australia? It will seem to you an upside-down world. New Year is in the middle of summer, the middle of winter is in June, and the winter months are never cold. Hot winds blow

from the north, cold winds blow from the south. The native trees such as the eucalyptus, the bottle tree, look very strange, and they never lose their leaves in winter.

Australia is a land of birds and wild animals, which cannot be found in other parts of the world. They are lie emu, the kangaroo, the koala, the echidna the dingo and many others.

What about the climate? The sun shines brightly in winter and it is very hot in summer. There is not much rain in many parts of the country.

Today there are more than 15 million people in Australia; most of them are of British origin. There are five big cities in Australia: Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth and Brisbane. Each city is the japital of the state in which it is situated. They are also the main ports, fiotor-car, machine-building, clothing and food industries are highly developed. Agriculture is the main occupation in Australia: wheat growing, fruit-growing and sheep-farming. The Commonwealth of Australia is a self-governing federal state and a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Formally the head of the state is the King or the Queen of England represented by the Governor-General.

The Commonwealth of Australia consists of six states and two territories: New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania, the Federal Capital Territory and the Northern Territory. The Capital Territory is the land around the Federal Capital, Canberra.

The states run such things as education, police, health, railway and roads; the Commonwealth looks after [he army, posts and telegraph, relations with other countries.

Australia has a parliament in each state and the Federal Parliament of the Commonwealth at Canberra. The Federal Parliament consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Prime Minister, usually the leader of the party, which has the majority in the House of Representatives, heads the federal government of the country. The political parties represented in the parliament are the Australian Labour Party, the Liberal Party of Australia and the National Agrarian Party.

Questions

1. What can you say about the landscape of Australia? 2, Why is it called an upside-down world? 3. What tare animals and birds can be found only in Australia? 4. What is the capital of Australia? 5. What branches of industry are developed in Australia? 6. What kind of state is Australia?

Контрольная работа № 2Вариант № 1

I. Переведите предложения с модальными глаголами и их заменителями.

I.You may sit down. 2. She can run quickly. 3. He must do homework every day. 4. He will have to do Ithis work. 5. They will be able to read English books in a month. 6. He couldn't understand a word.

II. Составьте рекомендации по технике безопасности. Употребите глаголы в повелительном

наклонении:

to be attentive, to put on protective clothing, to safeguard eyes, to keep power source outside the welding area, to use metal coating, to remove all combustible materials

III. Перепишите и переведите письменно предложения и словосочетания, обратите внимание

на многозначность предлогов.

1. Jim always asks after your health. 2. They have never asked out to dinner with them. 3.1 was born in a small town in the north of_England. 4. There is a big castle (замок) in the center of town and a few fine churches. 5. There are some pictures on the wall 6. There are a lot of cars on the road.

17

Safety Engineering

This field of engineering has its object the prevention of accidents. Safety engineering develops methods

and procedures to safeguard workers of dangerous occupations. Safety engineering is necessary in any

production.

Welding process of any kind can be dangerous not only to the operator but to any person situated near

equipment, if safety rules are not strictly observed. They include: precautionary measures for an operator,

fire prevention and the right arrangement of the welding process, electromagnetic compatibility.

Safety measures for an operator.

Operators should protect their body by wearing closed, non-flammable protective clothing, without pockets

or turned up trousers: a non-flammable helmet, safety glasses, protective sleeves, shoulder guard, three or

five-fingered welding gloves, leather apron, and a shin guard.

Safety measures for the welding process

The welding process must be performed on metal coatings thoroughly cleaned from layers of rust or paint,

to avoid production of harmful fumes.

Welding should never be done on metals or coated metals containing zinc, mercury, chromium, graphite,

lead, cadmium or beryllium unless the operator and the people standing at the same area use an air-supplied

respirator.

Before connecting the power source to the line, closely follow the instructions: a two-pole switch must be

inserted before the main outlet; the single-phase connection with ground must be made with a two-pole

plug compatible with above- mentioned socket.

When working in a confined space, the power source must be kept outside the welding area and the ground

cable should be fixed to the work piece. Never work in a damp or wet area.

The power source must never be operated without its panels; this could cause serious injury to the operator

and damage the equipment.

Fire prevention.

Fire prevention devices should be available near the welding area. Remove all combustible materials from

the welding area. Use the correct shielding gas for welding process, Make sure that the regulator mounted

on the cylinder is working well. Keep away the cylinder from any source of heat.

Electromagnetic Compatibility

Before installing a power supply cables, check the following:

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• make sure that there are no other power supply cables, control lines, telephones cables or other
devices

• telephones, TV, computers or other control systems are not in the working area

• people with pace-maker or hearing-prosthesis are far from the power source

• a qualified person first aid technique is present in the working area

fa person is unconscious and electric shock is suspected, don't touch the person. Disconnect power from the machine and then use First Aid. Dry wood and other insulating materials can be used to move cables away from the person.

Wordlist

to safeguard, to protect защищать, оберегать

. helmet шлем

protective sleeves защитные рукава

shoulder guard наплечник

welding gloves краги

leather aprons кожаный фартук

shin guard защита голени

mercury ртуть

lead свинец

power source источник тока

combustible горючий

compatibility совместимость

Контрольная работа № 2 Вариант № 2

Wordlist

particle частица

nucleus ядро

chargeзаряд

electriccurrent электрический ток

conductorпроводник

insulator диэлектрик

direct (alternating) current постоянный(переменный) ток

electric circuit электрическая цепь

amber янтарь

Контрольная работа № 2 Вариант № 3

Прописью.

1. They have 4 pairs every day. 2. He studies on the 2^nd course. 3. There are 5 flowers in the vase. 4. In his garage there are 3 cars. 5, The diagram of voltaic cell is number 9. 6. Each eel! produces an emf of 1,5 volts.

VII. Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно и составьте план.

Wordlist

electrical current

to measure

voltage

potential difference

conductor

resistance

electrical power

to calibrate

to connect in series (in parallel)

a shunt

электрический ток

измерять

напряжение

разность потенциалов

проводник

сопротивление

сила тока

градуировать

соединять последовательно (параллельно)

переключение

Контрольная работа № 2 Вариант № 4

|. Переведите предложения с модальными глаголами и их заменителями.

. Can you tell me the right time? 2. He was not able to get there in time. 3. I shall be able to come on Saturday. 4. May I trouble you to explain me this problem? 5. Smoking is not allowed here. 6. He must be ill.

II. Ваш друг собирается снимать квартиру у ваших знакомых. Составьте для него
рекомендации, употребив глаголы в повелительном наклонении:

to keep the flat clean, to put out light when you go out, not to smoke in the flat, to pay money in time, not to disturb neighbours by loud music, not to bring too many friends

III. Перепишите и переведите письменно предложения и словосочетания, обратите внимание
на многозначность предлогов.

1. What problems did he deal with in his report? 2. We'll have to deal with the traffic problems. 3. You should do away with lying and doing nothing. 4. The house was done up by them. 5. Our city is situated on the bank of the Tura River_6.On the other side of the river there are some low, green hills.

Прописью.

.. It's a 3 bedroom flat. 2. Take the 2ⁿ turning on your right. 3. This bus goes every 20 minutes. 4. It's 8 o'clock. 5.1 have 3 sisters and 2 brothers. 6. my native town was founded 300 years ago.

VII. Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно и составьте план.

Power Transmission

A transformer is an electrical device by which the electromotive force of a source of alternating current

may be increased or decreased. They are widespread in long-distance power transmission as well as in

telephones, radio transmitters and receivers, television etc.

Nearly all transformers come under one of the two following classes: step up, and step down transformers.

In the transmission of electrical energy over wires for a long distance, transformers are practically

indispensable.

At the powerhouse in the distant mountains, for example, huge alternating current generators at the

relatively low voltage of several thousand volts generate electric current

If an attempt were made to transmit this electrical energy, at a voltage of say 2,200 volts, over many miles

of wire cable to a distant city, the current would be so large that nearly all of the energy would be

consumed in heating the power line. The heat generated (it should be remembered) is proportional to the

square of the current.

To avoid large heal losses, transformers at the powerhouse step the voltage up to some 220,000 volts before switching the current onto the power line. Since the voltage in the case cited is increased one hundred fold, the current drops by the same proportions to one-hundredth. Since the square of 1/100 is 1/10.000, the heat loss along the transmission line is only one ten thousandth of what it would have been had the transformer not been used.

At the city end of the power line, a transformer substation steps the voltage down to something like its original value of 2,200 volts. From there branch lines distribute the power to various sections of the city where smaller transformers, one near each group of several houses, step it down again to the relatively safe ioltageof 110to220volts.

Wordlist

step up (down) увеличивать, повышать (понижать)

powerhouse электростанция

current ток

voltage напряжение

Контрольная работа № 3

Проработайте по учебнику следующие разделы: 1. причастие I и II; 2. страдательный залог; Шсложные существительные; 4. придаточные предложения, 5.возвратные местоимения.

Вариант № 1.

I. Перепишите сложные существительные, подчеркните в них основное слово; переведите их
на русский язык.

a powerhouse, an aircraft, sunglasses, a weekend, a birthday, a newspaper

Questions

1. What are metals? 2. What properties do they have? 3. What do the properties of the metals depend on? 4. What changes the size of grains in metals? 5. What are the main processes of metal forming?

Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант № 2

I. Перепишите сложные существительные, определите основное слово; переведите их на
русский язык.

a classroom, a tape recorder, a chairman, a textbook, a housewife, a raincoat

II. Образуйте причастие I от следующих глаголов, переведите словосочетания на русский
язык.

a (to design) company - a designing company, a process (to weld), a treatment (to heat), a (to use) method, an (to illustrate) experiment, time (to take)

Wordlist

to corrode разъедать, ржаветь

rusting ржавление

stainless (rust-proof) нержавеющий

to resist сопротивляться

tough крепкий, жесткий, выносливый

forging ковка

welding сварка

cuttingtools режущие инструменты

manganese марганец

case-hardening упрочнение цементацией

tungsten вольфрам

to immerse погружать

quenching закалка охлаждением

annealing отжиг, отпуск

tempering отпуск после закалки, нормализация

Questions

1. What are steel and its main properties? 2. What kinds of steel do you know? Where are they used? 3. What can be made of steel? 4. What are the methods of steel heat treatment? 5. What makes steel more malleable and ductile?

Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант № 3

I. Перепишите сложные существительные, определите в них основное слово; переведите на
русский язык.

a post- office, a bus-stop, a fountain - pan, grandparents, a policeman, a foreman

II. Образуйте причастие I от следующих глаголов; переведите словосочетания на русский
язык

a (to bore) film - a boring film,a (to sit) man, a (toplay) boy, girls(to talk), students (to pass exams), children (to write a dictation)

Залога.

1. The book was bought by me. 2. English is spoken in many countries. 3. They were sent on a trip abroad. 4. Important questions are discussed by our State Duma every day. 5. The answer will be sent immediately. 6. These books will be used by them till the end of the year.

VI. Перепишите предложения, обратите внимание на придаточные предложения; переведите
их на русский язык.

1. They will all be surprised, if I come in time. 2. If no one came to help, we should be obliged to do the work ourselves. 3. If my sister hadn't gone to St. Petersburg, we should have spent the summer at the Black Sea. 4. If my friend is at home, he will tell us what to do. 5. If he had worked hard, he would have achieved great progress. 6. I would write a composition long ago, if I had enough time.

VII. Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно и ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Welding

Welding is a process when metal parts are joined together by the application of heat, pressure or a combination of both. The process of welding can be divided into two main groups:

• pressure welding, when the weld is achieved by pressure and

• heat welding, when the weld is achieved by heat

Heat welding is the most common welding process used today.

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Nowadays welding is used instead of bolting and riveting in the construction ofmany types of constructions, including bridges, buildings, and ships. It is also a basic process inthe manufacture ofmachinery and in the motor and aircraft industries. It is necessary almost in all productions where metals are used.

The welding process depends greatly on the properties ofthe metals, the purpose of their application and the available equipment. Welding processes are classified according to the sources of heat and pressure used: gas welding, arc welding, and resistance welding. Other joining processes are laser welding, and electron-beam welding.

Gas Welding

Gas welding is a non-pressure process using heat from a gas flame. The flameis applied directly to the metal edges to be joined and simultaneously to a filler metal in the form of wire or rod, called the welding rod, which is melted to the joint. Gas welding has the advantage of using equipment thatis portable and doesn't require an electric power source. The surface to be welded and the welding rod are coated with flux, a fusible material that shields the material from air, which would resist in a defective weld.

Arc Welding

Arc welding is the most important welding process for joining steels. It requires a continuous supply of

either direct or alternating electrical current. This current is used to create an electric arc, which generates

enough heat to melt and create a weld.

Arc welding has several advantages over other welding methods. Arc welding is faster because the

concentration of heat is high. Also, fluxes are not necessary in certain methods of arc welding, The most

widely used arc-welding processes are shielded metal arc. gas-tungsten arc, gas-metal arc, and submerged

arc.

Wordlist

pressure welding сварка давлением

arc welding электродуговая сварка

resistance welding контактная сварка

laser welding лазерная сварка

electron-beam welding электронно-лучевая сварка

to shield заслонять, защищать

bolting скрепление болтами

riveting клепка

Questions

1. What is welding? 2. What are the two main groups of welding? 3. Where is welding necessary? 4. What do the welding process of today include? 5. What are the principles of gas and arc welding?

Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант № 4

I. Перепишите сложные существительные, определите в них основное слово; переведите на
русский язык.

a railway, a seaman, a postman, a classmate, a schoolboy, a shop-assistant

II. Образуйте причастие I от следующих глаголов, переведите словосочетания на русский язык

(to pass by) people - passing by people, a girl (to write on the blackboard), the sun (to rise), people (to gather), a (to paint) man, a (to work) crane

III. Употребите возвратныеместоимения

1. He wants to build a house ... .2. She cleaned the flat.... 3. You will finish the work... . 4. Look at ... in the mirror. 5. We shall tell her everything ... .6. Help ... !

IV. Образуйте от глаголов причастие II, переведите словосочетания на русский язык.

an (to establish) institution - an established institution, goods (to sell), parts (to machine), electrodes (to use), heal (to obtain), operations (to mechanize)

V. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на видовременные формы страдательного

залога.

1. Keys were lost yesterday. 2. The letter will be sent tomorrow. 3. Is she often asked? 4. Your question will be answered tomorrow. 5. 1 was offered an interesting job. 6. The dish is made with good taste.

VI. Перепишите предложения, обратите внимание на придаточные предложения; переведите
их на русский язык.

1. Не goes out when the weather will get warmer. 2. If he had known the timetable he wouldn't have missed the train. 3. It would be better if you learned to drive a car. 4. I would have sent a letter to you if I had known your address. 5. If 1 were you I wouldn't buy tickets beforehand. 6. If I have spare time, we shall go to dance.

1VII,Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно и ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Resistance Welding

In resistance welding, heat is obtained from the resistance of metal to the flow of an electric current. Electrodes are clamped on each side of the parts to be welded, the parts are subjected to great pressure, and a heavy current is applied for a short period of time. The point where the two metals touch creates resistance to the flow of current. This resistance causes heat, which melts the metals and creates the weld. Resistance welding is widely employed in many fields of sheet metal or wire manufacturing and is often used for welds made by automatic or semi-automatic machines especially in automobile industry.

Non-consumable Electrode Arc welding

As a non-consumable electrodes tungsten or carbon electrodes can be used. In gas-tungsten arc welding a tungsten electrode is used in place of the metal electrode used in shielded metal-arc welding. A chemically inert gas. such as argon, helium, or carbon dioxide is used to shield the metal from oxidation. The heat from the arc formed between the electrode and the metal melts the edges of the metal. Metal for the weld may be added by placing a bare wire in the arc or the point of the weld. This process can be used with nearly all metals and produces a high-quality weld. However, the rate of welding is considerably slower than in other process.

Shielded Metal Arc welding

In shielded metal-arcwelding, a metallic electrode, which conducts electricity, is coated with flux and connected to a source of electric current. The metal to be welded is connected to the other end of the same source ofcurrent. Touching the tip of the electrode to the metal and then drawing it away forms an electric arc. The intense heat of the arc melts both parts to be welded and the point of the metal electrode, which supplies filler metal forthe weld. This process is used mainly for welding steels.

Gas-Metal Arc welding

In gas-metal welding, a bare electrode is shielded from the air by surrounding it with argon or carbon dioxide gas and sometimes by coating the electrode with flux.The electrode is fed into the electric arc, and melts off in droplets that enter the liquid metal of the weld seam. This process can join most metals.

Submerged Arc welding

Submerged-arc welding is similar to gas-metal arc welding, but in this process no gas is used to shield the weld. Instead of that, the arc and tip of the wire are submerged beneath a layer of granular, fusible material that covers the weld seam. This process is also called electroslag welding. It is very efficient but can be used only with steels.

Wordlist

resistance welding контактная сварка

gas-tungsten welding сварка оплавлением вольфрамовым электродом

среде инертного газа

gas-metal arc welding аргонодуговая сварка

carbon dioxide углекислый газ

to submerge погружать

Questions

1.What kinds of welding can be used for joining steels? 2. What is the difference between the arc welding jand non-consumable electrode arc welding? 3. How is electrode protected from the air in gas -metal arc welding? 4. What is submerged arc welding? 5. What is the principle of resistance welding?

Список литературы:

1.И. П. Агабекян, П.И. Коваленко «Английский для инженеров». Серия
«Учебники и учебные пособия» Ростов-на-Дону «Феникс» 2002 г.,
320 с.

2. Г. Выборова, К. Махмурян, О. Мельчина «Easy English» базовый курс.
Учебник для учащихся средней школы и студентов неязыковых вузов.
Москва «ACT - ПРЕСС» 2001 г., 384 с.

3. Г. Выборова, К. Махмурян «Сборник упражнений по английской
грамматике». Москва «ACT- ПРЕСС» 2000 г., 176 с.

4.Ю. Голицынский «Грамматика. Сборник упражнений». КАРО Санкт-Петербург 2002 г., 544 с.

5.М.Э. Еникеева, А.В. Зеленщиков «Английский для самостоятельной работы» Санкт-Петербург 2000 г.

6. А.В. Парахина «Пособие по переводу технических текстов с
английского языка на русский: Для средних специальных учебных
заведений. Москва «Высшая Школа» 1982 г., 191 с.

7. А.П. Старков, P.P. Диксон, Б.С. Островский "English 7ⁿ year". Санкт-
Петербург «Специальная Литература» 1998 г., 364 с.

Контрольные работы Контрольная работа № 1.

[роработайтеследующие разделы по учебнику: глаголы to be, to have , порядок слов повествовательном, вопросительном и повелительном, предложении; основные I видовременные формы английского языка в активном и пассивном залоге; глаголы с 1 приставками; инфинитив глагола; инфинитивные обороты; модальные глаголы; артикль; указательные, притяжательные, неопределенные местоимения; [ существительное: образование множественного числа, сложные существительные; I степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий; числительные: порядковые и I количественные; предлоги, словообразование; причастие I и II ; виды придаточных предложений.

После проработки указанного материала, приступайте квыполнению вашего варианта контрольной работы.

Вариант № 1.