Будущее простое время (The Future Simple Tense)
Будущее простое время образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола will и инфинитива. Это время обозначает единичные или повторяющиеся действия в будущем.
| Утвердительная форма | Вопросительная форма | Отрицательная форма |
| I will You will He will She will It will We will They will | Will I? Will you? Will he? Will she? Will it? Will we? Will they? | I will not/ won’t You will not/ won’t He will not/ won’t She will not/ won’t It will not/ won’t We will not/ won’t They will not/ won’t |
Например:
We’ll find him in the hotel.
The house prices will rise every year.
Следует помнить о других возможных способах выражения будущего времени в английском языке:
1. Оборот to be going to + инфинитив, который выражает намерение совершить действие в ближайшем будущем:
I am going to read this book.
2. Настоящее длительное время, выражающее запланированное действие в будущем в основном с глаголами движения (arrive, come, go, leave, travel):
He is coming next week.
3. Настоящее простое время, выражающее запланированное действие в будущем в соответствии с расписанием:
The bus leaves at 12.00.
4. Модальный глагол to be to + инфинитив, выражающий запланированное действие в ближайшем будущем:
She is to take a Maths exam next month.
5. Оборот to be about + инфинитив, выражающий запланированное действие в будущем:
He is about to leave the room.
Запомните, что будущее время не употребляется в придаточных предложениях времени и условия, а заменяется на простое настоящее, хотя все предложение на русский язык переводится будущим временем и имеет значение будущего. Например:
We’ll go to the airport when the taxi comes. Мы поедем в аэропорт, когда придет такси.
Оборот “There be”
Выражение there be соответствует русскому имеется, есть, бывает, находится и стоит на первом месте. Это очень распространенный в английском языке оборот, который большей частью служит для указания наличия чего-либо в определенном месте. Поскольку в таких предложениях обычно говорится о предметах, о которых собеседнику еще ничего неизвестно, после оборота there beне употребляется ни артикль the, ни притяжательное местоимение.
Если в предложении указано обстоятельство места, то чаще всего перевод на русский язык начинается с этого члена предложения. Если обстоятельство места отсутствует, то перевод предложения начинается со слов имеется, находится.
Например:
There are twelve pencils on the table. На столе двенадцать карандашей.
There were ten students in our group. В нашей группе было десять студентов.
There will be many interesting events in our city next year. В следующем году в нашем городе будет происходить много интересных событий.
Обратите внимание на образование отрицательных и вопросительных форм с употреблением данной конструкции на простом примере:
| There are some students in the classroom. There are no students in the classroom. There aren’t any students in the classroom. Are there any students in the classroom? Who is there in the classroom? How many students are there in the classroom? Where are any students? Are there many or few students in the classroom? There are some students in the classroom, aren’t there? |
Выполните задания на времена глаголов группы Simple, обращая внимание на сигнальные слова:
| Present Simple | Past Simple | Future Simple |
| usually always often seldom never sometimes every day (week, month year) on Sunday | yesterday last night (week, month, year) ago the other day then in 2005 | tomorrow next week (month, year, Monday) in three days soon in 2030 |
Проверочные задания на тему «Времена группы Simple»
Задание 43.Задайте вопросы к предложениям (общий, специальные, альтернативный, разделительный).
1. They live in Ivanovo.
2. She studies very well.
3. He is a good specialist.
4. They have (got) a nice flat.
5. There is an unknown car in the yard.
6. It is very cold today.
7. My parents planned a holiday.
8. He was a student two years ago.
9. Mary will come soon.
Задание 44.Вставьте глагол “to be” в нужной форме Present Simple.
| It … my parents’ car. | It is my parents’ car. |
1. I … a student.
2. How … you? - I … fine.
3. Who … he?
4. What … he?
5. He … an electrical engineer.
6. Mary …my cousin. She … my favourite aunt.
7. We … good friends in our group.
8. They … ready for the class. They have to study better.
9. Where …the magazine? - It … on the table.
10. It … a very interesting report, … it? We like it very much.
Задание 45.Вставьте глагол “to be” в нужной форме Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple.
| She … absent yesterday. | She was absent yesterday. |
1. Henry … good at sports.
2. They … from England.
3. Mike … tall.
4. … you interested in music? – Yes, I … .
5. How … your friend?
6. She … in Edinburgh in 2015.
7. I … in China last month. I … in Japan.
8. We … absent yesterday.
9. You … an engineer soon.
10. Tomorrow we … at home. We’ve bought tickets to
the theater.
Задание 46.Ответьте на вопросы, обращая внимание на глагол “to be”.
1. What’s your (first) name?
2. What’s your (last name) surname?
3. How old are you?
4. Where are you from?
5. Are you British?
6. What’s your address?
7. What’s your telephone number?
8. What’s your job?
9. Are you married?
Задание 47.Вставьте глагол “to have/have got” в нужной форме Present Simple.
| He … an exam in physics today. | He has an exam in Physics today. |
1. I … a headache.
2. He … a shower every morning.
3. We usually … lunch at one o’clock.
4. She … so many clothes she doesn’t know where to put them all.
5. They … French magazines. They’ve brought only English ones.
6. ... you any brothers or sisters? – No, I … . I am an only child.
7. … you any paper? – I am sorry. I … no paper.
8. … your Mum usually a holiday in summer? – Yes, she … .
9. Tom … a large country house, … he?
10. Helen and John … a three-room flat, … they?
Задание 48.Вставьте глагол “to have/have got” в нужной форме Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple.
| We … an English class tomorrow. | We will have an English class tomorrow. |
1. My brother … a wife and two children.
2. I’m sorry, I … any present for you. – Never mind.
3. As far as I know, he lives with his relatives. He … a flat of his own.
4. … you any questions?
5. … their daughter dark or fair hair? – Actually, she is red.
6. What … you usually for breakfast?
7. Did you go to Mary’s birthday party? – Oh, yes, we … a great time.
8. I … enough time to do the shopping yesterday, so I’ll have to do it tonight.
9. I think I … a holiday in August this year.
10. If you work hard, I’m sure you … any problems at the exam.
Задание 49.Вставьте глаголы “to be” и “to have/have got”, “to have to” в нужной форме Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple.
1. He … 17 last year.
2. The students … a seminar tomorrow. The professor got ill.
3. … you a good rest? – Yes, I really enjoyed it.
4. … he your son? – Yes, he … .
5. Danny … a new computer.
6. Are they on holiday? - … (Yes/No), they … . They are working.
7. I … dinner yesterday, I didn’t want to. I didn’t feel quite well.
8. I am sure he … at home tonight.
9. They … at the movies yesterday.
10. … you (to work) yesterday? – No, I … . I … work because I had a day off.
Задание 50.Вставьте оборот “there be” в нужной форме Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple.
| … many places of interest in London. | There are many places of interest in London. |
1. … … a time-table and a lot of notice-boards near the Dean’s office.
2. … … seven days in a week.
3. ... … 20 or 25 students in our group now?
4. … … any questions you want to ask? – Yes, … … .
5. Some years ago … … many old houses in our street, … … ?
6. It was late and … … many people in the street.
7. How many mistakes … … in his last test?
8. … … a conference next week.
9. … … no meeting next week.
10. … … a lift in your future house? – Yes, … … .
Задание 51.Измените подлежащее в предложении и поставьте глаголы в 3 лицо единственного числа Present Simple, обращая внимание на правописание этих глаголов. Задайте вопросы к предложениям.
| I play the piano very well. (Liz) Doyou play the piano? | Liz plays the piano very well. Does Liz play the piano? |
1. I want to study German. (Nick)
2. These books give a lot of information.
3. They make a lot of money. (His father)
4. They teach History. (Mr. Brown)
5. These planes fly from London to Madrid.
Задание 52.Исправьте предложения, поставив глаголы в отрицательную форму в Present Simple.
| The sun rises in the west. | The sun doesn’t rise in the west. It rises in the east. |
1. Snow melts in winter.
2. Dolphins live in forests.
3. The Sun goes round the Earth.
4. Spring comes after autumn.
5. The Japanese live in the south.
Задание 53.Вставьте глаголы в скобках в нужной форме
Present Simple.
| These students … English fluently. | These students speak English fluently. |
1. At the weekend I … (to wake up) at seven o’clock. It’s too early.
2. My working day … (to begin) at seven o’clock.
3. Bob … usually (to go) to Ivanovo by bus. He takes the 8 o’clock train.
4. She always … (to come) on time, … she?
5. It often … (to rain) in autumn.
6. Classes … (to start) in the morning.
7. The shops … (to close) at 6 p.m.
8. … you (to speak) any foreign language?
…(Yes/No), I … . I speak English a little.
9. … he (to drive) a car? - … (Yes/No), he … . He
got his driving license two years ago.
10. They … (to know) the right answer. They are not
ready for the class.
Задание 54.Вставьте глаголы “to be”, “to have/have/got” и другие глаголы в скобках в нужной форме Present Simple.
1. He always … (to ask) a lot of questions.
2. Mary ... (to have (got)) two brothers.
3. She … (to be) always ready to help people.
4. My father and I … (to leave) home at eight o’clock.
5. They … (to go) to the seaside every summer. It’s expensive.
6. When … you usually (to arrive) in the city?
7. Why … he (to refuse) to help us?
8. How difficult … (to be) the task?
9. Who … (to drive) Helen to work on weekdays?
10. … your brother (to like) playing tennis or football?
Задание 55.Ответьте на вопросы, обращая внимание на употребление глаголов в Present Simple.
1. What is your friend like?
2. What student is he?
3. What does he look like?
4. What does he like?
5. What do you like?
6. Where do you study?
7. Where does your friend study?
8. Who teaches you English?
9. How many classes do you have every day?
10. How long does it take you to get to the university.
Задание 56.
A. Поставьте неправильные глаголы в скобках в Past Simple.
1. He … (to be) a student a few years ago.
2. I … (to have) classes till three yesterday.
3. All the students … (to do) their assignments yesterday.
4. He … (to choose) an interesting problem for his experiment.
5. We … (to leave) school last year.
B. Образуйте вопросительные и отрицательные предложения в Past Simple.
1. The chief engineer was in his office a few minutes ago.
2. I wrote a letter to Nick in the morning.
3. I spoke to the Dean on Tuesday.
4. They went to the country for the weekend.
5. This student took an active part in the discussion yesterday.
C. Образуйте вопросительные и отрицательные предложения во Future Simple.
1. He will go to the cinema tomorrow.
2. They will play basketball next week.
3. The weather will be fine these days.
4. She will come to the fitness club next weekend.
5. I will return the book in a day.
Задание 57.Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужное время Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple.
1. Water … (to boil) at 100 C.
2. The use of water power and wind power … (to begin) more than 2,000 years ago.
3. He … (to be) the only girl in the group last year.
4. This student … (to graduate) from the university in three years, … he?
5. Your teacher … (to provide) you with a new text-book at
the last lesson, … she?
6. In spite of the difficulties they … (to stop) the experiment and received good results.
7. … you (to proceed) with your experiments next year?
8. I … (to see) a three-dimensional film at the cinema last week.
9. … you (to be responsible) for making a presentation during the conference yesterday?
10. Profound research work sometimes … (to result) in
a discovery.
11. What … he (to give) you as a present? – It was a beautiful ring.
12. What field of industry … you (to work) in?
13. … you (to live) in a hostel or at home when you studied at the university?
14. Graham Bell … (to study) electricity very hard.
15. The professor … (to make) a report at the scientific conference tomorrow. His report will be replaced by a report of a foreign guest.
Задание 58.Выберите глагол в нужной форме, помня о разных способах выражения будущего времени.
1. Do you have any plans for tonight? – Well, actually I … to the cinema with Mark.
| a) will go | b) am going | c) am going to go |
2. Mike … tennis on Friday morning. That will be a great competition!
| a) plays | b) will play | c) is playing |
3. The second term … in February.
| a) will start | b) starts | c) is going to start |
4. Alex has earned a lot of money. He … a new car.
| a) is going to buy | b) buys | c) will buy |
5. We will continue the research when you … us the
necessary data.
| а) will give | b) are going to give | c) give |
6. If he … his attention on his studies, he will know the
language.
| a) concentrates | b) will concentrate | c) concentrate |
7. I’ll come to the country at the weekend if the weather
… f ne.
| a) is going to be | b) is | c) will be |
8. Unless it … too late, we will come there.
| a) will be | b) is going to be | c) is |